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Topic: Unterwalden

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	UNTON, SIR HENRY - LoveToKnow Article on UNTON, SIR HENRY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		On the i6th of April 1291, Rudolph the future emperor bought from Murbach all its estates in Unterwalden, and thus ruled this district as the chief landowner, as count and as emperor.
		In 1798 Unterwalden resisted the Helvetic republic, but, having formed part of the short-lived Tellgau, became a district of the huge canton of the Waldstatten.
		It was a member of the " League of Sarnen " (1832), to oppose the reforming wishes of other cantons, and of the " Sonderbund " (1845); it was defeated in the war of 1847; and it voted against the acceptance of the Federal constitution both in 1848 and in 1874.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /U/UN/UNTON_SIR_HENRY.htm (1121 words)

	AllRefer.com - Unterwalden, Switzerland (Swiss Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		A mountainous, forested, and chiefly pastoral region, Unterwalden is divided into the half cantons of Obwalden (1993 pop.
		The population of Unterwalden is German-speaking and Roman Catholic.
		In 1291, Unterwalden formed with the cantons of Uri and Schwyz a league that became the nucleus of the Swiss Confederation (see Switzerland).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/U/Unterwal.html (256 words)

	Unterwalden -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The former canton is divided (east and west) into two sovereign half cantons—Nidwalden and Obwalden—based on the medieval distinction between the upper and lower river valleys.
		Unterwalden was included in the Zürichgau (district) and was ruled after 1173 by the...
		The half canton is drained by the Sarner River and occupies the western part of former Unterwalden canton.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9074375 (456 words)

	UNTERWALDEN - Online Information article about UNTERWALDEN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		emperor bought from Murbach all its estates in Unterwalden, and thus ruled this district as the chief landowner, as count and as emperor.
		However, this placed Unterwalden on an equal political footing with Uri and Schwyz; and as such it took part (1315) in See also:
		It was a member of the " League of Sarnen " (1832), to oppose the reforming wishes of other cantons, and of the " Sonderbund " (1845); it was defeated in the war of 1847; and it voted against the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /TUM_VAN/UNTERWALDEN.html (2075 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In this case the cantons of Unterwalden, Appenzell and Basel are counted as two half-cantons each.
		Unterwalden is divided into Obwalden and Nidwalden, Appenzell into Innerrhoden and Ausserrhoden, while Basel is divided into Basel-Stadt and Basel-Landschaft.
		These divisions exist for historical reasons and still only affect the number of seats in the Council of States and voting in federal initiatives.
	www.askmytutor.co.uk /c/ca/cantons_of_switzerland.html (280 words)

	International Civic Heraldry - Switzerland - Schweizer Wappen/Armorial de Suisse - KANTON OBWALDEN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The arms of Unterwalden were a shield divided horizontally of red and silver, and were derived from the banner.
		The key itself was already used in 1291 on a seal of the territory Unterwalden ob dem Wald, the later Obwalden.
		The key itself is the symbol of St. Peter patron saint of Unterwalden.
	www.ngw.nl /int/zwi/kanton/obwalden.htm (229 words)

	William Tell, Tax Rebel - Mises Institute
		Count Rudolf II of Habsburg (died 1232) acquired the territories of Schwyz, Uri, Unterwalden and Lucerne.
		In 1240, Schwyz and Unterwalden obtained similar recognition from the Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick II.
		Rudolf had already been in control of much of the route from the Rhine to Schwyz and Unterwalden as protector of the monasteries there or as the representative of the emperor.
	www.mises.org /fullstory.asp?control=1478 (1573 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Switzerland
		Louis of Bavaria withdrew the ban in 1315 and obliged the Archbishop of Mainz to recall the excommunication of the inhabitants of the forest districts (Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, and Lucerne).
		The majority of the cantons decided at the Diets of August 1846 and of July 1847 that this league should be dissolved, because it was not compatible with the Treaty of Confederation of 1815.
		On 8 April, 1524, the five districts of Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, and Lucerne decided to retain the old, true Christian Faith and to suppress the erroneous doctrine within their territories.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14358a.htm (8038 words)

	The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition: Switzerland @ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In Unterwalden, Glarus, and Appenzell the entire electorate legislates directly in yearly outdoor meetings called Landsgemeinden; elsewhere a unicameral legislative council and an elected executive council are common.
		The cantons, loosely bound by a federal diet and by individual treaties and often torn by internal feuds, were seriously split by the Reformation, preached by Zwingli at Zürich and by Calvin at Geneva.
		The Catholics, led by the Four Forest Cantons, defeated the Protestants in battle; the Treaty of Kappel (1531) preserved Catholicism in Lucerne, Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, Fribourg, and Solothurn.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1E1:Switzerl&refid=ip_almanac_hf (1835 words)

	WINKELRIED, ARNOLD V. - LoveToKnow Article on WINKELRIED, ARNOLD V. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The incident with which ;his name is connected is, after the feat of William Tell, the best inown and most popular in the early history of the Swiss Confederation.
		We are told how, at a critical moment in the great battle of Sempach, when the Swiss had failed to break the serried ranks of the Austrian knights, a man of Unterwalden, Arnold von Winkelried by name, came to the rescue.
		Commending his wife and children to the care of his comrades, he rushed towards the Austrians, gathered a number of their spears to-.
	57.1911encyclopedia.org /W/WI/WINKELRIED_ARNOLD_V_.htm (2096 words)

	Unterwalden canton (Switzerland)
		During the 17th and 18th centuries the combined Unterwalden shield consisted of the Nidwalden double-key on the red and white field of Obwalden.
		The keys are the emblem of St. Peter, the patron saint of the parish church of Stans, the capital of Nidwalden and the whole of Unterwalden.
		The red and white colours are thought to come from the personal standard of the Holy Roman Emperor (a white cross on a red field).
	www.fotw.net /Flags/ch-uw.html (533 words)

	Wurts Coat of Arms
		The Wirtzen zum Stein von Unterwalden coat of arms displayed here is found on page 1, and discussed in the following text.
		Erlenbach, Uerikon and Unterwalden were descended from the
		Unterwalden and was sent, at the close of the century, either by
	pages.prodigy.net /reed_wurts/heraldry/wurts.htm (1855 words)

	Unterwalden - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Unterwalden is the old name for what is now two cantons in central Switzerland, south of Lake Lucerne.
		Unterwalden was one of the three participants in the 1291 alliance with Uri and Schwyz, considered the origin of the Swiss Confederation.
		This page was last modified 00:54, 6 February 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Unterwalden (98 words)

	William Tell -=SKYGAZE=- Interesting Facts, The Strange and Unexplained, Mysteries and Secrets
		The scene is the marketplace of Altdorf in Canton Uri, one of the three forest cantons, or states, of the Swiss heartland.
		It is the early 1300's; Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden have only recently forged an alliance to settle disagreements among themselves by arbitration and not by warfare and to unite for mutual defense against outsiders.
		The pact signed in 1291 by Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden was not a declaration of independence - though the three forest cantons were restive under the rule of the Holy Roman emperors.
	www.skygaze.com /content/mysteries/WilliamTell.shtml (2130 words)

	Nicholas von Flüe
		He was born near Saschseln in Unterwalden in 1417 to a much-respected family of well-to-do farmers, owners of the Klüster Alp in the Melchthal and of the estate of Flüeli on the Sachsterberg, from which they derived their surname.
		Fr lmgrund, parish priest of Stans and his director, helped him through it, teaching him also to meditate on the passion of Our Lord, an exercise that was to become a staple of his spiritual life as a hermit.
		He sat on a board of fourteen magistrates to dispense justice, although he was to resign when a majority opted for what he considered an injustice.
	www.svdp-richboro.org /niklaus.htm (2069 words)

	History of THE HABSBURGS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		These Swiss cantons, the original heart of the Habsburg inheritance, are gradually lost from 1291.
		On the death of Rudolf I, in 1291, the three forest districts of Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden openly campaign against the election of his Habsburg successor, Albert, as German king.
		On the mountain slope of Morgarten, on the border of Schwyz, the glittering Habsburg array is met on November 15 by a much smaller citizen army drawn from the farmers of Schwyz, Uri and Unterwalden.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac77 (1047 words)

	International Travel News: All Aboard! William Tell Express 2002 - train travel in Switzerland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The red-and-white Swiss flag on the stern waves smartly when, depending on demand, either the 323-passenger paddle steamer Stadt Luzern, rebuilt in 1990, the 224-passenger Uri or the 200-passenger Unterwalden sets out on one of Switzerland's largest lakes, Lake Lucerne, from the well-marked pier directly across from Lucerne's main train station.
		Unterwalden, built in 1902, was returned to service, on May 16, 1985, after having been meticulously restored with $1.2 million donated by those listed on a scroll aboard the ship as "Friends of the Steamship Association."
		Unterwalden's first-class salons, where the William Tell Express passengers dine, shine with parquet floors, inlaid furniture, wooden scrolls, tables covered with white spreads, and frilly curtains so inconspicuous that they don't hide the delicate carvings surrounding the windows and covering the sills.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3648/is_3_27/ai_85133022 (1524 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Children born of this marriage, Marie Rohrer born April 1, 1859; Joseph Rohrer born November 14, 1860 at Sachseln Unterwalden Switzerland.
		To this union four (4) children were born in Sachseln Unterwalden Switzerland.
		These four (4) children are Joseph Jakob Rohrer born December 7, 1885; Marie Emma Rohrer born July 4, 1888; Theresia Agnes Rohrer born April 22, 1890, died May 29, 1891 at thirteen (13) months of age; Alois Karl born May 16, 1891.
	www.povn.com /margaret/stories.htm (313 words)

	History of SWITZERLAND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		By the early 13th century it is inherited within the Habsburg family, who are already holders of many other feudal rights in Schwyz and Unterwalden and around Zürich.
		Held in the open air, assemblies of this kind become the highest legislative authority in the rural cantons of the Swiss federation - Uri, Schwyz, Unterwalden, Zug, Glarus and Appenzell.
		Between 1403 and 1410 men from Uri and Unterwalden forcibly secure control of two of the most important Alpine passes, St Gotthard and Simplon.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac78 (1779 words)

	Eternal Bond of Brothers -- Between Uri, Schwyz and Unterwalden (August 1291; Transcription of Latin original) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In common council and unanimously, we have also sworn, determined and designated to each other that we will neither accept nor recognize any judge in the aforementioned valleys who had bought that office at some price or for money, nor any who is not our inhabitant and one of our people.
		If, however, dissent should arise between any confederates [of Uri, Schwyz or Unterwalden], the wisest from among the confederates should step forward to quiet the dispute between the parties as appears most expeditious, and that portion that would speak ill of that decision should henceforth be considered contrary to the rest of the confederacy.
		In addition, however, it has been set down between [the parties] that whosoever with premeditation kills another in the absence of the latter's guilt, shall, when he is seized, lose his life insofar as he is unable to prove his innocence of the named misdeed, as the heinousness of his guilt demands it.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/eurodocs/swit/brudeng.html (641 words)

	Unterwalden - TheBestLinks.com - Switzerland, 1291, Swiss Confederation, Cantons of Switzerland, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Unterwalden - TheBestLinks.com - Switzerland, 1291, Swiss Confederation, Cantons of Switzerland,...
		Unterwalden, Switzerland, 1291, Swiss Confederation, Cantons of Switzerland...
		You can add this article to your own "watchlist" and receive e-mail notification about all changes in this page.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Unterwalden.html (116 words)

	Exile/Camp Report given by Alexander Ivanovich Schnaider (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		On the 10.03.1938 the Communists arrested the secretary of the village Soviet in the village of GATTUNG, canton UNTERWALDEN, Autonomous Republic of the Volga-Germans:
		He was taken into the remand prison of UNTERWALDEN, from where he was sent into prison in ENGELS.
		He was sentenced by the "Dvoyka" for section 58-10 (anti-Soviet agitation) on the 21.07.1938 and shot dead in ENGELS on the 22.08.1938.
	www.memorial.krsk.ru /eng/Dokument/Svidet/ShnaiderAI.htm (508 words)

	Book16 Chap 02
		The moment was come when Unterwalden should send a governor to the common bailiwicks; and the images, having been burnt in those districts, Unterwalden had sworn to take a signal revenge.
		It was Zug that issued the first summons; and the men of Uri, of Schwytz, and of Unterwalden had immediately begun to march.
		The men of Unterwalden retired in anger; those of Schwytz swore they would for ever preserve their ancient faith; while the troops of Zurich returned in triumph to their homes.
	4dw.net /nonconformer/Daubigne/ch02.html (2770 words)

	Heroic Legends - The Archer of Schwitz
		But the many acts of injustice and oppression they suffered from the governors roused them at last; the insults that flowed so glibly from the governors' lips began to work like a poison in their veins: the people of the forest cantons murmured.
		Here, when the night was still and the lucent skies sparkling with stars, three men met to discuss a matter that had little to do with the brilliant stars and quiet lake: how to rid the cantons of their oppressors and prevent the recurrence of evil deeds.
		Now it is likely that Unterwalden would have prevailed in her counsel of delay had not a new act of tyranny hastened matters, sending the cantons into action almost before they realized what they did.
	www.kellscraft.com /williamtell.html (3955 words)

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