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Topic: Unikont

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	Myosin domain evolution and the primary divergence of eukaryotes : Nature
		The simplest involves a single cilium-bearing centriole, nucleating a cone of individual microtubules (probably ancestral for unikonts: animals, fungi, Choanozoa and Amoebozoa).
		In contrast, bikonts (plants, chromists and all other protozoa) were ancestrally biciliate with a younger anterior cilium, converted every cell cycle into a dissimilar posterior cilium and multiple ciliary roots of microtubule bands.
		The sequence phylogeny and taxonomic distribution of myosin domain combinations identified five innovations that strongly support unikont monophyly and the primary bikont/unikont bifurcation.
	www.nature.com /nature/journal/v436/n7054/abs/nature03949.html (270 words)

	[No title]
		I argue that the ancestral eukaryote was uniciliate with a single centriole (unikont) and a simple centrosomal cone of microtubules, as in the aerobic amoebozoan zooflagellate Phalansterium.
		I infer the root of the eukaryote tree at the divergence between opisthokonts (animals, Choanozoa, fungi) with a single posterior cilium and all other eukaryotes, designated 'anterokonts' because of the ancestral presence of an anterior cilium.
		Anterokonts comprise the Amoebozoa, which may be ancestrally unikont, and a vast ancestrally biciliate clade, named 'bikonts'.
	www.nies.go.jp /chiiki1/protoz/refere/id4999/4472.htm (547 words)

	unikont - Definitions from Dictionary.com
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	dictionary.reference.com /browse/unikont (51 words)

	IngentaConnect Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa
		Protist large-scale phylogeny is briefly reviewed and a revised higher classification of the kingdom Protozoa into 11 phyla presented.
		Complementary gene fusions reveal a fundamental bifurcation among eukaryotes between two major clades: the ancestrally uniciliate (often unicentriolar) unikonts and the ancestrally biciliate bikonts, which undergo ciliary transformation by converting a younger anterior cilium into a dissimilar older posterior cilium.
		Unikonts comprise the ancestrally unikont protozoan phylum Amoebozoa and the opisthokonts (kingdom Animalia, phylum Choanozoa, their sisters or ancestors; and kingdom Fungi).
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/urban/301/2003/00000039/00000004/art00002 (244 words)

	[Eukaryogenesis: a model derivated from ribosomal RNA molecular phylogenise] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		When the cytosolic sequences are rooted using only the ER/ chloroplast clade as outgroup the amoebozoan Dictyostelium is sister to the opisthokonts forming a unikont clade in the distance tree.
		Congruence of this tree with that for concatenated mitochondrial proteins suggests that the root of the eukaryote tree is between unikonts and bikonts.
		Gamma-corrected maximum likelihood analyses of cytosolic sequences alone (519 unambiguously aligned amino acid positions) show bikonts as a clade, as do least-squares distance trees, but with other distance methods and parsimony the sole amoebozoan species branches weakly within bikonts.
	aum.lib.bioinfo.pl /pmid:1339595 (2627 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| How many novel eukaryotic 'kingdoms'? Pitfalls and limitations of environmental DNA surveys
		Following recent hypotheses on the position of the root of the eukaryotic tree [21,22], we decided to root our eukaryotic phylogeny between unikonts (opisthokonts + Amoebozoa) and bikonts.
		It seems, therefore, that the eukaryotes, in terms of cytological innovations and fundamental body plans, are much less diverse than previously thought; the opposite view that emerged at the dawn of the molecular systematics era was strongly biased by LBA artifacts.
		Furthermore, the whole diversity of eukaryotes may even be reduced to a single basal bifurcation between unikonts and bikonts [22].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1741-7007/2/13 (5537 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Ema E.-Y.Chao, and Brian Oates; Molecular phylogeny of Amoebozoa and the evolutionary significance of the unikont Phalansterium.
		Note : The taxonomic position of the uniciliate, unicentriolar zooflagellate Phalansterium is problematic; its distinctive ultrastructure with a pericentriolar microtubular cone placed it in its own order and suggested phenotypic closeness to the eukaryote cenancestor.
		We argue that the ancestral amoebozoan was probably unikont and that the cenacestral eukaryote may have been also.
	www.nies.go.jp /chiiki1/protoz/refere/id4999/4944.htm (227 words)

	Photoreceptor for Curling Behavior in Peranema trichophorum and Evolution of Eukaryotic Rhodopsins -- Saranak and ...
		unikonts and bikonts evolved from a common eukaryote is consistent
		behavior evolved separately in the bikont and unikont lines.
		Chlamydomonas (13, 14, 15) and in the zoospore of the unikont
	ec.asm.org /cgi/content/full/4/10/1605 (5858 words)

	The phagotrophic origin of eukaryotes and phylogenetic classification of Protozoa -- Cavalier-Smith 52 (2): 297 -- ...
		I argue that the ancestral eukaryote was uniciliate with a
		single centriole (unikont) and a simple centrosomal cone of microtubules,
		unikont, and a vast ancestrally biciliate clade, named 'bikonts'.
	ijs.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/52/2/297 (1656 words)

	Young Systematist’s Forum of The Systematics Association
		Recently the eukaryote phylogeny was re-rooted using the DHFR-TS gene fusion character, moving the root from the amitochondrial-excavate branch (Trichomonas and Giardia) to between the unikonts (opisthokonts and Amoebozoa - DHFR and TS unfused) and the bikonts (Excavata, Cercozoa, Plantae and chromoalveolates - DHFR-TS fused).
		However, horizontal gene transfer (HGT), endosymbiont gene transfer (EGT) or hidden paralogy in the DHFR-TS gene families was not investigated.
		The DHFR-TS analyses did not support unikont or bikont monophyly but demonstrated the phylogenies were weakly supported with some evidence of HGT, EGT and ancient paralogues suggesting that the DHFR-TS fusion character may an unreliable evolutionary synamorphy.
	www.systass.org /ysf (6112 words)

	The Daily Transcript: Three Brief Papers on Nuclear Pore Complexes
		None are 100% conserved, yet two are very ancient and probably part of the ancestral NPC.
		Since both unikont and bikont nuclear membranes fall apart and reassemble after mitosis (with some exceptions) there must be some conserved (yet undiscovered) machinery that fuses the outer and inner nuclear membrane.
		Consistent with the concept of redundancy and robustness, NPCs appear not to rely on just a single anchor within the NE.
	scienceblogs.com /transcript/2006/05/three_brief_papers_on_nuclear.php (1153 words)

	The Tetrahymena Kinome
		That strongly suggested that yeast had lost many kinases, and some of these reflected yeast biology - loss of kinases involved in splicing and motility, for instance.
		Dicty, fungi and metazoans are all proposed members of the Unikont group, so Tetrahymena gives us our first view outside of this group, and cast light on an even earlier time in evolution.
		By comparing kinase subfamilies between organisms, we see that:
	kinase.com /tetrahymena (686 words)

	Omnibus
		Our jam is to verify whether the endocytic mechanisms comprising eisosomes as static site markers of initial membrane invagination is a widespread eukaryote feature.
		The unikont monophyly hypothesis will be tested by analysing multiple sequence alignments of endocytic orthologous proteins from divergent eukaryote taxa.
		Click here to see phylogenetic tree one and
	www.luigicibrario.co.uk (70 words)

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