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Topic: Unified Parallel C

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	Berkeley Unified Parallel C (UPC) Project
		Unified Parallel C (UPC) is an extension of the C programming language designed for high performance computing on large-scale parallel machines.
		UPC is not a superset of these three languages, but rather an attempt to distill the best characteristics of each.
		We are implementing optimizations for the common special cases in UPC where a programmer uses either the default, cyclic block layout for distributed arrays, or a shared array with 'indefinite' blocksize (i.e., existing entirely on one processor).
	upc.nersc.gov (858 words)

	Universal Source of the Whole Universe--the Fountainhead of All Natural Law--the True Self of Everyone
		The self-interacting dynamics of this unified field constitutes the most basic level of Nature's dynamics and is governed by its own set of fundamental laws.
		The laws governing the self-interacting dynamics of the unified field are called the Constitution of the Universe--the eternal, nonchanging basis of Natural Law and the ultimate source of the order and harmony displayed throughout creation.
		In the unified field theories of modern physics, the precise mathematical form of these fundamental laws is found in the superstring theory.
	www.vedicobservatory.org /A1UnifiedField.html (408 words)

	Computer Science @ Virginia Tech's Northern Virginia Center
		UPC, or Unified Parallel C, is a parallel extension of ANSI C. is the result of a research collaboration among the members of a consortium of academia, industry and government.
		UPC follows a distributed shared memory programming model aimed at leveraging the ease of programming of the shared memory paradigm, while enabling the exploitation of data locality as in the message passing paradigm.
		UPC has been gaining rising support by vendors and there has been several exploratory compilers available for parallel machines including Compaq Alpha Server SC, Cray T3E, and Origin 2000, to name a few.
	www.nvc.cs.vt.edu /web/research/seminar/Abstract030102.htm (199 words)

	Message Passing Interface - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is a de facto standard for communication among the nodes running a parallel program on a distributed memory system.
		MPI is a library of routines that can be called from Fortran, C, C++ and Ada programs.
		MPI's advantage over older message passing libraries is that it is both portable (because MPI has been implemented for almost every distributed memory architecture) and fast (because each implementation is optimized for the hardware it runs on).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Message_Passing_Interface (155 words)

	Computational Science & Engineering
		UPC is a new language for high performance computing on distributed shared memory architectures.
		One of the newest parallel programming languages is UPC, which stands for Unified Parallel C. This language is currently being studied by research groups at UC Berkeley, George Washington University, and MTU.
		There is current interest in UPC because it appears to have a well designed collection of commands that allows programmers to more easily write parallel programs to solve complex problems.
	www.geocities.com /hamsadhwani8/CSERI/hp.html (390 words)

	Etnus Proposal for DWARF2 UPC support
		If this is adopted by the DWARF committee the upc in the names could still be retained since it is useful extra annotation, or it could be dropped at the time the numerical values are moved into the standard ranges.
		The UPC (Unified Parallel C) language (http://hpc.gwu.edu/~upc) is a parallel version of C, and therefore most of the constructs in UPC are already well covered by DWARF.
		UPC allows one dimension of a shared array to be dimensioned with a bound which is a multiple of the number of UPC threads instanced at run time.
	upc.gwu.edu /~upc/workgrps/dwarf2_proposal.htm (731 words)

	UPC Publications
		UPC is parallel programming language which enables programmers to expose parallelism and data locality in applications with an efficient syntax.
		UPC, or Unified Parallel C, is a parallel extension of ANSI C. UPC is developed around the distributed shared-memory programming model with constructs that can allow programmers to exploit memory locality, by placing data close to the threads that manipulate them in order to minimize remote accesses.
		UPC is a parallel extension of the C programming language intended for multiprocessors with a common global address space.
	www.gwu.edu /~upc/pubs.html (1826 words)

	Chistory
		C came into being in the years 1969-1973, in parallel with the early development of the Unix operating system; the most creative period occurred during 1972.
		In particular, the C standard did not attempt to specify formally the language semantics, and so there can be dispute over fine points; nevertheless, it successfully accounted for changes in usage since the original description, and is sufficiently precise to base implementations on it.
		Although C was not originally designed with portability as a prime goal, it succeeded in expressing programs, even including operating systems, on machines ranging from the smallest personal computers through the mightiest supercomputers.
	cm.bell-labs.com /cm/cs/who/dmr/chist.html (8388 words)

	UF HCS Research Laboratory : UPC Activities / Home
		UPC is a promising programming model for shared-memory parallel computing on shared- and distributed-memory system architectures.
		The UPC group in the lab is the group primarily responsible for this research.
		SCI is a particulary promising interconnect for cluster computing with UPC due to its inherent support for both shared-memory and message-passing communication, very low and scalable latency, and high throughput.
	www.hcs.ufl.edu /upc (537 words)

	March 2001 - George Mason Helps Develop New Computer Language
		Unified Parallel C, an extension of the frequently used C language, is designed for supercomputers that use large numbers of processors.
		The advantage of building a massively parallel system is that "you don't have to shoulder the pressure or the financial strain of developing chips from scratch," explains El-Ghazawi.
		The job of parallel computer language is to "identify all possibilities for parallel activities" in a given task, he says.
	www.gmu.edu /news/gazette/0103/complang.html (591 words)

	Etnus - Newsroom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-24)
		UPC is a parallel extension of the ANSI C programming language intended for shared memory multiprocessor computer systems.
		UPC's objectives are to provide efficient access to the underlying machine and to establish a common syntax and semantics for explicitly parallel programming in C. UPC minimizes the overhead involved in communication among cooperating threads.
		As a member of the UPC consortium of organizations from government, academia, and industry, Compaq is pleased to join with Etnus in supporting UPC as another milestone in the ongoing technical relationship between our two companies.
	www.etnus.com /Company/press/press_release.php?file=upc (540 words)

	UPC Development Environment - upcus
		The UPC language was designed as a unification of three earlier languages, all modifications to the C language and all intended to support an explicit parallel programming model.
		The UPC execution model is dramatically different from the model used by the OpenMP extensions to the Fortran, C, and C++ languages, and the HPF language.
		This concept is expressed in the UPC syntax by the ability of the programmer to cast a pointer to a shared memory cell, with affinity to the current thread, to a pointer to a private memory cell.
	h30097.www3.hp.com /upc/ft/upcus.htm (11708 words)

	PACT 2003 Tutorials
		UPC, or Unified Parallel C, is a parallel extension of ANSI C. UPC follows a distributed shared memory programming model aimed at leveraging the ease of programming of the
		UPC is the effort of a consortium of universities, government and industry.
		Tarek El-Ghazawi is one of the principal co-authors of the UPC and the UPC-IO specifications.
	www.ecs.umass.edu /ece/andras/pact_2003_tutorials.htm (2580 words)

	Extreme Linux \| Linux Magazine
		Designed for high-performance computing on large-scale parallel machines, including Beowulf-style clusters, Unified Parallel C provides a uniform programming model for both shared and distributed memory hardware.
		While often used in scientific models for shared memory parallelism on symmetric multi-processor (SMP) machines, OpenMP can also be used in conjunction with the Message Passing Interface (MPI) to provide a second level of parallelism for improved performance on Linux clusters having SMP compute nodes.
		In this column's previous discussions of parallel programming, the focus has been on distributed memory parallelism, since most Linux clusters are best suited to this programming model.
	www.linux-mag.com /channel/extreme-linux (1542 words)

	GNU UPC Compiler
		The GNU UPC toolset provides a compilation and execution environment for programs written in the UPC (Unified Parallel C) language.
		The GNU UPC compiler is implemented as a C Language dialect translator, in a fashion similar to the implementation of the GNU Objective C compiler.
		The -x upc switch tells the UPC compiler to treat all filenames on the command line as if they are UPC source files; the compiler does not attempt to determine a file's type based on its file's extension.
	www.gwu.edu /~upc/software/gnu-upc.html (1802 words)

	GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY HELPS DEVELOP NEW COMPUTER LANGUAGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-24)
		Unlike other parallel languages, this new language, called Unified Parallel C or UPC, is both easy to use and efficient.
		UPC, an extension of the frequently used C language, is designed for massively parallel computers -- or supercomputers that use large numbers of processors.
		Experimental evidence has shown that for many applications, UPC is at least as efficient as its counterparts and much easier to use in programming.
	www.gmu.edu /news/release/upc.html (316 words)

	MuPC Run Time System for UPC
		MuPC is a portable, open source implementation of UPC V1.1.1.
		References to shared data and other UPC constructs from the original program are translated into calls to functions in the MuPC run time library.
		The C program is then compiled and linked with the MuPC library.
	www.upc.mtu.edu /MuPCdistribution (537 words)

	Unified Parallel C (UPC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-24)
		Unified Parallel C (UPC) is a C language extension for parallel program development.
		UPC allows you to explicitly specify parallel programming through language syntax rather than library functions such as used in MPI and SHMEM.
		UPC allows you to read and write memory of other processes with simple assignment statements.
	docs.cray.com /books/S-2310-51/html-S-2310-51/upc.html (64 words)

	SC2004 - Interactive Schedule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-24)
		UPC, or Unified Parallel C, is a parallel extension of ANSI C. UPC follows a distributed shared memory programming model aimed at leveraging the ease of programming of the shared memory paradigm, while enabling the exploitation of data locality.
		UPC incorporates constructs that allow placing data near the threads that manipulate them to minimize remote accesses.
		The UPC effort is carried out by a consortium of academia, government, and industry.
	www.sc-conference.org /sc2004/schedule/index.php?module=Default&action=ShowDetail&eventid=101 (584 words)

	Resume'
		Proceedings of the Parallel Architecture and Languages "Parle 92", Paris, June 1992.
		UPC: Unified Parallel C. IEEE/ACM Supercomputing 2001, Denver, Co. November 12-15, 2001.
		UPC: Unified Parallel C. IEEE/ACM Supercomputing 2000, Dallas, TX, November 3-10, 2000.
	www.seas.gwu.edu /~tarek/publications/index.html (1505 words)

	HP UPC Version 2.3 - North America/U.S. QuickSpecs
		HP Unified Parallel C (UPC), a parallel extension of the C programming language, supports both common types of multiprocessor systems: those with a shared global address space (such as SMP) and those with distributed memory.
		HP UPC provides a simple shared memory model for parallel programming, allowing data to be shared or distributed among multiple communicating processors.
		Development of the UPC language clearly illustrates the growing trend away from implicit towards explicit parallelism.
	h18000.www1.hp.com /products/quickspecs/11887_na/11887_na.HTML (826 words)

	MTU Department of Computer Science
		UPC, Unified Parallel C, is a new language for parallel programming.
		UPC starts with C, it keeps all the standard C concepts and features, and it extends C with a small set of features that provide parallelism.
		UPC is now only available for shared memory machines.
	www.cs.mtu.edu /html/abstracts/yi_liang_proposal.html (181 words)

	[No title]
		D Í P (Special case, D=P) Goal is to compute a minimal delay set D, which ensures sequential execution.¡¢ZlZ C0AO33ÿþó¨Parallel program analysis¡ÿþ¨aConflict Set C, specifies unordered pair of memory accesses (a1,a2) such that a1 & a2 are issued by different processors, both access the same variable and at least one is write.
		C is a conservative super set of E. Minimal delay set can be computed by considering cycles in PÈC. If PÈC does not contain any cycle, then PÈE would not contain any cycle.
		Approach: The compiler should detect whether a cycle could occur in PÈC. Compile time graph: A runtime access is associated with an access statement.
	www.inf.ethz.ch /personal/barikr/presentations/Dec2ndPresentation.ppt (484 words)

	Workshop: New Methods for Developing Peta-scalable Codes - Topics and Lecturers
		Co-Array FORTRAN (CAF) and Unified Parallel C (UPC) are designed to find an effective middle ground between globally cache-coherent shared memory and message passing.
		The goal is to overcome the shortcomings of the shared memory programming model (does not scale, is expensive even at small scales, and doesn't encourage data locality) as well as those of message passing (too low-level, too burdensome to the programmer, and too hard to optimize).
		Titanium is an explicitly parallel dialect of Java developed at UC Berkeley to support high-performance scientific computing on large-scale multiprocessors.
	www.psc.edu /training/PPS_May04/Petatopics.html (574 words)

	GCC UPC (GCC Unified Parallel C) \| intrepid.com
		The GCC UPC toolset provides a compilation and execution environment for programs written in the UPC (Unified Parallel C) language.
		The GCC UPC compiler is implemented as a C Language dialect translator, in a fashion similar to the implementation of the GNU Objective C compiler.
		GCC UPC is implemented as an extension to the GNU C Compiler (GCC) and is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License.
	www.intrepid.com /upc.html (500 words)

	Parallel Computing Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-24)
		Parallel Computing 101, a tutorial for beginning and intermediate users, managers, people contemplating purchasing or building a parallel computer, etc.
		Parallel Tools Consortium (Ptools), a group devoted to developing portable parallel programming tools ``responsive to user's needs''.
		UPC (Unified Parallel C), a virtual shared memory language simulating shared memory on distributed memory machines.
	www.eecs.umich.edu /~qstout/parlinks.html (513 words)

	SC2004 - Interactive Schedule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-24)
		UPC, or Unified Parallel C, is a parallel extension of ISO C. UPC follows the Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming model, which is aimed at leveraging the ease of programming of the shared memory paradigm, while enabling the exploitation of data locality.
		To this end, UPC incorporates constructs that allow placing data near the threads that manipulate them to minimize remote accesses.
		UPC has also many advanced synchronization features including mechanisms for overlapping synchronization with local processing and constructs for defining memory consistency.
	www.sc-conference.org /sc2004/schedule/index.php?module=Default&action=ShowDetail&eventid=28 (564 words)

	ARSC HPC Users' Newsletter 289
		UPC, or unified parallel C, is an explicit parallel extension of ISO C, which follows the Partitioned Global Address Space (GPAS) programming model.
		UPC combines the ease of programming of the Shared Memory Model with the ability to control and exploit data locality, as in the message passing paradigms.
		UPC has been implemented for the Cray X1, Cray T3D/T3E, SGI O2000/O3000, Beowulf Clusters, and IBM SP.
	www.arsc.edu /support/news/HPCnews/HPCnews289.shtml (1098 words)

	UPC Class
		UPC, or Unified Parallel C, is a parallel extension of ISO C. follows the Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) programming model, which is aimed at leveraging the ease of programming of the shared memory paradigm, while enabling the exploitation of data locality.
		UPC, therefore, combines the strengths of the shared memory and the message passing models.
		UPC also has many advanced synchronization features including mechanisms for overlapping synchronization with local processing and constructs for controlling the memory consistency model.
	www.arsc.edu /news/upcclass.html (432 words)

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