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	Silesia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the Middle Ages, Silesia was a Piast province, which became a possession of the Bohemian crown under the Holy Roman Empire and passed with that crown to the Austrian Habsburgs in 1526.
		In 1335, Duke Henry VI of Wrocław and the Upper Silesian dukes recognized the overlordship of the king of Bohemia, John of Luxemburg.
		In 1945, all of Silesia was occupied by the Soviet Red Army.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Silesia (3449 words)

	SILESIA - LoveToKnow Article on SILESIA
		The decisive factor in the separation of Silesia from Poland was furnished by a partition of the Polish crowns territories in 1138.
		Silesia is divided by a projecting limb of Moravia into two small parts of territory, of which the western part is flanked by the Sudetic mountains, namely the Altvater Gebirge; while the eastern part is flanked by the Carpathians, namely the Jablunka Gebirge with their highest peak the Lissa Hora (4346 ft.).
		Silesia, and by the Oder, with its affluents the Oppa and the Olsa.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SI/SILESIA.htm (5079 words)

	Silesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In the Middle Ages, Silesia was a Piast province that became a possession of the Bohemian crown under the Holy Roman Empire and passed with that crown to the Austrian Habsburgs in 1526.
		In 1335, Duke Henry VI of Wroclaw and the Upper Silesian dukes recognized the overlordship of the king of Bohemia (John of Luxemburg).
		Czech Silesia is inhabited by the Czechs, Moravians and Poles.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Silesia.htm (1881 words)

	Prussia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		From the late 18th century the expanded Prussia dominated North Germany politically, economically and in terms of population size, and was the core of the unified German Empire formed in 1871.
		Prussia greatly expanded its territories to the east during the Partitions of Poland between 1772 and 1795.
		Prussia's democratic constitution was suspended in 1932 as a result of a coup by Germany's conservative Chancellor Franz von Papen, marking the effective end of German democracy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Prussia_(state) (2243 words)

	Prussia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In 1618 the duchy of Prussia passed through inheritance to the elector of Brandenburg, and in 1660, by the treaty of Oliva, full independence from Polish suzerainty was confirmed to Frederick William, the Great Elector.
		Prussia was fortunate to possess, at this low ebb in its history, such able and energetic reformers as Karl vom und zum Stein, Karl August von Hardenberg, and Wilhelm von Humboldt.
		Prussia was forced to send auxiliary troops for Napoleon’s 1812 campaign in Russia, but late in the year Yorck von Wartenburg concluded a separate truce with Russia, and in 1813 Prussia joined the coalition against France.
	bartleby.com /65/pr/Prussia.html (1895 words)

	Silesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Silesia was originally a Polish province that became a possession of the Bohemian crown in 1335, passed with that crown to the Austrian Habsburgs in 1526, was taken by Prussia in 1742, and was returned to Poland in 1945.
		Silesia is now divided into nine Polish provinces, with capitals at Katowice, Bielsko-Biala, Opole, Wroclaw (Breslau), Walbrzych, Legnica, Jelenia Góra, Zielona Góra, and Kalisz; the remainder forms part of Brandenburg and Saxony Länder (states) of Germany and part of the Severomoravský kraj (region) of the Czech Republic.
		Silesia was subsequently reacquired by Bohemia, however, and it passed to the Habsburgs in 1526 with the accession of the Austrian archduke Ferdinand (later Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand I) to the Bohemian throne.
	www.hfac.uh.edu /gbrown/philosophers/leibniz/BritannicaPages/Silesia/Silesia.html (1141 words)

	Silesia. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Except in the south, Silesia is largely an agricultural and forested lowland, drained by the Oder and its tributaries.
		Silesia, with Moravia, was temporarily detached from the Bohemian crown and was ruled by Hungary.
		By the Treaty of Berlin (1742), Maria Theresa ceded all of Silesia except Teschen and present Czech Silesia to Prussia; this cession was ratified by the Treaty of Dresden (1745).
	www.bartleby.com /65/si/Silesia.html (1189 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Silesia
		In the earliest period Silesia was inhabited by Germans, the tribes being the Lygii and the Silingii.
		In 999 Silesia was conquered by the Poles.
		During the decade of the forties the sect of "German Catholics" developed from Silesia as the starting-point; this sect was founded at Laurahutte in Upper Silesia by the ex-chaplain, John Ronge.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13790b.htm (1447 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Prussia
		For a considerable length of time Napoleon tempted Prussia by holding out the hope of this acquisition, and in 1806 by the plan of a North German Confederation of which Prussia was to be the leader, Frederick William II even sought to gain territory in southern Germany.
		The restlessness was increased by economic distress, especially among the weavers of Silesia, by contradictory ordinances issued by the Government, and by the discovery of a national Polish conspiracy in the province of Posen.
		The ability of Prussia to accomplish the difficult task of defeating the attacks of Austria was probably due to the expert knowledge and clearness of the chief representative of its economic policy, Rudolf von Delbrück, and to the fact that Hanover joined the Zollverein in Sept., 1851.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/12519c.htm (15015 words)

	ipedia.com: Silesia Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In the Treaty of Versailles it was decided that the population of Upper Silesia should hold a plebiscite in order to determine the future of the province.
		In 1945 all of Silesia was occupied by Soviet troops, by then a large proportion of German population had fled Silesia.
		A little part of Silesia surrounding the city of Görlitz became a part of the German Democratic Republic and is now part of the Federal State of Saxony in the Federal Republic of Germany.
	www.ipedia.com /silesia.html (1866 words)

	ipedia.com: Upper Silesia Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Upper Silesia is the south-eastern part of Silesia, an historical and geographical region in Poland and the Czech Republic.
		Upper Silesia (Polish Górny Śląsk, German Oberschlesien) is the south-eastern part of Silesia, an historical and geographical region in Poland (Opole Voivodship and Silesian Voivodship) and the Czech Republic (Silesian-Moravian Region).
		Upper Silesia was formerly a Prussian province, later Autonomous Silesian Voivodship.
	www.ipedia.com /upper_silesia.html (177 words)

	Silesia -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Silesia was exclusively inhabited by Slavic peoples: the Dziadoszanie and the Bobrzanie in the north, the Slezanie (from whom it got its name), the Opolanie, and the Golensicowie in the south.
		Silesia consists largely of the basin of the upper and middle Oder River, which flows from southeast...
		Polish–German boundary in Upper Silesia, proposed by Wojciech Korfanty.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9067752?tocId=9067752 (1604 words)

	Articles - History of Germany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Between 1152 and 1190, during the reign of Frederick I (Barbarossa), of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, an accommodation was reached with the rival Guelph party by the grant of the duchy of Bavaria to Henry the Lion, duke of Saxony.
		From 1808 to 1812 Prussia was reconstructed, and a series of reforms were enacted by Freiherr vom Stein and Freiherr von Hardenberg, including the regulation of municipal government, the liberation of the peasants and the emancipation of the Jews.
		But the 1848 revolution proved abortive: King Frederick William IV of Prussia refused the imperial crown, the Frankfurt parliament was dissolved, the ruling princes repressed the risings by military force and the German Confederation was re-established by 1850.
	www.ezorange.com /articles/Germany/History (6754 words)

	Silesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In 1742 Prussia conquered most of Silesia, only the southernmost regions (marked in orange on the map below) of Opava and Cieszyn remained Austrian.
		of Saxony was incoporated into Silesia, while the northernmost part of Silesia, the enclave of Swiebodzin (Schwiebus) became part of the Province of Brandenburg (marked in red on the map of Brandenburg).
		German inhabitants of the province either escaped or were expelled from Silesia after 1945 and Poles from the formerly Polish regions in the East settled there.
	www.polishroots.org /genpoland/sil.htm (290 words)

	Subnational Flags 1919-1935 (Prussia, Germany)
		It shall be noted that the combination of the colours of Western Prussia with the one of Posen appeared before the adoption of the coat of arms of the Grenzmark where the inescutcheon on the eagle displayed this combination.
		Like Posen-West Prussia 1920-1935, but with coat of arms, consisting of a silver field with a fl Prussian eagle, emerging from the neck is a silver arm with armor grasping a silver sword.
		Like Upper Silesia 1920-1935, but with coat of arms, consisting of a blue field with a yellow eagle above a scythe and crossed hammers, at the center.
	flagspot.net /flags/de-pr19-.html (757 words)

	Territorial Association of (Lower) Silesia and Upper Silesia (Germany) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Originally there was a single group representing all the Silesians, from which the Upper Silesians separated in 1950 on the grounds of different cultural heritage.
		The colours of Lower Silesia are white and yellow, since fl and yellow —the main colours on the arms— would have been (formerly) mistaken with the Hapsburg colours of Austria.
		The arms show the 13th century eagle of the Dukes of Silesia, which was defaced with a white Kleeblattspange —crescent with trefoil ends— to make it different from that of the (then) Dukes of Austria.
	www.fotw.net /flags/de}lm_sl.html (237 words)

	Ezion-Geber's Home Page - Preussen Gloria - Prussia, the Glorious Legacy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		It often surprises the poorly educated and biased student of Prussian history to learn that Prussia was the backbone of the Weimar Republic.
		Prussia's lonely walk of integrity was therefore undermined by the extreme right and the extreme left.
		And I am sure I would find a sympathetic ear amongst the Armenians (the majority of whom live outside Armenia) and the Kurds (who have never had a national homeland of their own at all but are scattered in four countries) who have likewise suffered the most dispicable attrocities against them.
	www.nccg.org /ezion_geber/preussen3.html (1063 words)

	FAQ-J: German-Prussia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The concept of Kreis was different in pre-1806 Prussia and referred to the districts of the noble families ("Die Adeligen Kreise of the Rittergutsbesitzer") as well as the ImmediatstSdte and royal Domainen--mter.
		All monarchies in Germany were abolished in 1918, Prussia was declared defunct in 1947 by the Allied victors.
		The original (East and West) Prussia was cleansed of its ethnic German population and given to Poland and Russia The Western powers were silent on the ethnic cleansing of original Prussia and Eastern Germany resulting in 12 millions of German refugees and expellees.
	thorin.adnc.com /~lynnd/gfaqj.html (2923 words)

	Welcome to Lower Silesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Wroclaw is the economical, cultural and intellectual capital of Lower Silesia, located in southwestern Poland, 160 km from Germany and 120 km from the Czech Republic.
		This picturesque corner of Silesia is an eastern part of the Sudetes and once it was called the Klodzko County.
		It is a valley surrounded with the mountains overgrown with forests.
	www.wroclaw.com /silesia.htm (1461 words)

	Prussia
		Rulers of Germany and Prussia - Name Born Ruled1 Kings of Prussia Frederick I2 1657 1701–1713 Frederick William I 1688...
		Frederick I, king of Prussia - Frederick I, 1657–1713, first king of Prussia (1701–13), elector of Brandenburg...
		Frederick II, king of Prussia - Frederick II or Frederick the Great,1712–86, king of Prussia (1740–86), son and...
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0840357.html (507 words)

	Silesia -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		It passed to the Austrian Habsburgs in 1526; it was taken by Prussia in 1742.
		During World War II Polish Silesia was occupied by Germany and was the site of atrocities against the population by Nazi and, later, Soviet forces.
		In 1945 the Allied powers assigned virtually all of Silesia to Poland; today its nine Polish provinces contain almost one-fourth of Poland's population.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9378668 (602 words)

	Silesia: History
		of 1938 most of Czech Silesia was partitioned between Germany and Poland, and after the German conquest of Poland in 1939 all Polish Silesia was annexed to Germany.
		Mining and hydrological transformations in Upper Silesia from the fifteenth to the nineteenth century.
		Upper Silesia 1870-1920: between region, religion, nation and ethnicity.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0861088.html (1035 words)

	GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland) - Online Information article about GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)
		To these belongs the upper Silesian coal-basin, which occupies a considerable area in south-eastern Silesia.
		Carboniferous and Devonian beds are also found south-east of the Bohemian massif, where lies the extensive coal-field of Silesia.
		As in the south of England, the lower beds of the Cretaceous are of estuarine origin and the Upper Cretaceous overlaps the Lower, lying in the valley of the Ruhr directly upon the Palaeozoic rocks.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /GEO_GNU/GERMANY_Ger_Deutschland_.html (5121 words)

	Journal of European Studies: National Identity and Weimar Germany: Upper Silesia and the Eastern Border, 1918-1922. ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		National Identity and Weimar Germany: Upper Silesia and the Eastern Border, 1918-1922.
		One of the most intriguing aspects of the Peace of Versailles was the stipulation that plebiscites should be held under the administration of international commissions in certain border areas to determine whether they should remain German or be integrated into a neighbouring state.
		Despite strong initial opposition from Germany, the required plebiscites in north Schleswig, southern East Prussia, Upper Silesia were scheduled for March 1921.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?docid=1G1:20816388&refid=ink_tptd_mag (222 words)

	Menzel Family Genealogy Forum
		Re: Menzels- Upper Silesia, Prussia to Iowa - Sandy Colbert 12/29/00
		Re: Menzels- Upper Silesia, Prussia to Iowa - Lois Ralph 10/02/00
		Re: Menzels- Upper Silesia, Prussia to Iowa - Lois Ralph 1/20/01
	genforum.genealogy.com /menzel (593 words)

	Polish League (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		However, the organizing movement in the provinces was deficient, mainly because of the lack of activists.
		No organization could be established in the Upper Silesia due to the lack of a Polish intelligentsia there.
		Therefore, membership in the league was forbidden for teachers, village headmen, and civil servants; in April 1850, invoking the earlier associations act, the Prussian authorities forced the dissolution of the league.
	cscwww.cats.ohiou.edu /~Chastain/ip/poleag.htm (489 words)

	Silesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		SW Poland, with smaller areas in N central Czechoslovakia and SE East Germany, comprising a wide valley of upper Oder River.
		Comprises former Prussian areas of Upper and Lower Silesia.
		Portion of Upper Silesia assigned to Poland (1921), occupied by Germany (1939); most of upper and Lower Silesia awarded to Poland after World War II (1945).
	members.aol.com /wschimke/silesia.htm (147 words)

	our films (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Just as the Poles had suffered under the Germans until January 1945, the Germans were now oppressed and abused by the Poles.
		The few sources that are now coming to light are showing that until the dissolving of the camps in 1950, more than 100,000 Germans, mostly in Upper Silesia, West Prussia and close to Lodz, were imprisoned.
		Using individual, but typical, events that took place in the first days and weeks at the end of the war, witnesses of the time describe the situation of the defenseless inmates in the camps and at their places of work.
	www.lichtfilm.de /efilm/efilme_17.html (291 words)

	Find in a Library: The problem of Upper Silesia
		Subjects: Nationalism -- Silesia, Upper (Poland and Czech Republic)
		Poles -- Silesia, Upper (Poland and Czech Republic)
		Silesia, Upper (Poland and Czech Republic) -- Economic conditions.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/29fd6c663323bf7d.html (74 words)

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