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	Uniporter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A uniporter is an Integral Membrane Protein that is involved in facilitated diffusion.
		Uniporters are channels and may not utilize energy other than the solute gradient.
		Uniporters are involved in many biological processes, including impulse transmission in neurons.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Uniporter (269 words)

	Calcium uniporter tracked down (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The uptake of calcium by mitochondria, first observed in 1961, is thought to be via a uniporter — a membrane protein that mediates the transport of target ions without coupling it to the transport of any other molecule or ion.
		But the uniporter has defied purification or cloning, and it has not been clear whether it is a carrier or a channel.
		The putative calcium uniporter is open at very negative potentials, which makes it effective for Ca transport into energized mitochondria.
	www.nature.com /nature/links/040122/040122-9.html (154 words)

	Screening assays using intramitochondrial calcium - US Patent 6808873 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The low affinity of this rapid uniporter mechanism suggests that the primary uniporter function may be to lower cytosolic Ca in response to pathological elevation of cytosolic free calcium levels, which may result from ATP depletion and/or abnormal calcium influx across the plasma membrane (Gunter and Gunter, J. Bioenerg.
		In a further embodiment the gene encodes a mitochondrial calcium uniporter, and in a distinct further embodiment the gene is a transfected gene.
		The samples are contacted with a source of calcium cations and then assayed for a detectable signal generated by the calcium indicator molecule at a plurality of time points, and the signal generated from each sample in the presence of the candidate agent is compared to the signal generated in the absence of the agent.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6808873.html (12151 words)

	Ion Channel Literature - The mitochondrial calcium uniporter is a highly selective ion channel.
		This Ca2+ uptake is undertaken by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) located in the organelle's inner membrane.
		The uniporter passes Ca2+ down the electrochemical gradient maintained across this membrane without direct coupling to ATP hydrolysis or transport of other ions.
		Carriers are characterized by turnover numbers that are typically 1,000-fold lower than ion channels, and until now it has been unclear whether the MCU is a carrier or a channel.
	www.ionchannels.org /showabstract.php?pmid=14737170 (196 words)

	A novel regulatory mechanism of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter revealed by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase ...
		A novel regulatory mechanism of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter revealed by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor SB202190 -- MONTERO et al.
		The protein kinase sensitive to SB202190 and the associated phosphatase are both tentatively depicted as attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane.
		On phosphorylation of the Ca uniporter, its Ca affinity decreases and remains closed (left).
	www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/16/14/1955 (1313 words)

	Evidence that spermine, spermidine, and putrescine are transported electrophoretically in mitochondria by a specific ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Evidence that spermine, spermidine, and putrescine are transported electrophoretically in mitochondria by a specific polyamine uniporter.
		Polyamine transport is not mediated by the ornithine, lysine, or Ca2+ transporters of mitochondria.
		Flux-voltage analysis is consistent with the hypothesis that the mitochondrial polyamine transporter catalyzes transport via a channel mechanism.
	web.pdx.edu /~garlid/tdsg1992.html (226 words)

	FOCUS - February 6, 2004 - CELL BIOLOGY: One-way Calcium Channel Pinpointed Within the Cell
		It took Kirichok a year and plenty of patience, but when he made his first recording of the current flow through the channel, he knew right away it was not the one he had been seeking.
		The uniporter channels are liberally sprinkled throughout the inner membrane, which makes sense in light of other research that shows mitochondria absorb significant amounts of calcium locally at hot spots of activity in the cell.
		The uniporter channel sucks calcium into the mitochondria, which in true multitasking fashion both sequesters the calcium and bolsters the ATP production to fuel whatever cellular activity was triggered by the calcium release.
	focus.hms.harvard.edu /2004/Feb6_2004/cell_biology.html (956 words)

	ASCO - Abstracts - PubMed Abstract View (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Involvement of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter in cardioprotection by ischemic preconditioning.
		The objective of the present study was to determine whether the mitochondrial calcium uniporter plays a role in the cardioprotection induced by ischemic preconditioning (IPC).
		The cardioprotection induced by IPC was abolished by spermine (20 muM), an activator of the uniporter.
	www.asco.org /ac/1,1003,_12-002867-00_18-0016150463,00.asp?SearchNames= (423 words)

	CHAPTER 15 ANSWERS 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Uniporter are slower than channels because they mediate a more complicated process.
		The transported substrate both binds to the uniporter and elicits a conformational change in the transporter.
		The GLUT1 uniporter, the mammalian red blood cell glucose transporter, can be taken as a typical example.
	natsci.edgewood.edu /Biology402/chapter_15_answers.htm (646 words)

	[No title]
		The molecular identity of the uniporter and the factors modulating it are unknown.
		We found that regardless of the source or the kinetics of the Ca2+ increase, the uptake of mitochondrial Ca2+ was activated at much lower cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations than previously observed.
		This finding suggests that for intact cells the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake may be modulated by some factor that is not preserved in the isolated mitochondria or mitoplast preparations.
	www.ulb.ac.be /assoc/ecs/docs/poster_1_42.doc (257 words)

	Mitochondrial Transport of Cations: Channels, Exchangers, and Permeability Transition -- Bernardi 79 (4): 1127 -- ...
		The Ca uniporter is regulated by a number of modulators (inhibitors and activators), and this partly explains the wide variation
		A second class of inhibitors is represented by divalent cations that are themselves transported by the uniporter like Sr), Mn, Ba), and lanthanides (221).
		that activation of the uniporter by spermine (191, 239) is mediated
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/79/4/1127 (8617 words)

	AAAS \| Science's STKE \| pp. tw29
		The nature of the mitochondrial Ca uniporter that enables this uptake, however, has been unclear.
		Thus, the authors concluded that the MiCa channel functioned as the mitochondrial Ca uniporter.
		Kirichok, G. Krapivinsky, D. Clapham, The mitochondrial calcium uniporter is a highly selective ion channel.
	stke.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/sigtrans;2004/217/tw29 (240 words)

	Calcium Buffering Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		This dye is actually a mixture of compounds, penetrates cells poorly, and lacks specificity for the uniporter because it inhibits CICR and VGCC at similar concentrations.
		This study demonstrated sub-nanomolar affinity of Ru360 for the uniporter in isolated mitochondria, and a high degree of specificity.
		The second way to block Ca transport by the uniporter is by collapsing the membrane potential.
	www.tocris.com /calbuffrev.htm (2721 words)

	Mitochondrial Calcium Transients in Adult Rabbit Cardiac Myocytes: Inhibition by Ruthenium Red and Artifacts Caused by ...
		Accordingly, the goal of the present study was to determine whether the rapid mitochondrial Ca uptake observed by confocal microscopy during the contractile
		uniporter of the mitochondrial inner membrane mediates mitochondrial
		uniporter are kinetically competent to contribute to the close
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/79/1/39 (5863 words)

	uniporter - OneLook Dictionary Search
		We found 2 dictionaries with English definitions that include the word uniporter:
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "uniporter" is defined.
		uniporter : The On-line Medical Dictionary [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=uniporter (78 words)

	APStracts 8:0471J, 2001. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		When isolated mitochondria are exposed to high [Ca2+], Ca2+ enters the matrix via the uniporter and returns to the cytosol by Na+/Ca2+ exchange.
		We used ruthenium red and CGP 37157 to block uptake via the uniporter and release via Na+/Ca2+ exchange, respectively.
		As predicted by the Ca2+ recycling hypothesis, blocking the uniporter immediately following challenge with 200 ?M NMDA produced a rapid and transient increase in cytosolic Ca2+ without a corresponding increase in matrix Ca2+.
	www.uth.tmc.edu /apstracts/2001/jn/December/471j.html (299 words)

	Regulation of the Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uniporter by External Adenine Nucleotides: The Uniporter Behaves Like a Gated ...
		We have previously used measurements of uncoupler-enforced reverse activity to demonstrate that the mitochondrial Ca uniporter is strongly inhibited by external EGTA plus free Mg following a brief period of rapid activity.
		Using the same approach, we now show that in addition to divalent cations, the uniporter is regulated by external adenine nucleotides and by other components of the cytosol.
		Data are interpreted within the context of a model in which the uniporter is considered to be a gated channel that is controlled, in part, by specific external effector sites that accept divalent cations or nucleotides.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/bichaw/1997/36/i23/abs/bi970180y.html (372 words)

	Mitochondria and Neuronal Survival -- Nicholls and Budd 80 (1): 315 -- Physiological Reviews
		The inner mitochondrial membrane possesses a uniporter, which remains to be identified at a molecular level, able to transport
		In the presence of physiological concentrations of phosphate, an osmotically inactive Ca -phosphate complex forms in the matrix at a critical Ca loading (318), and the activity of the efflux pathway is found
		by activating the efflux pathway or inhibiting the uniporter.
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/80/1/315 (7819 words)

	Prokaryotic Cell Structure: The Cytoplasmic Membrane (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		(def) is the transport of substances across a membrane by transport proteins, such as uniporters and channel proteins, along a concentration gradient from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration.
		Facilitated diffusion is powered by the potential energy of a concentration gradient and does not require the expenditure of metabolic energy.
		Uniporter: Uniporters (def) are transport proteins that transport a substance from one side of the membrane to the other
	www.cat.cc.md.us /courses/bio141/lecguide/unit1/prostruct/cm.html (2112 words)

	Pathophysiological and protective roles of mitochondrial ion channels -- O'Rourke 529 (1): 23 -- The Journal of ...
		Since its kinetics and Mg sensitivity differ from the classical Ca uniporter, it is possible that this pathway involves a new type of Ca conductive ion channel.
		uniport in intact mitochondria by adenine nucleotides and nucleotide analogs.
		Litsky, M. and Pfeiffer, D. Regulation of the mitochondrial Ca uniporter by external adenine nucleotides: the uniporter behaves like a gated channel which is regulated by nucleotides and divalent cations.
	jp.physoc.org /cgi/content/full/529/1/23 (8220 words)

	Online Pharmacy, Tramadol, Paxil, antibiotics, amoxicillin, zithromax, Rx Online, pharmaceuticals, DHEA, prescription ...
		On the inhibition of the mitochondrial inner membrane anion uniporter by cationic amphiphiles and other drugs.
		Depleting the mitochondrial matrix of divalent cations with the ionophore A23187 activates a pH-sensitive, anion uniport pathway which can transport many anions normally regarded as impermeant (Beavis, A. D., and Garlid, K. Biol.
		Addition of valinomycin to respiring mitochondria can also induce the uptake of a wide variety of anions; however, the mechanism of anion transport during this "respiration-induced" swelling is less certain.
	www.hairmillion.com /rx-online-info/amitriptyline-online-rx/amitriptyline-online-rx.149.html (575 words)

	Inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter by the oxo-bridged dinuclear ruthenium amine complex (Ru360) prevents ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter by the oxo-bridged dinuclear ruthenium amine complex (Ru360) prevents from irreversible injury in postischemic rat heart -- de Jesús García-Rivas et al.
		Inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter by the oxo-bridged dinuclear ruthenium amine complex (Ru) prevents from irreversible injury in postischemic rat heart
		Keywords: calcium uniporter; mitochondria; permeability transition pore; reperfusion; Ru Abbreviations:
	content.febsjournal.org /cgi/content/abstract/272/13/3477 (250 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Transporters, die opgedeeld worden in drie gropen, vergemakkelijken de beweging van specifieke kleine moleculen of ionen.
		Uniporters transporteren een enkel soort molecule volgens zijn concentratie gradiënt (3a).
		Zowel de Na concentratie als de membraanpotentiaal worden gebruikt om de opname van glucose te drijven van het darmlumen door de twee-Na/één-glucose symporter gelokaliseerd in het apicale vlak membraan.
	1ebacharts.medica.be /files/celbiologie/les5.doc (355 words)

	Mitochondrial Calcium Transport in Simple and Model Organisms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		If too much Ca is taken up by mitochondria in the presence of oxygen free radicals, a large pore, called the permeability transition pore (PTP) opens in the mitochondrial inner membrane.
		uniporter and a PTP that opens to cause the release of AIF during cell death.
		uniporter activity was present in isolated Pea and artichoke mitochondria.
	filebox.vt.edu /p/pbradsha/www/research.html (783 words)

	Tramadol, buy tramadol, antibiotics, Weight Loss drugs, weight loss herbs, weight loss herbal formula, weight loss, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In the presence of malonate the depression of the membrane potential during Ca2+ uptake is more extensive and the rate of Ca2+ uptake slower.
		There were no discernible differences in the rates of efflux either after inhibition of the calcium uniporter by Ruthenium Red or by studying efflux of preloaded 45Ca-labeled Ca2+.
		It is concluded that the rebounding is due mainly to stimulation of the calcium uniporter.
	www.wellstreetpharmacy.com /ref-diltiazem/diltiazem-research-abs3.1313.html (488 words)

	Mitochondrial Ca2+ Buffering Regulates Synaptic Transmission Between Retinal Amacrine Cells -- Medler and Gleason 87 ...
		uniporter activity and preventing Ca uptake by the mitochondria.
		To quantify the role of mitochondria in buffering amacrine cell calcium loads, the peaks and durations of the Ca elevations in response to depolarization were measured and compared
		uniporter activity and shift the balance between uptake and release,
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/87/3/1426 (8633 words)

	ISS-jul03.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The buffering of cell Ca2+ is instead the sole role of numerous membrane intrinsic proteins, which bind Ca2+ at one side of the membrane, transport it across, and discharge it to the other side.
		Ca2+ released from the reticulum creates hotspots, which activate the low affinity electrophoretic uniporter of neighbouring mitochondria, rapidly accumulating Ca2+ in the matrix.
		Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, long considered unimportant in the regulation of cell Ca2+, has now come back forcefully as a powerful means to regulate Ca2+ in the cytosol, and, especially, in the matrix, where three important Ca2+-sensitive dehydrogenases are located.
	www.ambitalia.org.uk /ISS-Nov03.htm (797 words)

	Cell Membrane (cont.)
		An antiporter moves a small molecule outside the cell membrane during target molecule transport.
		A uniporter, binds and transports the target molecule only.
		Energy is required for these processes and the cell can accumulate molecules inside the cell using this mechanism.
	lecturer.ukdw.ac.id /dhira/BacterialStructure/memFunc.html (907 words)

	Full Article
		However, a direct effect of ADP on the Ca uniporter could not be excluded [25].
		-induced stimulatory effect was due to allosteric activation of the uniporter as a result of interaction of the cation with regulatory sites of the uniporter [15].
		This implies that the Ca release from yeast mitochondria was not due to induction of the pore or reversed activity of the Ca uniporter.
	protein.bio.msu.ru /biokhimiya/contents/v65/full/65121607.html (2052 words)

	Tramadol, buy tramadol, antibiotics, Weight Loss drugs, weight loss herbs, weight loss herbal formula, hair loss, hair ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is performed by an energy-driven Ca2+ uniporter with a Km of 20.9 +/- 3.2 microM and Vmax of 148.1 +/- 7.2 nmol 45Ca2+ min-1 mg-1.
		Nitrendipine at 20 microM modified neither the Km nor the Hill coefficient for Na+, whereas the Vmax was reduced to 2.9 nmol 45Ca2+ min-1 mg-1, thus demonstrating noncompetitive modulation of the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger.
		Ca2+ channel blockers inhibited the Na+/Ca2+ antiporter and displaced the specific binding of [3H]nitrendipine to intact mitochondria with Ki values similar to the IC50s obtained for the inhibition of the Ca2+ efflux.
	www.darwinpharmacy.com /ref-diltiazem/diltiazem-research-abs3.318.html (669 words)

	Wadsworth-Mitochondrial Conference 1998 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Since Ca2+ interaction with the Ca2+ uniporter is an obligatory prerequisite for mPT induction in the cultured cells, we hypothesized that under some circumstances the Ca2+ uniporter might be converted into the mPT pore.
		Thus, following Ca2+ challenge, the Ca2+ uniporter may be reversibly converted into a CsA-sensitive conductive pathway, depolarizing brain mitochondria.
		This pathway is activated independent of matrix calcium accumulation and may represent the mPT pore in a low conductance state.
	www.wadsworth.org /albcon98/abstract/dubinsky.htm (536 words)

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