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Topic: University of Karueein

	Fez - LoveToKnow 1911
		But its glories were brief, and though still " the university town " of Morocco, it retains but a shadow of its greatness.
		The Karueein is celebrated as the largest mosque in Africa, but it is by no means the most magnificent.
		The total number of lights in the Karueein is given as seventeen hundred, and they are said to require 31 cwt.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Fez (1002 words)

	Early Higher Education
		By the 12th century Paris was established as the center for theology and philosophy, and the University of Paris became the model for later universities in northern Europe.
		Bologna, Italy, was the center for the study of law, and the University of Bologna set the pattern for Italian and Spanish universities.
		Medieval universities had the right to suspend studies when conditions in their towns and cities were unfavorable and to confer degrees that included the privilege of teaching in any Christian country.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/2506/earlyhe.htm (384 words)

	University of Bologna - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		The University of Bologna (Università di Bologna, UNIBO) is a university in Bologna, Italy.
		In the 19th century, a committee of historians led by Giosuè Carducci traced the birth of the University to 1088.
		The University of Bologna is historically notable for its teaching of canon and civil law.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=263329 (157 words)

	Sorbonne University [Definition] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Similarly to the other of the earliest medieval universities The first European medieval universities were established in Italy and France in the late 12th and early 13th Century for the study of arts, law, medicine, and theology....
		University of Paris XI: Paris-SudThe University of Paris-Sud (French: Université de Paris-Sud) is a branch of the University of Paris located in Orsay.
		Krakow (Jagiellonian) Jagiellonian University (Polish: Uniwersytet Jagielloński) is a university in Krakow, Poland.
	www.wikimirror.com /Sorbonne_University (3626 words)

	Academic Degree [Definition] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The University of BolognaThe University of Bologna (Università di Bologna, UNIBO) is a university in Bologna, Italy.
		The University of Paris used the term master for its graduates, a practice adopted by the English universities of OxfordThe University of Oxford, situated in the city of Oxford in England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world.
		The University of ParisThe historic University of Paris (French: Université de Paris) first appeared in the second half of the 12th century, but was in 1970 reorganized as 13 autonomous universities (University of Paris I–XIII).
	www.wikimirror.com /Academic_degree (4005 words)

	Morocco - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Approximately 10 million (1 third of the population), mostly in rural areas, speak Berber --which exists in Morocco in three different dialects (Tarifit, Tashelhiyt, and Tamazight)-- either as a first language or bilingually with the spoken Arabic dialect.
		The oldest and in some ways the most prestigious is "Mohammed V University" in Rabat -along with Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane (a private university)-, with faculties of law, sciences, liberal arts, and medicine.
		On October 6, 2005 six Sub-Saharan Africans were killed trying to climb the barrier to the Spanish enclave of Melilla, on Morocco’s Mediterranean coast.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/m/o/r/Morocco.html (1619 words)

	Association of American Universities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Association of American Universities (AAU) is an organization of elite research universities devoted to maintaining a strong system of academic research and education.
		AAU was founded in 1900 by a group of fourteen Doctor of Philosophy-granting universities in the U.S. to strengthen and standardize U.S. doctoral programs.
		Today, the primary purpose of the AAU is to provide a forum for the development and implementation of institutional and national policies promoting strong programs in academic research and scholarship and undergraduate, graduate, and professional education.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Academic-institutions/Association-of-American-Universities.html (138 words)

	Encyclopedia: University of Karueein
		The University of Karueein in Fez, Morocco was founded in 859.
		A university is an institution of higher education and of research, which grants academic degrees.
		Al-Azhar Islamic university in Cairo Egypt Al-Azhar University, or Al-Azhar Al-Shareef (الأزهر الشريف; literally, The Noble Al-Azhar), is connected to the mosque in Cairo named to honor Fatima Az-Zahraa, the daughter of Muhammad, from whom the Fatimid Dynasty claimed descent.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/University-of-Karueein (320 words)

	University of Karueein (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The University of Karueein in Fes, Morocco was founded in 859.
		Associated with the citys giant mosque, it is recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the oldest university in the world.
		It does not currently appear on the List of oldest universities in continuous operation but it is over seventy years older than Al-Azhar University of Cairo, called the worlds oldest by those who disagree with the Guinness Book.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Academic-institutions/University-of-Karueein.html (102 words)

	I.F.C.M (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		To be on the list of the oldest extant universities in the world, an institution must satisfy the definition of a university at the time of founding; it must have been founded before 1500; and it must have been operational without a significant interruption ever since
		Because the awarding of academic degrees for advanced studies was historically a European custom, and the modern definition of a university includes the ability to grant degrees, the oldest institutions of higher learning that have always satisfied the modern definition of a university were in Europe.
		The University of Bologna, while it predates the University of Paris, was a university organized by students who then sought out tutors while the latter institution was organized by faculty who then solicited students.
	www.ifcmbj.com /news/temp/news_060512_2.htm (221 words)

	University of Al-Karaouine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Founded in 859, the university is one of the leading spiritual and educational centers of the Muslim world and the oldest continously operating institution of higher learning in the world.
		The University of Al-Karaouine is part of a mosque, founded in 859 by Fatima Al-Fihri, the daughter of a wealthy merchant named Mohammed Al-Fihri.
		Among the most precious manuscripts currently housed in the university library are volumes from the famous Mut'ah of Malik written on gazelle parchment, the Sirat Ibn Ishaq, a copy of the Qur'an given to the university by Sultan Ahmed Al-Mansur Al-Dhahabi in 1602, and the original copy of Ibn Khaldun's book Al-'Ibar.
	mezvan.blogsome.com /go.php?http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Karueein (892 words)

	Rediff Q&A Answer for: which is oldest university in the world?
		The choice for the oldest university is usually among Nalanda, Constantinople, Al Karaouine or Al-Azhar universities.
		Nalanda University, founded in Bihar, India around the 5th century BC conferred academic degree titles to its graduates, while also offering post-graduate courses.
		Another Indian university whose ruins were only recently excavated was Ratnagiri University in Orissa.
	qna.rediff.com /Main.php?do=getanswer&catid=28&questid=2850051 (164 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Demographics of Morocco
		Approximately 15 million Moroccans speak Berber --which exists in Morocco in three different dialects (Tarifit, Tashelhit, and Tamazight)--either as a first language or bilingually with the spoken Arabic dialect.
		French, which remains Morocco's unofficial third language, is taught universally and still serves as Morocco's primary language of Companies of Morocco and economics; it also is widely used in education and government.
		Amazigh (Berber) activists have struggled for half a century for the recognition of their language as the official language of Morocco in the Moroccan constitution.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Demographics_of_Morocco (697 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Fes, Morocco
		The first was the founder of the Idrisid dynasty, his son was born after he was assassinated.
		During Yahya ibn Muhammad's rule the Kairouyine mosque, one of the oldest and largest in Africa, was built, and the associated University of Al-Karaouine was founded in 859.
		Arab emigration to Fes, mostly from al-Andalus after a rebellion which took place in Cordoba in 818 and from Tunisia after another rebellion that took place in 824, gave the city a definite Arab character.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Fes,_Morocco (994 words)

	Fes, Morocco - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		In 810 the Kairouyine mosque, one of the oldest and largest in Africa, was built by Idris II, and the associated University of Karueein was founded in 859.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Fes, Morocco contains research on
		Fes, Morocco, History, Transport, Town twinning, Footnotes, See also, External links, World Heritage Sites in Morocco, Fes, Cities in Morocco, 789 establishments and University towns.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Fes (794 words)

	Morocco Travel Articles \| Morocco Travel Information \| Tours Morocco Information
		Locals claim that the Kairouiyine Mosque, constructed during the reign of Yahya ibn Muhammed, is one of the oldest in Africa.
		In 859, the University of Karueein, as it is now called, was officially founded, giving the Fez Medina one of the oldest universities in the world.
		The majority of the Fez Medina’s population was made up of refugees from surrounding Moorish dynasties, namely from Andalusia, Kairouan, and Tunisia.
	www.journeybeyondtravel.com /travel/morocco-features/index_files/fez-medina-history.html (598 words)

	Southampton University Viewpoint Online Issue 393 11 March 1999
		But when the university tries to do something similar over Christmas and New Year there are protests from academic staff who cannot afford to be excluded from their work- place for that length of time during the vacation, which is their only opportunity to work without interruption.
		His recollections span the years 1977-85 and, in particular, cover a tumultuous period in the University's history within which a prior regime of modest but steady annual expansion was abruptly ended by a draconian reduction in Government funding.
		Its abolition was contrived by the University in 1994.
	www.viewpoint.soton.ac.uk /Viewpoint/393 (10035 words)

	Arizona Daily Wildcat - Fast facts - Wednesday, August 8, 2005
		The oldest existing and continually operating educational institution is the University of Karueein, founded in 859 A.D. in Fez, Morocco.
		At the close of the fifteenth century, the University of Paris could boast 50 colleges and 20,000 students.
		Although a writing machine had been patented in England as early as 1714, the first practical typewriter was built by American William Burt in 1829.
	wc.arizona.edu /papers/98/160/01_10.html (432 words)

	Arizona Daily Wildcat - Fast facts - Wednesday, August 8, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The oldest existing and continually operating educational institution is the University of Karueein, founded in 859 A.D. in Fez, Morocco.
		At the close of the fifteenth century, the University of Paris could boast 50 colleges and 20,000 students.
		Although a writing machine had been patented in England as early as 1714, the first practical typewriter was built by American William Burt in 1829.
	wildcat.arizona.edu /papers/98/160/01_10.html (432 words)

	FEZ (Fes) - Online Information article about FEZ (Fes)
		Spain, refugees of all kinds flocked to Fez, and brought with them some knowledge of arts, sciences and manufactures, and thither flocked students to make use of its extensive See also:
		But its glories were brief, and though still " the university town " of Morocco,.it retains but a See also:
		The mosque of Mulai Idris, built by the founder of Fez about the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /FAT_FLA/FEZ_Fes_.html (1340 words)

	The Scapegoat Story (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		If you received this etext on a physical medium (such as a disk), you must return it with your request.
		Among other things, this means that no one owns a United States copyright on or for this work, so the Project (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without permission and without paying copyright royalties.
		Royalties are payable to "Project Gutenberg Association/Carnegie-Mellon University" within the 60 days following each date you prepare (or were legally required to prepare) your annual (or equivalent periodic) tax return.
	www.richread.com /98scpgt10.html (19782 words)

	Ibiza History,History in Ibiza
		When compared to the rest of medieval Europe, where mass illiteracy was the rule, punctuated only by the clergy and civil servants, even a five or ten- percent literacy rate is remarkable.
		Paris informs us that, " a parallel class of educated laypersons did not emerge elsewhere [in Europe] until the thirteenth century." As a point of interest, the first university ever founded, Karueein, was built by the Moors in Fez in 859.
		All of this indicates that al-Sabbini lived in a society which put a high premium on literary prowess.
	www.liveibiza.com /ibiza_history/people_in_history/al_sabbini.htm (1047 words)

	[No title]
		This becomes a major source of Islamic learning during the twelfth century, and is the site of the modern University of Karueein, the oldest continuously operating educational institution in the Western world.
		While the town's original purpose was to house Tuareg women while Tuareg men herded animals, it was better known as the southern nexus of the trans-Saharan caravan trade and a university town.
		While European historians often claim this as the start of Western European heraldry, the practice is probably more universal, as the Byzantines were painting regimental markings on their shields in the seventh century and the East African Masaai were painting age-set and geographical markings on their shields in the nineteenth.
	ejmas.netfirms.com /kronos/NewHist0478-1349.htm (20217 words)

	directopedia : Directory : Reference : Education : Colleges and Universities : Africa : Morocco
		Home > Directory > Reference > Education > Colleges and Universities > Africa > Morocco
		Columbia University Libraries – Morocco directory category of the WWW-VL MoroccoLinks.com directory
		Here you find the list of authors of this article.
	www.directopedia.org /directory/Reference-Education/Colleges_Universities-Africa-Morocco.shtml (1806 words)

	Kronos: 0500-1349
		The drumming itself was very martial and gave you unbridled energy so that you could keep dancing and leaping for an hour at a time." The presence of sword and stick games during festivals seems fairly universal.
		This becomes a major source of Islamic learning during the twelfth century, and is the site of the University of Karueein, the oldest continuously operating educational institution in the Western world.
		While the town’s original purpose was to house Tuareg women while Tuareg men herded animals, it became better known as a university town located at the southern nexus of a major trans-Saharan caravan route.
	www.ejmas.com /kronos/NewHist0500-1349.htm (19678 words)

	Kronos: 0500-1349
		The drumming itself was very martial and gave you unbridled energy so that you could keep dancing and leaping for an hour at a time." The presence of sword and stick games during festivals seems fairly universal.
		This becomes a major source of Islamic learning during the twelfth century, and is the site of the University of Karueein, the oldest continuously operating educational institution in the Western world.
		While the town’s original purpose was to house Tuareg women while Tuareg men herded animals, it became better known as a university town located at the southern nexus of a major trans-Saharan caravan route.
	ejmas.com /kronos/NewHist0500-1349.htm (19678 words)

	Van Dyke Community Education--Industrial Sites
		That, on average, 178 people are born every minute?
		That the oldest school in the world is the University of Karueein, founded in A.D. 859 in Fez, Moorocco?
		That both sides used hot air balloons for military observation during the Civil War?
	www.macomb.k12.mi.us /vandyke/communed/RMLCWT.htm (168 words)

	Pan-Aryan National Front - Islamic/Quran quotes
		The oldest university in the world is the Karueein, Fez Maroc, founded in 859.
		The second oldest university is Al Azhar, Cairo Egypt, founded in 930.
		The same goes for Egyptian Muslims, they have the council of Al Azhar university, those in Maroc have the Karueein university.
	www.panf.info /upload/archive/index.php/t-437.html (18183 words)

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