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Topic: Universal Postal Union

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	ICANN \| .post New sTLD RFP Application (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This universal postal environment is not just the operating environment and regulations of the postal community, managed and regulated under UPU guidelines, it is also the Universal Service Obligation and mandate from the United Nations to ensure that all people have affordable, secure and reliable access to postal services, physical or electronic.
		According to the UPU Financial Regulations, adopted by the CA, the accountability of the Union must be verified by an external Auditor appointed by the Swiss Government, whose reports are then submitted to the CA for approval.
		UPU members and their DPOs are currently working to bridge the digital divide by combining traditional physical mail services with new electronic services in order to provide a framework of hybrid communications within a trusted environment.
	www.icann.org /tlds/stld-apps-19mar04/post.htm (7575 words)

	Universal Postal Union - Wikipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Universal Postal Union (UPU) a international organization that coordinates postal policies between member nations, and hence the world-wide postal system.
		Prior to the UPU, a country would have to have a separate postal treaty for each country that it wished to carry international mail to or from.
		The UPU is the oldest international organization and was created in 1874, under the name "General Postal Union," as a result of the Treaty of Berne[?] signed on October 9, 1874.
	wikipedia.findthelinks.com /up/UPU.html (123 words)

	Universal Postal Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Among the principles governing its operation as set forth in the Universal Postal Convention and the General Regulations, two of the most important were the formation of a single territory by all signatory nations for the purposes of postal communication and uniformity of postal rates and units of weight.
		A first attempt to establish some general principles governing international postal service was made at an international conference in Paris in 1863; previously, international postal exchange had been regulated by a plethora of bilateral agreements.
		The union actually came into effect on July 1, 1875; the name was changed to Universal Postal Union at the second congress in 1878.
	www.unpi.com /upu.html (308 words)

	Summary of Application of Universal Postal Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Universal Postal Union’s (“UPU”) application requests the.post TLD, which is a tightly restricted namespace for the construction of trustworthy messaging applications.
		The UPU's stated mission is to "promote communication between the people of the world." The UPU claims the postal services of its 189 member countries form the largest physical distribution network in the world.
		The UPU is a specialized agency of the United Nations with a mission to promote and develop communication between the people of the world.
	www.icann.org /tlds/report/post1.html (1225 words)

	Universal Postal Union: Universal Postal Convention, and Final Protocol; Detailed Regulations; Provisions regarding Air ...
		Postal Administrations may come to an understanding about the language to be used for official correspondence in their relations with one another.
		Member-Countries of the Union, or their postal Administrations if the legislation of the Countries permits, may establish restricted Unions and make special Agreements concerning the international postal service provided always that they do not introduce provisions less favourable to the public than those laid down in the Acts to which they are parties.
		The Union is brought into relation with the United Nations in accordance with the terms of the Agreement signed at Paris on 4 July 1947, the text of which is annexed to the present Convention.
	www.austlii.edu.au /au/other/dfat/treaties/1954/14.html (14790 words)

	Universal Postal Union
		Laura Pastor is right when she says that the stamp which you stick on an envelop serves to pay the mailman, but it also pays for the postal service in your country, the carrier which will take it to its destination and the postal service in the receiving country, incluing the mailman in Santiago.
		The distribution of postal receipts between the various postal services of the sender country, the country of destination, the countries of transit as well as the carriers.
		Through the UPU, postal service is provided on a truly universal scale, conveying messages to and from citizens wherever they may be, whether in urban business centers or in the remotest corners of the planet.
	www.un.org /Pubs/ourlives/upu.htm (765 words)

	UNIVERSAL POSTAL UNION - UPU (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Universal Postal Union is a specialized agency of the United Nations, established in Berne, Switzerland in 1874.
		He opened the debate by noting that although postal services are commercial or aiming to be commercial services that many developing countries still regard basic services of the post as their lifeline to the wider world.
		The postal service is not immune from the type of competition supported by GATS, that is, the actual presence of foreign investment entities within national borders alongside; or indeed in some cases, replacing local entities.
	www.nalis.gov.tt /Socio_economic/socioecon_UN_UPU.html (455 words)

	Cover Pages: Universal Postal Union Publishes Approved International Address Standard UPU S42-1.
		The [UPU S42-1] standard is based upon a comprehensive list of name and address elements that originated in the work of the European standardization organization CEN, which has an agreement with the UPU to work together on postal standards.
		Postal address components: [as described in Section 5] the standard defines the decomposition of a postal address specification into segments, constructs and elements...
		The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is the specialized institution of the United Nations that regulates the universal postal service.
	xml.coverpages.org /ni2003-06-17-a.html (2323 words)

	Universal Postal Union
		The Universal Postal Union is a specialized agency of the United Nations, united in a single postal territory for the reciprocal exchange of correspondence.
		In 2003 the Universal Postal Union counted as members 189 countries and territories, forming the largest distribution network in the world.
		The stamps have the inscriptions: Helvetia and Union postale universelle and may be used for the correspondence only by the officials working for the UPU in Berne.
	www.artonstamps.org /Magazine/UPU/upu.htm (299 words)

	1994 Congress of the Universal Postal Union
		The basic Act of the UPU is its constitution, which was adopted in 1964.
		It was also intended to reflect the growing trend for postal administration to be granted commercial independence and addressed the diverging needs of regulators and operators in the industry.
		In the context of guaranteed universal delivery of post the day after posting, and with liberalisation in the EU, there is a danger other operators will come in here and cherrypick.
	www.irlgov.ie /committees-02/c-publicenterprise/020213/Page1.htm (3359 words)

	Universal Postal Union > About us >> History
		But the scope of their decisions was limited and they were not able to settle on an international postal agreement.
		He drew up a plan for an international postal union, and at his suggestion, the Swiss Government convened an international conference in Bern on 15 September 1874.
		Membership in the Union grew so quickly during the following three years that its name was changed to the Universal Postal Union in 1878.
	www.upu.int /about_us/en/history.html (426 words)

	125th Anniversary of the Universal Postal Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		On October 9, 1874 the Treaty of Berne, establishing the "General Postal Union" was signed by the representatives of twenty two nations.
		Within the single postal territory the freedom of transit of letter post item was guaranteed and multitude of rates for mail were reduced to a single rate.
		Membership in the Union grew so quickly that the name was changed to the Universal Postal Union in 1878.
	www.pakpost.gov.pk /philately/stamps99/Anniversary_of_the_upu.html (109 words)

	The Cover Pages: Universal Postal Union Publishes UPU S42 International Address Standard
		The Universal Postal Union (UPU) international address standard, International Postal Address Components and Templates, designated as UPU S42, has now been published, having been approved for publication and further testing by the UPU Standards Board in November 2002.
		The S42 standard was developed in the UPU POST*Code group under the leadership of Guy Goudet and in its technical committee led by Ruth Jones of USPS.
		The standard can be obtained from the UPU only by ordering the complete set of UPU standards, which costs 400 Swiss francs for a one time distribution either on hard copy or CD-ROM, or 750 Swiss francs for an initial distribution and a one year subscription to receive updates that are normally issued quarterly.
	xml.coverpages.org /Lubenow-UPUS42.html (1574 words)

	Universal Postal Union > Resources >> POST*CODE®
		The postcode is the fundamental, essential element of an address.
		A unique, universal identifier, it unambiguously identifies the addressee's locality and assists in the transmission and sorting of mail items.
		At present, 117 UPU member countries use postcodes as part of their addressing systems.
	www.upu.int /post_code/en/postcodes.html (44 words)

	Universal Postal Union - Convention - 1885
		They also apply, as far as regards conveyance within the Union, to the exchange by post of the articles above mentioned between the countries of the Union and countries foreign to the Union, whenever the services of two of the Contracting Parties at least are used for that exchange.
		In case of disagreement between two or more members of the Union as to the interpretation of the present Convention, or as to the responsibility of an Administration in case of the loss of a registered article, the question in dispute is decided by arbitration.
		Peru, Salvador, Servia and Turkey which form part of the Postal Union, not having sent representatives to the Congress, the Protocol remains open for them to adhere to the Conventions which have been concluded by it, or only to one or other of them.
	www.alohaquest.com /archive/postal-convention_1885.htm (1956 words)

	Universal Postal Union - Search Results - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Universal Postal Union - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Universal Postal Union, a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN), consisting of 189 member states and territories united in a single postal...
		International Astronomical Union, organization designed to promote, safeguard, and coordinate the science of astronomy through international...
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Universal_Postal_Union.html (126 words)

	U.S. Proposals for 2004 Universal Postal Union Congress
		Through this proposal, the UPU would apply the experience over the past five years to all classes of mail and to all administrations — at least to all those where such performance measurement is viable — starting with high-volume administrations.
		Moreover, the study on results-based budgeting and results-based management methodologies and their potential use in the planning activities of the Union have led to an increasing awareness that such methodologies are of the utmost importance in helping to foster a growing and necessary focus on results.
		Action by the UPU is urgently needed to narrow this gap to resolve the day-to-day practical problems in the exchange of international mail that this situation has engendered.
	www.state.gov /p/io/ipp/usgdoc/puc/43124.htm (11175 words)

	The Avalon Project : A Decade of American Foreign Policy - Convention on Universal Postal Union, Revision of July 5, ...
		The Union shall be brought into relationship with the United Nations in accordance with the terms of the Agreement the text of which is annexed to the present Convention.
		The Postal Administrations of the countries of the Union, draw up, by mutual agreement, in the form of Regulations of Execution, the measures of order and detail necessary for the execution of the Convention and the Agreements.
		In the case of disagreement between two or more members of the Union as to the interpretation of the Convention and Agreements, as well as their Regulations of Execution, or as to the responsibility imposed upon an Administration by the application of those Acts, the question in dispute is settled by arbitration.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/decade/decad041.htm (2963 words)

	3.12 Universal Postal Union (UPU) - ANACOM
		This intergovernmental organisation took on its current designation, Universal Postal Union (UPU), in 1878, and in 1948 was constituted as a specialised agency of the United Nations.
		In October 2002, the UPU held a Strategy conference whose aim was to gather postal market leaders at regulatory and operational level and allow the participation of all interested parties, to discuss possible postal sector strategies for the coming decade.
		The process of ratifying the Final Acts of the 22nd Congress of the Universal Postal Union (UPU), held in Beijing in 1999, is under way, as they were submitted by ICP-ANACOM to the Ministry of the Economy and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 2002.
	www.icp.pt /template12.jsp?categoryId=90209 (441 words)

	WAITRO.org - Resources - The Universal Postal Union, UPU
		With 189 member countries, the UPU is the primary vehicle for co-operation among the world’s postal services, which provide a truly universal network of up-to-date postal products and services.
		Upon admission to the Union, new member countries are free to choose one of ten contribution classes raging from one to 50 units.
		National postal service providers are among a country’s major employers and, as such, are large contributors to the economy through the purchase of goods and services.
	www.waitro.org /modules/wfsection/article.php?articleid=34 (386 words)

	United Nations Honors Universal Postal Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The UPU, formed in Berne, Switzerland in 1874 when 22 countries combined forces to simplify rates and movement of mail between member nations, is a modern institution with a proud history and tradition as well as an enviable record of accomplishment.
		What probably accents the work of the UPU has been its remarkable ability to cope with change in its 125 years as the world's largest physical distribution network.
		Today, the UPU serves the world as a specialized agency of the United Nations which it has been since July 1, 1948.
	www.psestamp.com /articles/article1315.chtml (495 words)

	SSRN-Competition in International Postal Markets: Should the Universal Postal Union's Anti-Remail Provisions Be ...
		The Universal Postal Union (UPU) is the governing body that provides the framework for agreements in international postal markets.
		The UPU Congress in 1999 and 2004 will attempt to reform some key international agreements related to remail and terminal dues.
		The private postal carriers argue that UPU's anti-remail provisions are anti-competitive and deny consumers the benefit of higher quality services.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=236681 (346 words)

	FRANK'S COMPULSIVE GUIDE TO POSTAL ADDRESSES
		Postal codes, in countries that have them, are usually numeric, sometimes containing a space or a hyphen.
		The Universal Postal Union recommends that the ISO Alpha-2 Country Code be used for international mail, and that the country code prefix be omitted on domestic mail (e.g.
		Prior to 1991 (the union of DDR and the Bundesrepublik), the prefixes for the 4-digit codes were "D-" (for the Federal Republic (West)), and "DDR-" (for the Democratic Republic (East)).
	www.columbia.edu /kermit/postal.html (11631 words)

	Universal Postal Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Universal Postal Union establishes international regulations for postal services, provides technical assistance and promotes cooperation in postal matters.
		UPAEP - Postal Union of the Americas, Spain and Portugal
		Universal Postal Union - Union Postale Universelle - Weltpostverein
	www.crwflags.com /fotw/flags/uno-upu.html (122 words)

	Australian Treaties Library - Subject - Universal Postal Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Universal Postal Union: Second Additional Protocol to the Constitution of 10 July 1964; General Regulations, and Final Protocol; Universal Postal Convention, Final Protocol, and Detailed Regulations; Postal Parcels Agreement, Final Protocol, and Detailed Regulations [1977] ATS 5
		Universal Postal Union: Additional Protocol to the Constitution of 10 July 1964; General Regulations, and Final Protocol; Universal Postal Convention, Final Protocol and Detailed Regulations; Postal Parcels Agreement, Final Protocol and Detailed Regulations [1971] ATS 18
		Universal Postal Union: Constitution, and Final Protocol; General Regulations, and Final Protocol; Convention, and Final Protocol; Detailed Regulations; Agreement concerning Postal Parcels, and Final Protocol; Detailed Regulations, and Final Protocol [1966] ATS 2
	www.austlii.edu.au /au/other/dfat/subjects/Universal_Postal_Union.html (239 words)

	125th Anniversary of the Universal Postal Union
		In many cases it was possible to use a variety of possible routes, each of which had its own peculiar tariff, regulations and restrictions.
		As early as the Paris Congress of 1863 an attempt was made to devise a standard, uniform text for such postal conventions, but there was very little laid down to act as an example of what was needed, apart from the postal union of German States.
		It was signed by 32 representatives of 21 of the countries: France, despite having participated in the negotiations, did not sign immediately because of political and economic problems, but joined the Union six months later.
	www.aasfn.sm /1999/inglese99/philatelic99/upu_en.htm (348 words)

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