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Topic: Uric acid

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	Uric Acid Tests: Encyclopedia of Medicine
		Uric acid tests are tests that are done to measure the levels of uric acid in blood serum or in urine.
		The uric acid tests are used to evaluate the blood levels of uric acid for gout and to assess uric acid levels in the urine for kidney stone formation.
		Increased uric acid levels due to overproduction may also be caused by gout, by a genetic disorder of purine metabolism, or by metastatic cancer, destruction of red blood cells, leukemia, or cancer chemotherapy.
	health.enotes.com /medicine-encyclopedia/uric-acid-tests (860 words)

	Uric acid
		Uric acid is an organic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, with the formula C
		In human blood, uric acid concentrations between 3.6 and 8.3 mg/dL are considered normal by the American Medical Association[?], although significantly lower levels are common in vegetarians.
		Saturation of uric acid in the human blood stream may result in one form of kidney stones when the acid crystalizes into solid inside the kidney.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ur/Uric_acid.html (169 words)

	eMedicine - Nephropathy, Uric Acid : Article Excerpt by: Mark Fahlen, MD
		Uric acid is the final metabolite of endogenous and dietary purine nucleotide metabolism.
		It is a weak acid with a pKa of 5.75, and, at a physiologic pH of 7.40 in the extracellular compartment, 98% of uric acid is thus in the ionized form as urate.
		Acute uric acid nephropathy is the term applied to the development of acute oligoanuric renal failure caused by renal tubular obstruction by urate and uric acid crystals.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/nephropathy-uric-acid.htm (609 words)

	AllRefer.com - uric acid (Biochemistry) - Encyclopedia
		The last three groups of animals also channel all amino acid degradation into the formation of glycine, aspartic acid, and glutamine, which combine to form purines and finally uric acid; these so-called uricotelic organisms thus excrete uric acid as the major end-product of the metabolism of all nitrogen-containing compounds.
		Uric acid is a very weak organic acid that is barely soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol and ether.
		Uric acid is present in human urine only in extremely small amounts but constitutes a large part of the body waste matter of birds (see guano) and of reptiles.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/U/uricacid.html (321 words)

	Uric Acid Stones
		Uric Acid Stones form from high concentrations of uric acid in acidic (low pH) urine.
		The cause of the elevated urinary uric acid can be multifactorial including high protein diet and gout.
		One reason may be that small uric acid crystals form, but this is not certain.
	homepages.nyu.edu /~rabenr01/uric_acid.htm (184 words)

	Uric Acid
		Uric acid may be a contributing factor to the progression of atherosclerosis and its complications.
		Uric Acid an Independent Predictor of Hypertension in Framingham Study: In a 4-year follow-up study of 3329 Framingham Study adults (mean age 48.7 years) free of hypertension, myocardial infarction, heart failure, renal failure, or gout, 458 persons (13.8%) had developed hypertension, and 1201 persons (36.1%) had experienced progression to a higher BP stage.
		In 10 CHF patients with normal serum uric acid (UA) levels (315 micromol/L) and 9 patients with elevated UA (535 micromol/L), endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine infusion) and endothelium-independent (nitroglycerin infusion) vasodilation of the radial artery was determined.
	www.modern-psychiatry.com /uric_acid.htm (2032 words)

	Uric Acid - Health Encyclopedia
		The laboratory centrifuges the blood to separate the serum from the cells and the uric acid test is done on the serum.
		Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism (purines are building blocks of RNA and DNA).
		An overproduction of uric acid occurs when there is excessive breakdown of cells, which contain purines, or an inability of the kidneys to excrete uric acid.
	www.nbcsandiego.com /encyclopedia/6864517/detail.html (522 words)

	Diagnose-Me: Condition: Uric Acid Levels Low
		Low uric acid levels may be associated with a molybdenum deficiency, copper toxicity, and a worsening of multiple sclerosis.
		Uric acid works by inactivating peroxynitrite, a toxic compound that may cause damage to the central nervous system in MS patients.
		Molybdenum is known to raise uric acid levels, which is why people with gout (a condition of elevated high uric acid levels) are told to avoid molybdenum supplements.
	www.diagnose-me.com /cond/C279924.html (857 words)

	[No title]
		Increased serum uric acid levels are linked to obesity, distorted cholesterol levels and high blood pressure (when all three are present this is known as syndrome X), all of which are also associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
		Uric acid is a byproduct of the continual process in the body where old cells are broken down and new ones are formed.
		Uric acid concentration is influenced by the rate of production on the one hand, and the rate of elimination on the other.
	www.mercola.com /2000/may/14/uric_acid.htm (967 words)

	Causes of Uric Acid Kidney Stones (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Uric acid is excreted in the body due to the breakup of cells caused by the food eaten.
		Uric acid kidney stones are formed as a result of too much uric acid in the urine, or a normal amount of uric acid in too little urine or uric acid present in its insoluble form.
		Uric acid is produced at the breaking up of 'purines', which are found in the human body tissue and in certain food products such as beans, peas, liver and certain alcoholic drinks.
	www.disabled-world.com /artman/publish/uric-acid_.shtml (422 words)

	Uric acid
		The kidneys excrete two-thirds of the uric acid produced daily; the remaining one-third is excreted in the stool.
		Because of this wide range, and because uric acid levels show day-to-day and seasonal variations in the same person, several uric acids levels may be ordered over a period of time.
		An overproduction of uric acid occurs when there is excessive cell breakdown and catabolism of nucleonic acids such as seen in gout, excessive production and destruction of cells, as may occur in leukemia or during cancer therapy, or problems with uric acid excretion due to renal failure.
	www.rnceus.com /renal/renaluric.html (353 words)

	Uric Acid
		Gout is a problem where uric acid crystals deposit in the joints, causing a painful inflammatory response.
		Uric acid stones form quickly as there are no known inhibitors in human urine to cope with fluctuation in output.
		Uric acid's solubility in urine is dependent on the pH, or acidity of the urine.
	www.hollywoodurology.com /uricacid.html (759 words)

	Uric acid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Uric acid (or urate) is an organic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen with the formula C
		Uric acid may be a marker of oxidative stress [16], and may have a potential therapeutic role as an antioxidant (PMID 16375736).
		Thus, it is unclear whether elevated levels of uric acid in diseases associated with oxidative stress such as stroke and atherosclerosis are a protective response or a primary cause [18].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Uric_acid (890 words)

	Uric Acid in Urine
		The uric acid urine test measures the amount of uric acid in a urine sample that is collected over 24 hours.
		Uric acid is produced from the breakdown of your body's cells and from the food you eat.
		A uric acid urine test is usually done on a sample taken from all the urine produced in a 24-hour period.
	www.webmd.com /hw/kidney_failure/aa15402.asp (1276 words)

	Uric acid Summary
		Excessive levels of uric acid in the blood (uriaciduria) may lead to the formation of insoluble salts (urates) that are commonly referred to as stones if found in the urinary tract.
		In human blood, uric acid concentrations between 3.6 and 8.3 mg/dL are considered normal by the American Medical Association, although significantly lower levels are common in vegetarians due to a decreased intake of purine-rich meat.
		Uric acid may be a marker of oxidative stress, and may have a potential therapeutic role as an antioxidant (PMID 16375736).
	www.bookrags.com /Uric_acid (821 words)

	eMedicine - Uric Acid Stones : Article by Sahar Fathallah-Shaykh, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Uric acid urolithiasis or uric acid kidney stones refer to development of a stone or calculus composed of significant amounts of urate in the renal pelvis, ureter, or bladder.
		Pathophysiology: Uric acid is a weak acid with a pK of 5.8.
		The concentration of uric acid in plasma depends on dietary ingestion, de novo purine synthesis, and uric acid elimination by the kidneys and intestine.
	www.emedicine.com /ped/topic2361.htm (3723 words)

	Uric Acid - Gout Stages
		The uric acid that is floating in your blood supply has little to nothing to do with the uric acid that has become crystallized and is now residing in connective tissue.
		This "melting" of old stored uric acid is also the reason behind consuming non chlorinated water in large amounts which is needed to flush the newly dissolved uric acid out of your blood supply and past your kidneys.
		Uric acid is only slightly soluble in water and may precipitate out of solution contributing to the formation of kidney stones.
	www.goutcure.com /goutstages.html (1490 words)

	Gout and uric acid levels --- HealthandAge
		While an elevated blood level of uric acid (hyperuricemia) may indicate an increased risk of gout, the relationship between hyperuricemia and gout is unclear.
		Uric acid comes from purine, a substance that is contained in the cell nucleus.
		Uric acid is a waste product left over from metabolism of chemical compounds called purines that can be found in some of the foods commonly consumed by many people today.
	www.healthandage.com /Home/gm=20!gid7=951 (711 words)

	Uric Acid in Blood
		The blood uric acid test measures the amount of uric acid in a blood sample.
		Most of the uric acid is filtered out by the kidneys and passes out of the body in urine; the rest passes out of the body in stool.
		However, if too much uric acid is being produced or if the kidneys are not able to remove it from the blood normally, the level of uric acid in the blood increases.
	www.webmd.com /hw/arthritis/aa12023.asp (1125 words)

	Uric acid tests
		Reference values for 24-hour urinary uric acid vary from laboratory to laboratory but are generally found within the following range: 250-750 mg/24 hours.
		Excessively high levels of uric acid in the blood, often producing gout.
		Increased levels of uric acid in the urine.
	www.lifesteps.com /gm/Atoz/ency/uric_acid_tests.jsp (1003 words)

	Gout (podagra or uric acid)
		Gout, otherwise known as podagra or uric acid arthropathy is a rheumatic complaint, that usually attacks a single joint at a time.
		Uric acid is a by-product of the body's metabolism.
		Normally the uric acid is removed when urinating, but among patients with a predisposition for gout, the uric acid accumulates in the blood.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /diseases/facts/gout.htm (888 words)

	Uric Acid: The Test (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The uric acid test is used to find out whether the body might be breaking down cells too quickly or not removing uric acid quickly enough.
		The uric acid test is requested when a doctor suspects high levels of uric acid.
		Some patients with high levels of uric acid have a disease called gout, which is an inherited disorder that affects purine breakdown.
	www.labtestsonline.org.uk /understanding/analytes/uric_acid/test.html (510 words)

	Uric Acid Stones in Dalmatians
		Dalmatians must excrete uric acid in their urine and the problem is that the stuff just is not that water soluble.
		Uric crystals form and congeal into kidney stones but classically gout involves the precipitation of uric acid crystals in the delicate membranes of joints, causing arthritis pain.
		Uric acid stones may or may not be visible on plain radiographs.
	www.marvistavet.com /html/body_uric_acid_stones_in_dalmatians.html (2350 words)

	Sartans and uric acid
		There was a non-significant increase in uric acid (from 7.8 to 8.2 mg/100 mL, 460 to 484 µmol/L) with enalapril.
		There was anon-significant decrease in uric acid (from 7.8 to 7.3 mg/100 mL, 460 to 430 µmol/L) with losartan.
		The evidence is that losartan has an effect in lowering uric acid levels, as may some, but not all, other sartans.
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/booth/gout/sartua.html (672 words)

	uric - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Uric Acid, white, tasteless, and odorless nitrogenous compound, C
		Land animals have evolved ways of converting ammonia into less dangerous compounds, such as urea and uric acid.
		- acid in urine: a slightly soluble compound in urine and blood, made in the breakdown of nitrogenous waste.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=uric (135 words)

	Gout - Uric Acid - Alternative Health
		Hyperuricaemia, or gout, describes a condition in which high concentrations of uric acid are found in the blood.
		Manifesting as acute, but intermittent attacks of joint pain, swelling and redness, gout is caused by the formation of needlelike crystal of deposited uric acid, which irritates the joint lining.
		It is estimated that 90% of all cases of gout is due to the under excretion of uric acid by the kidneys.
	www.soulhealer.com /gout.htm (414 words)

	Uric Acid: The Test
		The uric acid test is used to learn whether the body might be breaking down cells too quickly or not getting rid of uric acid quickly enough.
		Increased concentrations of uric acid can cause crystals to form in the joints, which leads to the joint inflammation and pain characteristic of gout.
		For people who have uric acid kidney stones or gout, foods that are high in purine content should be avoided, including organ meats (like liver and kidneys), sardines and anchovies.
	www.labtestsonline.org /understanding/analytes/uric_acid/test.html (513 words)

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