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	Welcome to BillOfRights.com
		The United States Constitution and the Bill of Rights are some of the most remarkable documents every created; however, these documents, the rights they protect and the manner in which they are crafted, are not unique to the US.
		The drafters of the Constitution were not against a bill of rights; however, as they were drafting a document that would allow only certain enumerated rights to the central government, they simply didn’t see the need for guaranteed rights to be set out in the document.
		As part of the original Constitution, as it was envisioned to be a fluid document, that is, one that could, from time to time be amended, in fact, the drafters of the Constitution expressly included a provision in the Constitution allowing for amendments.
	www.billofrights.com (1146 words)

	Constitutional Amendments - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
		The second method prescribed is for a Constitutional Convention to be called by two-thirds of the legislatures of the States, and for that Convention to propose one or more amendments.
		Another example is the political process that has evolved in the United States: political parties, and their trappings (such as primaries and conventions) are not mentioned or contemplated in the Constitution, but they are fundamental to our political system.
		For example, before the Privacy Cases, it was perfectly constitutional for a state to forbid married couples from using contraception; for a state to forbid fls and whites to marry; to abolish abortion.
	www.usconstitution.net /constam.html (1116 words)

	World Almanac for Kids
		CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES, basic instrument of government and supreme law of the U.S. The Constitution was drafted by the Constitutional Convention of May 25–Sept. 17, 1787, and, following its ratification by conventions in two-thirds of the states, as provided in the Constitution, became effective in 1789.
		The Annapolis convention, in which James Madison and Alexander Hamilton were leading members, recommended to the 13 states that they send delegates to meet in another convention “to devise such further provisions as shall appear to them necessary to render the constitution of the federal government adequate to the exigencies of the Union.
		The state conventions of Delaware, New Jersey, and Georgia ratified the Constitution unanimously on Dec. 7 and 18, 1787, and Jan.
	www.worldalmanacforkids.com /explore/us_history/constitution.html (2121 words)

	annapolis convention - Article and Reference from OnPedia.com
		The Annapolis Convention was an Assembly of the Counties of Maryland that functioned as the colony's revolutionary government from 1774 to 1776.
		May 8-May 25, June 21-July 6, and August 14-November 11 The eighth session decided that the continuation of an ad-hoc government by the convention was not a good mechanism for all the concerns of the province.
		So, on July 3, 1776 they resolved that a new convention be elected that would be responsible for drawing up their first state constitution, one that did not refer to parliament or the king, but would be a government "...of the people only." After they set dates and prepared notices to the counties they adjourned.
	www.onpedia.com /encyclopedia/Annapolis-Convention (474 words)

	United States Constitution Research Guide
		Documentary History of the Constitution of the United States of America, 1786-1870; Derived from the Records, Manuscripts, and Rolls Deposited in the Bureau of Rolls and Library of the Department of State.
		The Federalist; a Commentary on the Constitution of the United States, Being a Collection of Essays Written in Support of the Constitution Agreed Upon September 17, 1787, by the Federal Convention...
		The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation...
	www.lib.jmu.edu /polisci/uscons.aspx (1804 words)

	Constitutional Topic: The Constitutional Convention - The U.S. Constitution Online - USConstitution.net
		Though the United States existed prior to the ratification of the Constitution, it was a nation held together by the tenuous threads of the Articles of Confederation, a sometimes contentious, and often ineffectual national government.
		The states were under no obligation to pay their fair share of the national budget; they violated international treaties with abandon; they ran roughshod over the authority of the Congress; and they violated each other's rights incessantly.
		Swayed by arguments that the provision was simply not palatable, that state laws would be held in check by the state and national courts, and the prospect of the national legislature being forced to review the legislation of 13 states (not to mention 50), a vote to remove the provision passed.
	www.usconstitution.net /consttop_ccon.html (5199 words)

	Constitutional Convention - Picture - MSN Encarta
		Under the Articles of Confederation, the federal government was too weak to govern the states.
		After several proposals for reform, the Constitutional Convention met in Philadelphia in 1787 to write the document that still forms the basis of the United States government.
		The new Constitution delegated extensive powers to the central government, but reserved many powers for the individual states.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461556717/Constitutional_Convention.html (82 words)

	Ben's Guide (6-8): The Constitution
		A convention of delegates from all the states except Rhode Island met in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in May of 1787.
		On September 17, 1787, the Constitution of the United States was finally accepted by the delegates.
		Nine states had to vote for the Constitution for it to be accepted.
	bensguide.gpo.gov /6-8/documents/constitution/index.html (362 words)

	Constitution of the United States - Official
		The Federal Convention convened in the State House (Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on May 14, 1787, to revise the Articles of Confederation.
		Because the delegations from only two states were at first present, the members adjourned from day to day until a quorum of seven states was obtained on May 25.
		Read remarks issued at the ceremony by John W. Carlin, Archivist of the United States, and Dr. Michael Beschloss.
	www.archives.gov /national-archives-experience/charters/constitution.html (263 words)

	THE PRESIDENT'S CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT MILITARY OPERATIONS AGAINST TERRORISTS AND NATIONS SUPPORTING THEM
		United States, 334 U.S. Nor is the authority to protect national security limited to actions necessary for "victories in the field." Application of Yamashita, 327 U.S. The authority over national security "carries with it the inherent power to guard against the immediate renewal of the conflict." Id.
		Given the President's constitutional powers to respond to national emergencies caused by attacks on the United States, and given also that section 2(c)(3) of the WPR does not attempt to define those powers, we think that that provision must be construed simply as a recognition of, and support for, the President's pre-existing constitutional authority.
		We of course understand that terrorist organizations and their state sponsors operate by secrecy and concealment, and that it is correspondingly difficult to establish, by the standards of criminal law or even lower legal standards, that particular individuals or groups have been or may be implicated in attacks on the United States.
	www.usdoj.gov /olc/warpowers925.htm (10388 words)

	The Constitutional Convention
		STATES, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
		The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States, or any of them.
		A person, charged in any State with treason, felony, or other crime, who shall flee from justice, and be found in another State, shall, on demand of the executive authority of the State form which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having jurisdiction of the crime.
	www.kidport.com /RefLib/UsaHistory/AmericanRevolution/Constitution.htm (2938 words)

	Liberty Library of Constitutional Classics
		New Views of the Constitution of the United States, John Taylor (1823) — A discourse on the constitutional nature of the American union reflecting views of Jefferson and Madison.
		The American Republic: its Constitution, Tendencies, and Destiny, O. Brownson (1866) — Argument against secession, distinguishes the constitution of government from the underlying constitution of the society, and territorial from socialistic or egoistic democracy.
		The Evolution of the Constitution of the United States, Sydney George Fisher (1897).
	www.constitution.org /liberlib.htm (3707 words)

	W.O. Smith - Delegate to the Alaska Constitutional Convention
		Until patent is issued, however, all the lands within the state boundaries, I should say with the exception of submerged and tidal lands, will still be the property of the United States and will still be subject to any reservations that the federal government might want to impose.
		The one purpose of this convention is to draft a workable constitution for the state of Alaska.
		Over the basic contents of the constitution there can be a clear cut division of authority 'between the executive, legislative and judicial branches of government, for it is such basic principles that have made it possible for our form of government to endure.
	www.alaska.edu /creatingalaska/convention/delegates/smith.xml (1011 words)

	United States History - Constitutional Convention
		George Washington wrote of the period between the Treaty of Paris and the writing of the Constitution that the states were united only by a "rope of sand."Disputes between Maryland and Virginia over navigation on the Potomac River led to a conference of representatives of five states at Annapolis, Maryland, in 1786.
		The state legislatures sent leaders with experience in colonial and state governments, in Congress, on the bench and in the army.
		The Convention had been authorized merely to draft amendments to the Articles of Confederation but, as Madison later wrote, the delegates, "with a manly confidence in their country," simply threw the Articles aside and went ahead with the building of a wholly new form of government.
	countrystudies.us /united-states/history-37.htm (549 words)

	Constitutional Convention and Great Compromise
		The new United States was on the verge of collapse due to a lack of monetary funds, and a series of rebellions.
		To quell the rising tide of state sovereignty (independence), The Virginia Plan would authorize the national government to have direct authority over American citizens, as well as to negate any state laws that were not deemed in the best interest of the United States.
		Although wealthy and powerful citizens in many states were reluctant to lend support to the Constitution because they would be relinquishing some powers, influential officials such as Benjamin Franklin and George Washington voiced their support for the Constitution which helped sway popular opinion.
	www.mrnussbaum.com /history/conc.htm (720 words)

	CongressLink: [U.S. Constitution] A Mock Constitutional Convention
		Students will conduct research in the role of one of the delegates to the Philadelphia Convention and then participate in civil discourse as the delegates might have 200+ years ago using the principles of parliamentary procedure.
		Before commencing work on the Mock Convention, it is important that the students have a working knowledge of the history that shaped the framing of the Constitution.
		Their job is to discover what that person might have said about the main issues discussed at the Philadelphia Convention and then play that person at the Mock Convention.
	www.congresslink.org /print_lp_mockconvention.htm (1730 words)

	State Bar of Texas \| President's Opinion
		When there is debate concerning the Constitution and laws, lawyers necessarily will be involved; indeed, 34 of 55 delegates to the United States Constitutional Convention were lawyers.
		In our constitutional system, based on the rule of law, the courts are the means by which we resolve disputes.
		We must remember that the system of justice we all cherish is based upon the rule of our constitutional laws and that, for this system to work, citizens must have plaintiff and defense lawyers representing parties through the judicial system.
	www.texasbar.com /Template.cfm?Section=Texas_Bar_Journal1&Template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=9184 (591 words)

	The Avalon Project : Amendments to the Constitution Proposed by the Hartford Convention, 1814.
		Amendments to the Constitution Proposed by the Hartford Convention, 1814.
		Resolved.-That the following amendments of the Constitution of the United States, be recommended to the States as aforesaid, to be proposed by them for adoption by the State Legislatures, and, in such cases as may be deemed expedient, by a Convention chosen by the people of each State.
		Second.-No new State shall be admitted into the union by Congress in virtue of the power granted by the Constitution, without the concurrence of two-thirds of both Houses.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/amerdoc/hartconv.htm (405 words)

	National Park Service: A Multitude of Amendments, Alterations and Additions
		The delegates to the Federal Convention were sent to the State House to redress the deficiencies of the then current government under the Articles of Confederation.
		The Convention adjourned until August 6th, when the Committee of Detail would submit their report, which would ultimately be used as a guide for the final draft of the Constitution.
		Immediately after the Constitution was signed and the injunction on secrecy lifted, Convention delegates sent copies of the document to friends and fellow statesman.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/dube/inde4.htm (1928 words)

	Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States by Howard Chandler Christy (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Not much is known about the story behind the Christy painting of the Signing of the Constitution (on 17 September 1787) despite the fact that it is conventionally acclaimed as the best single picture ever created of the American Founding.
		During the proceedings of the Convention the curtains were drawn in order to enhance the agreement on secrecy.
		Madison, Hamilton, G. Morris, and Wilson are clearly the architects of the Constitution as far as Christy is concerned, and this portrait certainly captures a central sense of American self-understanding.
	teachingamericanhistory.org /convention/christy-about.html (1937 words)

	Constitutional Convention
		This meeting came to be called the Constitutional Convention after it was decided that an entire new document was needed.
		Large groups representing large states should realize that it would be to their advantage to have representation based on population; small states will see that they may be outvoted every-time unless they have an equal number of representatives in Congress.
		Southern states are going to want to keep their slaves and count them as part of the population; northern states are not going to want slaves to count as population.
	www.uen.org /Lessonplan/preview?LPid=661 (835 words)

	Boi From Troy » New Tactic Against Marriage Equality (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Standing in the face of failure before the United States Congress, opponents of Marriage Equality have adopted a new tactic: going to each of the individual states to call for a Constitutional Convention.
		In California, the Secretary of State reports that Marriage Equality opponents have filed the “California Defense of Marriage Convention Call” with the Attorney General on March 17.
		Such call shall be for a Convention with the same authority and rules as the original founding Convention and shall be valid for a period of seven years once made.
	boifromtroy.com /?p=2021 (599 words)

	Documents from the Continental Congress and the Constitutional Convention, 1774-1789 - To Form a More Perfect Union: ...
		On July 26, 1787, after two months of fierce debate over the structure and powers of a new federal government, the Constitutional Convention was ready to commit its resolutions to writing.
		After five weeks of debate over the committee of detail's draft Constitution, the Constitutional Convention appointed a committee of style to prepare a final version; Gouverneur Morris, later known as the "penman of the Constitution," did most of the work.
		The States have been in such a flutter about the New, that they have hardly paid attention to the old Government." On July 2, 1788, Congress received the momentous news that New Hampshire had just become the ninth state to ratify the new Constitution, making it the law of the land.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/collections/continental/constit.html (658 words)

	Alexander Hamilton Papers (Library of Congress)
		Copyright Status: The status of copyright in the unpublished writings of Alexander Hamilton is governed by the Copyright Law of the United States (Title 17, U.S.C.).
		In the area of foreign affairs, the relationship of the United States with France and commercial ties with Great Britain were matters of vital concern to the country.
		Although many of the papers show Hamilton's involvement in the routine operations of the army, his correspondence, much of it with James McHenry, detail the problems inherent in recruiting and organizing regiments, supply logistics, and conditions at the forts, particularly in the western regions of the country.
	www.loc.gov /rr/mss/text/hamiltona.html (1942 words)

	Buy Notes of Debates in the Federal Convention of 1787 Reported by James Madison by United States Constitutional ...
		Decision in Philadelphia: The Constitutional Convention of 1787
		It's an excellent study tool to understand the framing of the United States Constitution, and follow the debates and see how the document was shaped and who influenced it.
		The problem I have with modern constitutional historiography is that it does accurately portray the purpose of the Convention or its power and authority, hence the Federalist Papers and Madison's notes are overvalued windows to original intent, while the subsequent state ratifying conventions are ignored.
	www.mircscripts.com /shop/0393304051/Notes_of_Debates_in_the_Federal_Convention_of_1787_Reported_by_James_Madison.html (463 words)

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