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Topic: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and perforation associated with low-dose aspirin ...
		Upper gastrointestinal complications (UGIC) are the major risk associated with aspirin use [1,2,3,4].
		Among bleeding cases, the lesion was located at the stomach in 764 (42%) and the duodenum in 811 (44%), remaining unspecified in 258 (14%); 4.1% of bleeding cases were fatal.
		Two hundred eighty seven cases (13.6%) of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (n= 248; 13.5%) or perforation (n= 39; 14.3%) were current users of aspirin, as compared to 837 current users among controls (7.3%) yielding to an adjusted RR of 2.0 (95% CI: 1.7-2.3) for all cases (table 2).
	www.biomedcentral.com /1472-6904/1/1 (4401 words)

	Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
		An upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy is a procedure that allows your doctor to look at the interior lining of your esophagus, your stomach, and the first part of your small intestine (duodenum) through a thin, flexible viewing instrument called an endoscope.
		Diagnose an infection of the esophagus caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses.
		Bleeding caused by inflammation, an ulcer, a tumor, a tear in the esophagus, or dilated veins (esophageal varices) is present.
	www.webmd.com /hw/digestive_problems/hw267678.asp (2140 words)

	HerbChina2000.com - Herbal Remedies - Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Gastrointestinal bleeding (GI) ia s sign of disease or abnormality within the gastrointestinal tract involving the presence of blood or hemoglobin in the stool.
		Lower GI bleeding is considered any source located from the outflow tract of the stomach to the anus (small and large bowel).
		Gastrointestinal bleeding can range from microscopic bleeding, where the amount of blood is so small that it can only be detected by laboratory testing, to massive bleeding where pure blood is passed.
	www.herbchina2000.com /therapies/EHE.shtml (938 words)

	ETIOLOGY OF UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING IN JORDANIAN PATIENTS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY:15(1)
		Continuous bleeding was defined as the persistence of blood in the nasogastric tube aspirate with melena after five units of blood transfusion during the period of hospitalization for the same attack.
		Recurrent bleeding was defined as a second episode of hematemesis and/or melena after stabilization of vital signs and blood count and normalization of stool color during the same admission.
		Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in Jordan: an analysis of causes, characteristics and outcome.
	www.kfshrc.edu.sa /annals/151/94033.html (2141 words)

	eMedicine - Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Upper : Article by Manish K Varma, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Background: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding (UGIB) is defined as hemorrhage that emanates proximal to the ligament of Treitz.
		The pathophysiology of the bleeding is often mucosal erosion with subsequent hemorrhage.
		The detection of bleeding may be enhanced with carbon dioxide as an arterial contrast agent because of the low viscosity of the gas.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic302.htm (4843 words)

	Section 5 Chapter 5 Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
		Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage may present as severe bleeding with hematemesis, hematochezia, and hypotension; as gradual bleeding with melena; or as occult bleeding detected by positive tests for blood in the stool.
		Indeed, most upper GI hemorrhages may be controlled endoscopically, though the degree of success to be expected in individual cases varies according to the expertise of the endoscopist and the specific cause of the bleeding.
		Recurrent bleeding or bleeding that is suspected to be secondary to small bowel pathology may be evaluated by means of video capsule endoscopy, which is capable of localizing a variety of lesions (including arteriovenous malformations, ulcers, strictures, and malignancies) so as to direct surgical intervention.
	www.acssurgery.com /acsonline/chapters/ch0505.htm (5374 words)

	Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding - New Treatments, January 2, 2007
		Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common and potentially life-threatening condition among the elderly.
		The incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is twice as high in men as in women.
		The morbidity associated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding is substantial.
	www.ccspublishing.com /journals2a/Upper_GI_Bleeding.htm (338 words)

	American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy :: Member Site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is a medical problem associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate, as well as with significant medical costs.
		Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding from peptic ulcer disease is responsible for 250,000 to 300,000 hospital admissions and $2.5 billion in costs in the United States each year.
		Active bleeding can be controlled in 85% to 90% of patients, with less than a 3% complication rate and a significant decrease in the rate of recurrent bleeding and need for surgery.
	www.asge.org /nspages/practice/patientcare/01-triage.cfm (2532 words)

	Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Bleeding from esophageal varices is not common in the neonatal period but has been described in children with severe cytomegalovirus neonatal hepatitis.
		Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in this age group is most frequently due to esophagitis, gastritis, or peptic ulcers.
		Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in this age group is most frequently due to peptic ulcer disease (duodenal and gastric), gastritis, and esophageal varices.
	www.naspghan.org /sub/Gastrointestinal_Bleeding.htm (4716 words)

	The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Development Program: >Endoscopy in Upper GI Bleeding
		Upper GI endoscopy was chosen for consideration because it is a rapidly evolving technology.
		The diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy in gastrointestinal bleeding is dependent upon the skill and experience of the endoscopist and the adequacy of facilities, equipment, and supporting personnel.
		Although performing upper GI panendoscopy is difficult in the bleeding patient, the well-trained endoscopist can, in the majority of circumstances, locate the bleeding lesion, and in those cases in which there is more than one potentially bleeding lesion present, identify the one responsible for most of the bleeding.
	consensus.nih.gov /1980/1980EndoscopyGIBleeding026html.htm (2657 words)

	Upper GI Bleeding:
		Upper GI bleeding can manifest as hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, or hemodynamic changes (symptoms of dizziness, dyspnea or shock).
		Quite often, the cause of bleeding is not identified and the bleeding ceases in less than 24 hours.
		Major bleeding may be the result of hemorrhagic gastritis or stress ulcers caused by a perinatal insult of hypoxia, sepsis, or lesions of CNS.
	pedclerk.bsd.uchicago.edu /giBleeding.html (701 words)

	Upper gastrointestinal bleeding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The anatomic cut-off for upper GI bleeding is the ligament of Treitz, which connects the fourth portion of the duodenum to the splenic flexure of the colon.
		Upper GI bleeds are considered medical emergencies, and require admission to hospital for urgent diagnosis and management.
		Hemosuccus pancreaticus, or bleeding from the pancreatic duct
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Upper_gastrointestinal_bleeding (1279 words)

	Letters to the Editor - December 15, 2004 - American Family Physician
		Upper GI bleeding remains a common problem and reason for hospital admission.
		Patients whose bleeding occurred in the hospital and those who did not undergo endoscopy were excluded from the study.
		Incidence of and mortality from acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage in the United Kingdom.
	www.aafp.org /afp/20041215/poc.html (1040 words)

	Epistaxis mimicking upper gastrointestinal bleeding Journal of Family Practice - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		Bleeding from the anterior parts of the nose, anterior epistaxis, is common among children and young adults, usually originating from Little's area (Kisselbach's plexus).
		In older people the site of bleeding is often in the posterior parts of the nose, and the bleeding then is more profuse, involving branches of the sphenopalatine artery.
		At this stage bleeding from the left nostril was noted, which could not be caused by a right-sided nasogastric tube.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0689/is_n1_v30/ai_8351099 (884 words)

	Validation of the Rockall risk scoring system in upper gastrointestinal bleeding -- Vreeburg et al. 44 (3): 331 -- Gut
		Epidemiology and course of gastrointestinal haemorrhage in north-east Scotland.
		Endoscopic therapy for acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a meta-analysis.
		Clinical factors in the prediction of further hemorrhage or mortality in acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage.
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/44/3/331 (3006 words)

	Drug treatments in upper gastrointestinal bleeding: value of endoscopic findings as surrogate end points -- Hawkey et ...
		Of 414 patients with suspected upper gastrointestinal bleeding, 379 were endoscoped.
		Upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains the most common reason for emergency hospital admission with a gastrointestinal problem.
		Endoscopic therapy for acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: A meta-analysis.
	gut.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/49/3/372 (3708 words)

	Acute endoscopic intervention in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding -- Arasaradnam and Donnelly 81 (952): 92 ...
		Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the commonest emergencies
		Fatal injection sclerotherapy of a bleeding peptic ulcer.
		Endoscopic haemostasis of a bleeding marginal ulcer: haemoclipping or dual therapy with epinephrine injection and heater probe thermocoagulation.
	pmj.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/81/952/92 (3091 words)

	Risk Score Identifies Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding - April 1, 2001 - American Academy of Family ...
		Acute bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal track is a common emergency.
		Several scoring systems have been developed to assist in the urgent assessment of patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, but these have not been widely adopted in clinical practice.
		In a second study, the scoring system was used prospectively on 197 consecutive adult patients presenting to three hospitals during a three-month period because of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
	www.aafp.org /afp/20010401/tips/3.html (528 words)

	Adult Health Advisor 2005.4: Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Hematemesis) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
		The bleeding is usually from the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
		This means the bleeding may be from the esophagus (the tube that connects the mouth and stomach), the stomach, or the upper small intestine (duodenum).
		If you have severe bleeding and it can't be stopped, a special tube with a balloon on the end of it may be inserted into your esophagus.
	www.med.umich.edu /1libr/aha/aha_hemateme_crs.htm (1044 words)

	Consensus Recommendations for Managing Patients with Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding -- Barkun et al. 139 ...
		Predictors of mortality in patients admitted to hospital for acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage Scand J Gastroenterol.
		Early endoscopy in upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: associations with recurrent bleeding, surgery, and length of hospital stay Gastrointest Endosc.
		Endoscopic therapy for acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a meta-analysis Gastroenterology.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/139/10/843 (8137 words)

	Managing Patients with Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding -- Barkun et al. 141 (1): 80 -- Annals of Internal ...
		Regular-dose versus high-dose omeprazole in peptic ulcer bleeding: a prospective randomized double-blind study.
		The Canadian registry on non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding and endoscopy (RUGBE): endoscopic hemostasis and proton-pump inhibition are associated with improved outcomes in a real-life setting.
		Continuous intravenous infusion of omeprazole in elderly patients with peptic ulcer bleeding.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/141/1/80 (685 words)

	Arch Intern Med -- Abstract: Risk of Hospitalization for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding Associated With ...
		Arch Intern Med -- Abstract: Risk of Hospitalization for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding Associated With Ketorolac, Other Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Calcium Antagonists, and Other Antihypertensive Drugs, January 12, 1998, García Rodríguez et al.
		cause substantial morbidity and mortality from upper gastrointestinal
		Risk of upper gastrointestinal ulcer bleeding associated with selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, traditional non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin and combinations
	archinte.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/abstract/158/1/33 (709 words)

	AccessMedicine - Harrison's Internal Medicine: Sources of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
		Sections: Upper Gastrointestinal Sources of Bleeding, Peptic Ulcers, Mallory-Weiss Tears, Esophageal Varices, Hemorrhagic and Erosive Gastropathy ("Gastritis";), Other Causes, Small-Intestinal Sources of Bleeding, Colonic Sources of Bleeding.
		Topics Discussed: esophageal varix; gastritis; gastrointestinal bleeding; gastrointestinal bleeding, upper, acute; lower gastrointestinal bleeding; mallory-weiss syndrome; peptic ulcer; upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
		The annual incidence of hospital admissions for upper GIB (UGIB) in the United States and Europe is approximately 0.1%, with a mortality rate of
	www.accessmedicine.com /content.aspx?aID=55323 (229 words)

	Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
		No evidence of significant bleeding in last 48 hours
		Bleeding stops and does not recur: 70% (<2% Mortality)
		This is one page of 15 in this chapter, 272 in this book, and 4774 in the Family Practice Notebook.
	www.fpnotebook.com /GI263.htm (198 words)

	PIER Patient Info - Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Non-variceal Upper
		American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Few Words About ?the Risk of Getting an Infection from an Endoscope?...
		American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: What is Endoscopy and What are the Procedures for Cleaning and Disinfecting Endoscopes?
		The information included herein should never be used as a substitute for physician judgment; always be sure to discuss the information on these pages with your physician.
	www.acponline.org /fcgi/pierpi.pl?module=d184 (115 words)

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