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Topic: Uniformitarianism

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	10(c) Concept of Uniformitarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Uniformitarianism is one of the most important unifying concepts in the geosciences.
		The term uniformitarianism was first used in 1832 by William Whewell, a University of Cambridge scholar, to present an alternative explanation for the origin of the Earth.
		Thus, uniformitarianism suggests that the continuing uniformity of existing processes should be used as the framework for understanding the geomorphic and geologic history of the Earth.
	www.physicalgeography.net /fundamentals/10c.html (414 words)

	Uniformitarianism (science) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Uniformitarianism, in the philosophy of science, is the assumption that the natural processes operating in the past are the same as those that can be observed operating in the present.
		Uniformitarianism has its philosophical roots in antiquity, but it was refined and popularized by British scientists of the late 18th and early 19th centuries: notably James Hutton, John Playfair, Charles Lyell, and William Whewell (who coined the term).
		Uniformitarianism is one of the most basic principles of modern geology, the observation that fundamentally the same geological processes that operate today also operated in the distant past.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Uniformitarianism_(science) (632 words)

	Geology - MSN Encarta
		Uniformitarianism, or actualism, helps geologists use their knowledge of modern processes and events to reconstruct the past.
		The principle of uniformitarianism depends on the 'uniformity of laws,' which assumes that the laws of physics and chemistry have remained constant.
		Uniformitarianism contrasts with, for example, the idea that past events such as floods or earthquakes were caused by divine intervention or supernatural causes.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761555455_2____3/Geology.html (822 words)

	Uniformitarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Uniformitarianism is one of the most basic principles of modern geology, the belief that fundamentally the same geological processes that operated in the distant past also operate today.
		In the 18th and 19th centuries, the debate between the two theories was very controversial, since uniformitarianism seemed to be incompatible with the prevailing religious beliefs of the time.
		In recent decades, the theory of uniformitarianism has been modified to reflect the discovery of certain catastrophic events in the earth's past.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/u/un/uniformitarianism.html (221 words)

	Dating Events in Earth History
		Uniformitarianism is an assumption about the earth that is still one of the most important foundations of modern geology.
		Uniformitarianism still counts an appeal to the supernatural as "cheating", when one attempts to explain the history of the earth.
		Like the discovery that the earth is not the center of the universe, it was bothersome in that it called into question the central place of the human race in the scheme of things, relegating the entire of human history to the most recent tiny fraction of the history of the earth.
	faculty.weber.edu /bdattilo/shknbk/notes/time.htm (3785 words)

	uniformitarianism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		It made little progress, however, against the teachings of the school of Abraham Gottlob Werner, a German geologist, and as a theory of dynamic geology it was overshadowed by the doctrine of catastrophism, of which the major supporter was the French naturalist G. Cuvier.
		This was in large measure because uniformitarianism seemed in several ways to be contrary to religious beliefs.
		Uniformitarianism had its day in the 19th cent., when it was widely accepted as a result of the efforts of the English geologist Sir Charles Lyell.
	www.bartleby.com /65/un/uniformi.html (299 words)

	Uniformitarianism - CreationWiki
		When Lyellian gradualism and steady-stateism began gaining momentum during the 19th century and into the 20th century, uniformitarianism was contrasted with catastrophism as the explanation for major geological and paleontological phenomena.
		The publicity surrounding Charles Darwin's "The Origin of Species" accompanied the movement of sentiment among scientists toward a uniformitarian perspective, and into the 20th century it began affecting scientific studies increasingly.
		One example is non-variability in the speed of light, which was experimentally demonstrated as a constant in the 19th century and into the 20th.
	creationwiki.org /index.php?title=Uniformitarianism (1834 words)

	Uniformitarianism \| World of Earth Science
		The concept of uniformitarianism is commonly oversimplified in geological textbooks as "the present is a guide to interpreting the past" (or words to that effect).
		In 1837, the name uniformitarianism was coined by William Whewell (1794–1866) as a term meant to convey Hutton's sense of order and regularity in the operation of nature and Lyell's sense that there was a uniformity of rates of geological processes through time.
		Most scientists argue that uniformitarianism should be kept in its proper historical perspective in the future, and that a more specific term like actualism might supplant uniformitarianism in places where the word is meant to convey strictly the modern concept of uniformity of causes.
	www.bookrags.com /research/uniformitarianism-woes-02 (856 words)

	Uniformitarianism
		The doctrine of Uniformitarianism was significantly advanced by James Hutton (1726-1797) in his publication, Theory of the Earth (1785).
		He convinced geologists that because physical laws are constant in time and space and current processes should be consulted before resorting to unseen processes, it necessarily follows that all past processes acted at essentially their current rates (that is, those observed in historical time).
		Uniformitarianism, together with the Geologic Column presupposed by Lyell based on uniformity, have been disproved by geologic features such as poly-strata fossils, misplaced fossils, missing layers and misplaced layers (including layers in reverse order or "ancient" layers found above "modern" layers).
	www.uniformitarianism.net (358 words)

	Controversy. Catastrophism and Evolution: The Ongoing Debate
		Uniformitarianism was formulated by Charles Lyell in a geological context, but many of its principles and attitudes were adopted by Charles Darwin for his theory of evolution, subsequently developed into the Modern Synthesis.
		Actualistic uniformitarianism, the principle that physical processes operate according to unchanging laws, was widely acclaimed by scientists of all persuasions, then and subsequently.
		Nevertheless, an unnecessary association was established between actualistic and substantive uniformitarianism and, since no global catastrophes had apparently been observed in historical times, uniformitarianism came to imply gradualism, this being stretched to include minor catastrophist elements such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
	www.knowledge.co.uk /sis/controv.htm (2951 words)

	Uniformitarianism
		Uniformitarianism is the doctrine that existing processes acting in the same manner and with essentially the same intensity as at present are sufficient to account for all geologic change.
		Uniformitarianism posits that natural agents now at work on and within the Earth have operated with general uniformity through immensely long periods of time.
		When William Whewell, a University of Cambridge scholar, introduced the term in 1832, the prevailing view (called catastrophism) was that the Earth had originated through supernatural means and had been affected by a series of catastrophic events such as the biblical Flood.
	abyss.uoregon.edu /~js/glossary/uniformitarianism.html (688 words)

	God Said Man Said - The Record
		Uniformitarianism is a foundational platform in the religion of the evolutionists.
		The doctrine of uniformitarianism is central to evolutionary “theology.” It is this hypothesis that gives credence to the bizarre eons of time attributed to the age of the earth and universe.
		Uniformitarianism theorizes that all things happening in nature today have come about via a very slow uniform rate since the earth’s beginning, which they claim was 1½ billion years ago.
	www.godsaidmansaid.com /topic3.asp?Cat2=262&ItemID=797 (1383 words)

	The Biblical Flood and the Ice Epoch
		This agreement between uniformitarianism and humanism is not coincidental since uniformitarianism is the daughter of philosophy of modern humanism.
		Of those who decided to reject the uniformitarian proposition and oppose it, most found that they might meet the challenge in their pulpits, but that they were nearly at a complete loss in the classroom.
		It is to this uniformitarianism assumption that the next chapter is directed, in particular, and the total work in general.
	www.creationism.org /patten/PattenBiblFlood/PattenBiblFlood02.htm (7001 words)

	Catastrophism Versus Uniformitarianism
		Catastrophism versus uniformitarianism describes alternative process which could be primarily responsible for the formation the geological strata and embedded fossils.
		The theory of uniformitarianism taught that the present was the key to the past and exactly the same slow process that we see today is the one responsible for the formation of all the geological rock strata.
		So uniformitarianism dethroned catastrophism and evolution dethroned biblical creationism and both became the dominant theories in academia and science until the present time.
	allaboutcreation.org /catastrophism-versus-uniformitarianism-faq.htm (483 words)

	Uniformitarianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Within religious philosophy, Uniformitarianism ("with a capital U") is the belief that the Universe has existed as it is now for an infinite time and will continue to exist for ever.
		Within scientific philosophy, uniformitarianism ("with a small u") refers to the principle that the same processes that shape the universe occurred in the past as they do now, and that the same laws of physics apply in all parts of the knowable universe.
		This axiomatic principle, not often referred to as an "-ism" in modern discussions, is particularly relevant to geology and other sciences on a long timescale such as astronomy and paleontology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Uniformitarianism (198 words)

	Catastrophism - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The debate between catastrophism and uniformitarianism raged at the beginning of the 19th century, with Georges Cuvier the proponent of the former, and Charles Lyell of the latter.
		Young-earth creationists are vehemently opposed to uniformitarianism, and claim that Lyell's saying "the present is the key to the past" is an erroneous assumption.
		They often mistake "uniformitarianism" for "tranquility", although uniformitarian geology does not have to be tranquil (for example, the shaping of the Himalayan mountain range when the Indian subcontinent collided into Asia was anything but tranquil).
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php?title=Catastrophism&printable=yes (449 words)

	Creation Science, Catastrophism
		The opposite viewpoint is referred to as "uniformitarianism," which is the view of old earth creationists.
		Uniformitarianism – The belief or principle that the past history of the earth and its inhabitants is best interpreted in terms of what is known about the present.
		Uniformitarianism explains the past by appealing to known laws and principles acting in a gradual, uniform way through past ages.
	www.answersincreation.org /catastrophism.htm (599 words)

	Christian Newsletters - The Bible vs. Uniformitarianism - Bible Believers Fellowship
		For example, the age of the earth is determined according to the fossils that are found in it.
		Uniformitarianism and its biological counterpart, Evolution, are based on the belief that the earth and life came into existence gradually and systematically over a long period of time.
		There is far more evidence that Uniformitarianism is wrong, but I don't have the space to present it to you.
	www.prisonministry.org /newsletters/uniformitarianism.htm (3945 words)

	Uniformitarianism, A Piss Poor Science Assumption \| MattFarina.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Education uniformitarianism is, "in geology, doctrine holding that changes in the earth's surface that occurred in past geologic time are referable to the same causes as changes now being produced upon the earth's surface." What does this mean?
		Uniformitarianism is a piss poor assumption because the evidence does not support it.
		This is important to understand because uniformitarianism is one of the assumptions of the sciences that study the past.
	www.mattfarina.com /2006/10/17/uniformitarianism_a_piss_poor_science_assumption (3522 words)

	CD200: Uniformitarianism
		The evolution model is associated primarily with uniformitarianism, but evidence of catastrophism makes the uniformitarian assumption untenable.
		For example, in the later twentieth century, J. Harlan Bretz showed that the Scablands in eastern Washington formed from a large flood when a glacial lake broke through an ice dam; and Luis Alvarez proposed that an asteroid impact was responsible for the extinction of dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
		Actualism (modern uniformitarianism) states that the geologic record is the product of both slow, gradual processes (such as glacial erosion) and natural catastrophes (such as volcanic eruptions and landslides).
	www.talkorigins.org /indexcc/CD/CD200.html (322 words)

	Uniformitarianism in the Mississippi River Delta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Uniformitarianism will show that the processes at work today in the Mississippi River system have operated there in the past and will continue to do so in the future.
		The next uniformitarian fluvial process of the Mississippi River is progradation of the river mouth.
		Uniformitarianism states that the physical and chemical processes which can be observed today have operated in the past and will continue to do so in the future.
	www.cox-internet.com /coop/deltawebpage.html (1657 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The most important of these principles is uniformitarianism, which is the basic tenet upon which all study of the Earth is based.
		Uniformitarianism simply means that processes occurring today to shape the Earth also occurred in the past.
		The concept of uniformitarianism was initially developed in the late 1600s and 1700s.
	cse.cosm.sc.edu /hses/RelatDat/pages/uniform.htm (495 words)

	Creation Science, Polystrate Fossils
		Uniformitarianism believes that the present is the key to the past.
		So yes, uniformitarianism is the key to the past, and since we see both rapid and slow deposition today, then we had rapid and slow deposition in the past.
		In other words, you believe in uniformitarianism (the slow deposition of most of earth's sediments), however you also believe that catastrophic events happened throughout geologic history (and thus, are also part of uniformitarianism).
	www.answersincreation.org /rebuttal/icr/drjohn/drjohn_81.htm (663 words)

	The Scripture Doctrine of Creation
		So critical is the principle of uniformitarianism to the theory of evolution that, it is safe to say, if the principle of uniformitarianism be disproved, the whole structure of evolutionary thought falls to the ground.
		The principle of uniformitarianism comes into play in connection with what is considered to be the main evidence for evolution, the fossil record.
		The principle of uniformitarianism is dis-proved by the Flood.
	www.iserv.net /~chargers/chem/cammenga.htm (1535 words)

	Evolution - A-Z - Uniformitarianism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Uniformitarianism is the principle that we can infer long term trends from those we have observed over a short period.
		However, it is possible to imagine, by extrapolation, that if the small scale processes we have seen were continued over a long enough period they could have produced the modern variety of life.
		Many creationists reject the uniformitarian principle and believe that evolution can operate within a species, but cannot produce a new species.
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /ridley/a-z/Uniformitarianism.asp (191 words)

	What Is Uniformitarianism
		The concept of uniformitarianism was conceived in the late 1700’ by a Scottish geologist named James Hutton.
		The theory of uniformitarianism became the “time” foundation for the Theory of Evolution and the “Origin of the Species” book by Charles Darwin, which further discredited the Bible.
		Although many geologists today have rejected uniformitarianism based upon several criteria and many scientists are questioning the truth of evolution based upon the lack of factual support.
	www.allaboutcreation.org /what-is-uniformitarianism-faq.htm (465 words)

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