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	Transverse Mercator projection - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, in a Transverse Mercator projection, the cylinder is rotated 90° (transverse) relative to the equator so that projected surface is aligned with a meridian (or line of longitude) rather than the equator, as is the case with the regular Mercator projection.
		In both the regular and transverse form of the Mercator projection, there is very little distortion of scale in the narrow region near where the projected surface is tangent, or secant, to the sphere or ellipsoid representing the Earth.
		The spherical form of the Transverse Mercator projection, which uses a sphere to represent the Earth, was first presented by Johann Heinrich Lambert in 1772.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transverse_Mercator_projection (473 words)

	Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection system is a grid-based method of specifying locations on the surface of the Earth.
		The UTM system is not a map projection, but rather employs a series of zones based on specifically defined Transverse Mercator projections.
		Each of the 60 longitude zones in the UTM system are the basis of a Transverse Mercator projection, which is capable of mapping a region of greater north-west extent with a low amount of distortion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Universal_Transverse_Mercator (1018 words)

	Encyclopedia: Geodesy
		A transverse Mercator projection is a map projection similar to the Mercator projection in that it is a projection of Earth on a tangent cylinder by rays radial with respect to the cylinder.
		Some university institutes engaged in geodesy include: A professor giving a lecture at the Helsinki University of Technology A university is an institution of higher education and of research, which grants academic degrees.
		Faculty of Geodesy and Geoinformatics, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Geodesy (5930 words)

	Wilderness Camping 'How To' Section, Mapping, UTM Acronym Origin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Transverse simply refers to turning the cylinder 90 degrees so that the line of contact between the paper and the globe is through the poles, rather than along the equator.
		Mercator was born Gerhard Kremer, the son of a poor cobbler in Rupelmonde, Flanders, (now Belgium, near Antwerp) in 1512, then lived with a rich uncle in the small town of Gangelt.
		Mercator was a victim of the Inquisition, accused of heresy against the Catholic church in 1544, probably in part for his Protestant beliefs, as well as what was thought to be suspicious activity from wide travels in search of data for his maps.
	www.paddles.com /users/wildcamp/utmnym.html (1455 words)

	Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		What a transverse mercator projection does, in effect, is orient the ‘equator’ north-south (through the poles), thus providing a north-south oriented swath of little distortion.
		To eliminate the necessity for using negative numbers to describe a location, the east-west origin (you may hear this referred to as the zone’s ‘false origin’) is placed 500,000 meters west of the central meridian (roughly 0.5° west of the zone boundary).
		UTM coordinates are typically given with the zone first, then the easting, then the northing.
	www.cs.nmsu.edu /~jbj/index_auxil/idaho_virtual_campus/utm.htm (621 words)

	SDTS: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Universal Transverse Mercator Grid System (UTM) provides rectangular coordinates that may be used to indicate locations of points on the surface of the Earth.
		UTM involves linear measurements, and the unit of measure is the meter.
		UTM is designed for world use between 80 degrees south latitude and 84 degrees north latitude.
	mcmcweb.er.usgs.gov /sdts/SDTS_standard_nov97/part1an3.html (2409 words)

	Map Projection
		The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection is a derivative of the Mercator projection which was developed by Gerardus Mercator in the 1500s.
		In both the Mercator and Transverse Mercator projections, the earth is represented on a flat surface by placing a cylinder around the earth.
		The UTM projection is broken down into zones each of which is 6° of longitude wide with Zone 1 beginning at 180° west longitude and covering the 6° to 174° west longitude.
	www.for.gov.bc.ca /dfn/utm.htm (504 words)

	Transverse Mercator projection
		However, in a transverse Mercator projection, the cylinder is tangent at some meridian rather than at the equator.
		In the universal transverse Mercator projection, the Earth is divided into 60 zones limited by meridians, each spanning six degrees of longitude.
		The universal transverse Mercator is convenient because no point is far from the center meridian of its zone, so that distortions inside zones are small.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/transverse_mercator_projection (379 words)

	Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) and Military Grid Reference System (MGRS) – FMNH
		UTM zone characters are letters which designate 8 degree zones extending north and south from the equator.
		UTM Zone 32 has been widened to 9° (at the expense of zone 31) between latitudes 56° and 64° (band V) to accommodate southwest Norway.
		UTM zone number and zone character are used to identify an area 6 degrees in east-west extent and 8 degrees in north-south extent.
	www.fmnh.helsinki.fi /map/afe/E_utm.htm (1020 words)

	Geometry Glossary
		The angular distance on the Earth, or on a globe or map, east or west of the prime meridian at Greenwich, England to the point on the Earth's surface for which the longitude is being ascertained, expressed in degrees, or in hours, minutes and seconds.
		The Mercator (MERC) map projection, sometimes referred to as the Plain Mercator, is made from the centre of the Earth onto a cylinder surrounding and touching it at the Equator.
		The Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS) map projection is a special case polar aspect of the azimuthal stereographic projection, which is based upon projections to a plane tangent to the Earth's surface.
	envisat.esa.int /dataproducts/asar/CNTR5-5.htm (3295 words)

	The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Grid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Transverse Mercator maps are created by projecting the Earth sphere onto a cylinder tangent to a central meridian.
		In the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid the surface of the Earth is divided into zones, each identified by a number and letter (see figure).
		Mercator projections are often used for marine navigation UTM maps are often used to portray areas with larger north-south than east-west extent.
	www.soc.soton.ac.uk /bilko/envisat/tutorial/t_html/pop/coords_utm.html (203 words)

	All About Maps : Grid Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Points that fall between the marked UTM grid lines can be accurately located by using the 1000 metre scale bar found at the bottom of the map.
		UTM lines are marked on the margins of United States Geological Survey, or USGS, topographic quadrangle maps as small, blue tick marks with numbers beside them.
		The military grid reference system is very similar to the civilian UTM system, but avoids UTM's cumbersome long strings of numbers by using a rectangular grid with, on 1:500,000 scale and larger maps, two digit numbered rows and columns.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /allaboutmaps/aaMaps_M3_grid_Z.htm (493 words)

	* Projection - (GIS): Definition
		The Canadian landmass extends from UTM Zone 7 in the west to UTM Zone 22 in the east...
		Mercator's projection was created (by Mercator) by essentially wrapping a cylinder around the equator and then projecting lines of latitude onto the cylinder according to a mathematical formula (a projection)...
		UTM Coordinate System, based on the Universal Transverse Mercator map projection, is a planar locational reference system which provides positional descriptions accurate to 1 meter in 2,500 across the entire earth's surface except the poles...
	en.mimi.hu /gis/projection.html (1160 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		UTM is the standard projection used by US State and Federal governments for mapping.
		A Transverse Mercator projection uses a cylinder which touches the earth along a chosen line of longitude, and thus is at right angles to the spin axis (or transverse).
		The Universal Transverse Mercator projection, adopted by the US Army and other government agencies, divides the earth into 120 zones, each of which has a designated central longitude.
	globec.whoi.edu /globec-dir/CTD/soglobec.grid.txt (1529 words)

	UTM, Universal Transverse Mercator coordinates; How to Read.
		The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid is most appropriate for scales of 1:250,000 and larger.
		For example, you might readily use the UTM grid while hiking to report the location of an emergency by cellular phone to 9-1-1 or to record the location of a favorite campsite or trailhead.
		The UTM grid is of particular interest to anyone using a GPS receiver because most models offer UTM as a coordinate system option.
	www.poly-electronic.ch /dok-gps/utm-ccordinates.htm (883 words)

	Transverse Mercator Projections and U.S. Geological Survey Digital Products
		The UTM projection and grid were adopted by the U.S. Army in 1947 for designating rectangular coordinates on large-scale maps for the entire world.
		The UTM is a Transverse Mercator to which specific parameters, such as standard central meridians, have been applied (Snyder, 1987, p.
		Transverse Mercator would not really be used for areas as large as those shown in figure 6, but the exaggerations caused by the large area illustrate several things about the relationships between USGS quadrangle maps, the graticule, and plane coordinate systems:
	topomaps.usgs.gov /drg/mercproj (2897 words)

	SCO Web: Regional Coordinate Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Based on both the Lambert conformal conic and transverse Mercator projections, State Plane Coordinate systems were developed for every state such that there would be no more than one foot of distortion in every 10,000 feet of distance (on the ellipsoid).
		The transverse Mercator projection varies in scale in an east-west direction (Figure 3), making it most suitable for areas primarily extending north and south.
		The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection and coordinate system was developed by the Department of Defense for military purposes and is a global coordinate system.
	feature.geography.wisc.edu /sco/pubs/wiscoord/regional.php (946 words)

	GIS Notes - Part 4
		Transverse Mercator is a transverse form of the Mercator cylindrical projection.
		This is similar to the Mercator projection except that the axis of the projection cylinder is rotated 90 degrees from the vertical (polar) axis.
		Transverse Mercator also loses the straight rhumb lines, but it is a conformal projection.
	www.forestry.umt.edu /academics/courses/for503/olddir/part4.htm (3178 words)

	Universal Transverse Mercator(UTM) Grid, Fact Sheet 077-10 (August 2001)
		The Universal Transverse Mercator grid that covers the conterminous 48 United States comprises 10 zones—from Zone 10 on the west coast through Zone 19 in New England.
		On 7.5-minute quadrangle maps (1:24,000 and 1:25,000 scale) and 15-minute quadrangle maps (1:50,000, 1:62,500, and standard-edition 1:63,360 scales), the UTM grid lines are indicated at intervals of 1,000 meters, either by blue ticks in the margins of the map or with full grid lines.
		On maps at 1:100,000 and 1:250,000 scale, a full UTM grid is shown at intervals of 10,000 meters and is numbered and used in the same way.
	erg.usgs.gov /isb/pubs/factsheets/fs07701.html (893 words)

	utmzone (Mapping Toolbox)
		The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system of projections tiles the world into quadrangles called zones.
		Valid UTM zones designations are numbers, or numbers followed by a single letter.
		The UTM zone system is based on a regular division of the globe, with the exception of a few zones in northern Europe.
	www.tau.ac.il /cc/pages/docs/matlab/help/toolbox/map/utmzone.html (215 words)

	Geoscience Australia: Geodesy - Australian Map Grid [AMG]
		The grid coordinates derived from a Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projection of the AGD66 coordinates, using the Australian National Spheroid, is now known as the Australian Map Grid 1966 coordinate set (AMG66).
		The Transverse Mercator projection represents ellipsoidal positions (latitude and longitude) as grid coordinates (easting and northing) on a cylindrical surface, resulting in a number of zones.
		Any Universal Transverse Mercator projection would use identical parameters except that the appropriate ellipsoid would be used (eg for UTM coordinates from WGS84 latitudes and longitudes were being projected the WGS84 ellipsoid would be used - semi-major axis 6378137.0 flattening = 1/298.257223563).
	www.ga.gov.au /nmd/geodesy/datums/amg.jsp (373 words)

	Centre for Topographic Information :: The Universal Transverse Mercator Grid
		It must be borne in mind here that the parallels of latitude shown on our UTM maps are not parallel to the equator, or to each other, because they are slightly distorted by the flattening.
		The equator itself is not distorted by the Transverse Mercator projection.
		The beauty of the UTM rectangular grid is that by using a brief code consisting of zone and grid-line numbers it is possible to identify any point in Canada, even if that point is not otherwise marked or identified on any map.
	maps.nrcan.gc.ca /topo101/utm3_e.php (532 words)

	Sam Wormley's UTM/MGRS - Universal Transverse Mercator Resources
		See USGS The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Grid fact sheet 077-01 and Transverse Mercator Projections.
		Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) by Peter H. Dana
		Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Grid Overlay from Peter Bennett
	www.edu-observatory.org /maps/utm.html (401 words)

	Transverse Mercator
		The Transverse Mercator projection in its various forms is the most widely used projected coordinate system for world topographical and offshore mapping.
		The most familiar and commonly used Transverse Mercator is the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) whose natural origin lies on the equator.
		Alternatively, as in the case of Argentina's Transverse Mercator (Gauss-Kruger) zones, the origin is at the south pole with a northings of zero.
	www.remotesensing.org /geotiff/proj_list/transverse_mercator.html (463 words)

	The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Coordinate System
		The U.S. Army is frequently given credit for creating the UTM system, but the true history is a lot more complex than this brief statement suggests.
		As its name implies, the UTM system is based on the Transverse Mercator projection (Figure 3).
		The UTM system's accuracy is rated as one in twenty five hundred (this is usually written as 1:2,500).
	www.warnercnr.colostate.edu /class_info/nr502/lg3/datums_coordinates/utm.html (1302 words)

	The Universal Transverse Mercator System
		The familiar Mercator projection used on so many world maps is a cylindrical projection, meaning the globe is encircled by an imaginary cylinder touching at the equator, and the earth is projected onto the cylinder.
		The Mercator projection is a conformal projection, meaning that angles and small shapes on the globe project as the same angles or shapes on the map.
		But a UTM grid is a completely artificial construct; the only way to plot a UTM grid on a map is to calculate how the grid relates to latitude and longitude, then superimpose the grid on the map.
	www.uwgb.edu /dutchs/FieldMethods/UTMSystem.htm (3183 words)

	Eyes on Wildlife-Universal Transverse Mercator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) is a world-wide rectangular coordinate system used to locate a point on the earth’s surface.
		UTM zones are long, vertical rectangles covering the globe.
		Any set of UTM coordinates should include a reference to the zone that it falls within.
	www.mnstate.edu /regsci/eyes/utm.html (189 words)

	DMAP: UTM Grid Zones of the World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Within each longitudinl zone the transverse mercator projection is used to give co-ordinates (eastings and northings) in metres.
		For the eastings, the origin is defined as a point 500,000 metres west of the central meridian of each longitudinal zone, giving an easting of 500,000 metres at the central meridian.
		The co-ordinates thus derived define a location within a UTM projection zone either north or south of the equator, but because the same co-ordinate system is repeated for each zone and hemisphere, it is necessary to additionally state the UTM longitudinal zone and either the hemisphere or latitudinal zone to define the location uniquely world-wide.
	www.dmap.co.uk /utmworld.htm (259 words)

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