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Topic: Unified neutral theory of biodiversity

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	Unified neutral theory of biodiversity - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The theory aims to explain the diversity and relative abundance of species in ecological communities, although like other neutral theories of ecology, Hubbell's theory assumes that the differences between members of an ecological community of trophically similar species are "neutral," or irrelevant to their success.
		Under the Unified Theory, complex ecological interactions are permitted among individuals of an ecological community (such as competition and cooperation), provided that all individuals obey the same rules.
		The neutrality of the Unified Theory implies that this probability would be independent of the parent's species (note that common species have a higher birth rate, and thus the UNTB predicts that speciation occurs more frequently for common species than rare species).
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Unified_neutral_theory_of_biodiversity (2442 words)

	UNIFIED NEUTRAL THEORY OF BIODIVERSITY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY by Hubbell, Stephen P, LEVIN, SIMON, HUBBELL, STEPHEN P. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In the theory, this fundamental biodiversity number, together with the migration or dispersal rate, completely determines the steady-state distribution of species richness and relative species abundance on local to large geographic spatial scales and short-term to evolutionary time scales.
		In many ways Hubbell's theory is the ecological analog to the neutral theory of genetic drift in genetics.
		The unified neutral theory of biogeography and biodiversity should stimulate research in new theoretical and empirical directions by ecologists, evolutionary biologists, and biogeographers.
	www.studentbookworld.com /BookDetail/0691021287.html (263 words)

	Sample Chapter for Hubbell, S.: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography.
		The theory of island biogeography is a neutral theory, but it nonetheless has "ecological rules" that govern the rates of immigration and extinction of assumed identical species to and from islands.
		This unified theory also generates a dimensionless biodiversity number,, which appears to be fundamental in the sense that it crops up everywhere in the theory at all spatio-temporal scales (chapters 5, 6, 8).
		The theory of island biogeography was radical because it broke away from the conventional neo-Darwinian view of ecological communities as coadapted assemblages of niche-differentiated species residing at or near adaptive and demographic equilibrium.
	pup.princeton.edu /chapters/s7105.html (6972 words)

	Biodiversity : Essential Information, explanation, recent texts, monographs, and relevant links.
		Biodiversity or biological diversity is a neologism from bio and diversity.
		For geneticists, biodiversity is the diversity of genes and organisms.
		Biodiversity: time and space Biodiversity is not static: it is a system in constant evolution, from a species, as well as from an individual organism point of view.
	www.asteroidwatch.net /agri/gardening/Biodiversity.html (2568 words)

	Unified neutral theory of biodiversity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Early neutral theories include the broken stick hypothesis of Robert MacArthur and the island biogeography theories of MacArthur and E.
		The neutrality of the Unified Theory implies that this probability would be independent of the parent's species (common species have a higher birth rate, and thus the UNTB predicts that speciation occurs more frequently for common species than rare species).
		The Unified Theory unifies biodiversity, as measured by species-abundance curves, with biogeography, as measured by species-area curves.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Unified_neutral_theory_of_biodiversity (2555 words)

	Stephen P. Hubbell: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32) (Monographs in Population ...
		Stephen P. Hubbell: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32) (Monographs in Population Biology) - Bøger
		Stephen P. Hubbell: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32) (Monographs in Population Biology)
		Bruger anmeldelser af The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32) (Monographs in Population Biology):
	www.totaltiorden.dk /shop/product_details.php/0691021287 (1141 words)

	ecology principles
		Biosphere and biodiversity are inseparable characteristics of the Earth.
		The most significant relation is the relation of predation (to eat or to be eaten), which leads to the essential concepts in ecology of food chains (for example, the grass is consumed by the herbivore, itself consumed by a carnivore, itself consumed by a carnivore of larger size).
		Very generally, the richness of biodiversity (as well for animal than plant species) is decreasing most rapidly near the equator (as in Brazil) and less rapidly as one approaches the poles.
	www.findthelinks.com /Science/ecology_principles.htm (2586 words)

	Neutral theory of molecular evolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		While some scientists had hinted that maybe neutral mutations were widespread, like Sueoka (1962), a coherent theory of neutral evolution was first formalized by Motoo Kimura in 1968, followed quickly by King and Jukes' provocative article, "Non-Darwinian Evolution" (1969).
		According to Kimura, when one compares the genomes of existing species, the vast majority of molecular differences are selectively "neutral." That is, these differences do not influence the fitness of either the species or the individuals who make up the species.
		However, it should be noted that the original theory was based on the consistency in rates of amino acid changes, and hypothesized that the majority of those changes too were neutral.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Neutral_theory_of_molecular_evolution (963 words)

	Franklin \| News
		According to this theory, species coexist in closed assemblages that are in equilibrium or near equilibrium.
		Hubbell began to formulate what is now generally called “Neutral Theory.” He believes that Symmetric Neutral Theory, as it is now called, is consistent with a number of major ecological pattern regularities at large geographic spatial scales as well as evolutionary time scales, many of which have resisted explanation by asymmetric niche-assembly theory.
		Hubbell admits that his Neutral Theory will probably continue to be controversial among many of his colleagues for some time to come, and he expects the new paper in Nature to draw considerable scrutiny.
	www.franklin.uga.edu /news/2003/article46.htm (782 words)

	Neutral theory (communication arising)The stability of forest biodiversity : Nature
		Neutral theory (communication arising): The stability of forest biodiversity
		argue that neutral drift is inconsistent with the palaeorecord of stability in fossil pollen assemblages of the Holocene forests of southern Canada.
		We show here that their analysis is based on a partial misunderstanding of neutral theory and that their data alone cannot unambiguously test its validity.
	www.nature.com /doifinder/10.1038/427696a (259 words)

	POETS Corner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The neutral theory states that differences between species may be ignored when studying population dynamics.
		Although this theory is highly controversial, it appears to predict observed species abundance curves very accurately across a wide range of terrestrial and marine ecosystems.
		I then apply the theory to a dataset from marine ecology and show that it accounts for the observed spread of species abundances to within experimental error.
	www.soc.soton.ac.uk /soes/staff/apm1/rksh.html (191 words)

	Ecological Archives E085-105-A1
		Neutral ecology was studied by both Hubbell (2001) and Volkov et al.
		Hubbell, S. The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography.
		Neutral theory and relative species abundance in ecology.
	www.esapubs.org /archive/ecol/E085/105/appendix-A.htm (644 words)

	biology - Unified neutral theory of biodiversity (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography (here "Unified Theory") is a theory and the title of a monograph[1] by theoretical ecologist Stephen Hubbell.
		where θ is the fundamental biodiversity number, J the community size, Γ is the gamma function, and γ = (J - 1) / (1 - m) (m is the immigration rate).
		Notable proponents of the Unified Theory include Stephen Hubbell (University of Georgia); notable critics include Brian McGill (Michigan State University) and J. Timothy Wootton (University of Chicago).
	www.biologydaily.com.cob-web.org:8888 /biology/Unified_neutral_theory_of_biodiversity (2320 words)

	EEB 375 Homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		One approach is the emerging "metacommunity" perspective, which looks at biodiversity on a landscape scale as discrete communities connected by migration (readings from the new book, "Metacommunities," edited by Holyoak, Leibold, and Holt).
		Hubbell 2001, Unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography (UNTBB), Chap.
		Neutral theory in community ecology and the hypothesis of functional equivalence.
	viceroy.eeb.uconn.edu /eeb375 (506 words)

	Music Directory: Unified Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		By Brian Greene Seventy-five years ago, Albert Einstein completed his unified field theory a theory that promised to stitch all of nature's forces into a single, tightly woven mathematical tapestry.
		Northeastern Naturalist - Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, The
		January 1, 2003 -- The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography.
	www.jazar-music.com /directory/Bands_and_Artists/U/Unified_Theory (428 words)

	Penn State Eberly College of Science -- Research on Relative Species Abundance
		Conventional ecological theory says that species coexist with one another by being the best competitors in their own ecological niches—or functional roles—in the community.
		Banavar, Volkov, and Maritan were intrigued by the theory and set out to collaborate on further research, the first fruit of which is the paper in this week's issue of Nature.
		The neutral theory has been controversial and questions have been raised on its ability to describe ecological data any better than commonly used empirical forms.
	www.science.psu.edu /alert/Banavar8-2003.htm (379 words)

	The Theory of Island Biogeography (Princeton Landmarks in Biology)
		The theory builds on the first principles of population ecology and genetics to explain how distance and area combine to regulate the balance between immigration and extinction in island populations.
		Originally published as part of the Princeton University Press' Monographs in Population Biology series, Robert MacArthur's and Edward O. Wilson's ""Theory Of Island Biogeography"" is regarded by many as the most influential tome in theoretical ecology published in the latter half of the 20th Century.
		Without a doubt, their equilibrium theory of island biogeography is one of the finest achievements of 20th Century ecology.
	www.textbooksrus.com /search/bookdetail/?isbn=0691088365 (709 words)

	UGA Research Magazine :: Fall 2005
		Originally published as The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (2001), the theory unifies previously unconnected theory in population biology and island biogeography with speciation theory.
		The controversy is because, despite the concept’s simplified neutral approach, it works remarkably well, accurately describing many observed patterns of species diversity that had previously resisted theoretical explanation.
		Hubbell’s book has already become a citation classic and his theory has spawned a significant growth industry in theoretical ecology, resulting in a spate of derivative publications in leading scientific journals such as Nature and Science.
	www.researchmagazine.uga.edu /fall2006/lamardodd.htm (207 words)

	Hubbell, S.P.: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32).
		F.A.Q. The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32)
		Despite its supreme importance and the threat of its global crash, biodiversity remains poorly understood both empirically and theoretically.
		7.Metapopulations and Biodiversity on the Metacommunity Landscape 202
	pup.princeton.edu /titles/7105.html (615 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography: Books: Stephen P. Hubbell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (Hardcover)
		Building on the conceptual foundations of island biogeography, Hubbell erects a grand null hypothesis establishing, in this case, a novel conceptual framework for virtually all further attempts at interpetating the composite distributions and abundances of species, in any environment and at any trophic level.
		"This book presents a new theory that seeks to unify the two approaches of population biology: biodiversity and biogeography.
	www.amazon.ca /Unified-Neutral-Theory-Biodiversity-Biogeography/dp/0691021295 (1102 words)

	[No title]
		Nature 423:635-637 Hubbell SP (2001) The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography.
		Princeton University Press McGill BJ (2003) A test of the unified neutral theory of biodiversity.
		(2003) Neutral theory and relative species abundance in ecology.
	www.life.uiuc.edu /ib/453/lec24.doc (111 words)

	Neutral poet - Pcnetastuces
		The neutral theory states that differences between species
		As the virgin-poet moves from childhood into early adulthood, from sexually neutral to sexually aware, we see inlanguage of courtship as the virgin-poet articulates the changing natureThis paper explores the virgin poet's libidinal drive as expressed
		Government "Neutral" on Fluoride in Water A governmentScotland was claimed to be "completely neutral".
	www.pcnetastuces.com /nail-polish/opi/neutral-tones/neutral-poet.html (399 words)

	Recognizing Excellence in Research and Creative Activity: Stephen P. Hubbell
		The theory has generated great excitement but also consternation among ecologists.
		The controversy is because, despite its simplified neutral approach, it works remarkably well, accurately describing many observed patterns of species diversity that had previously resisted theoretical explanation.
		His book has already become a citation classic and his theory has spawned a significant growth industry in theoretical ecology, resulting in a spate of derivative publications in leading scientific journals such as Nature and Science.
	www.ovpr.uga.edu /creativeresearch/awardwinners/HubbellStephenP.htm (201 words)

	Biogeography Ecology Biology Science
		To show that the mapping of biodiversity and ecology is, like astronomy, something...
		EO Wilson chats about his new book on the intersection of science...Grist Magazine, WA - Oct 17, 2006In 1967, EO Wilson coauthored the book that founded island biogeography, a new field of...
		To show that the mapping of biodiversity and ecology is, like astronomy...
	www.iaswww.com /ODP/Science/Biology/Ecology/Biogeography (293 words)

	Amazon.com: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32) (Monographs in Population Biology): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Amazon.com: The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32) (Monographs in Population Biology): Books: Stephen P. Hubbell
		The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (MPB-32) (Monographs in Population Biology) (Paperback)
		Biodiversity, Deep Time, and People: A list by Tom Lum Forest
	www.amazon.com /Unified-Biodiversity-Biogeography-Monographs-Population/dp/0691021287 (1621 words)

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