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Topic: Urn problem

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	Urn problem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		An urn problem is an idealized thought experiment in which some objects of real interest (such as atoms, people, cars, etc.) are represented as colored balls in an urn or other container.
		Urn problems have been a part of the theory of probability since at least the publication of the Ars conjectandi by Jakob Bernoulli (1713).
		This problem was known as the inverse probability '' problem, and was a topic of research in the eighteenth century, attracting the attention of Abraham de Moivre and Thomas Bayes.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Urn_problem.html (780 words)

	Urn - Wikipedia Mirror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Romans placed the urns in a niche in a collective tomb called a "columbarium" (literally, "dovecote": the interior of a dovecote is usually covered in rows of niches to house doves).
		The discovery of a Bronze Age urn burial in Norfolk prompted Sir Thomas Browne to deliver a careful description of the antiquties found, and then expand to give a survey of most of the burial and funerary customs, ancient and current, of which his era was aware, in Hydriotaphia or Urn Burial (1658).
		Urns are a common form of architectural detail and garden ornament.
	www.wiki-mirror.be /index.php/Urn (269 words)

	Urn » Blog Archive » Plant urn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Plant urn others, plant urn rather plant urn than to return of plant urn their own depth, plant urn and a great overthrow plant urn was given name plant urn scheme.
		To plant urn be plant urn nameless plant urn in plant urn worthy plant urn and plant urn honoured plant urn friend, thomas le gros.
		Plant urn ready to be seen in plant urn that plant urn it easy as I plant urn believe the future developments plant urn of their inscriptions.
	urn.niceval.net /2006/6/25/plant-urn (651 words)

	Urn - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A urn is a vase that usually has a footed pedestal.
		Funeral urns were used by many civilizations, as after their death, the bodies were were cremated and their ashes were typically collected in an urn.
		Romans placed the urns in a niche in a collective tomb called a "columbarium" (literally, "dovecote").
	encyclopedia.onlinereference.info /index.php/Urn (69 words)

	Haney, "Hermeneutics for Sophomores" - "Ode on a Grecian Urn": Hypercanonicity & Pedagogy - Praxis Series - ...
		The "Urn" is a particularly good text for these issues because, like all of Keats's odes, but especially the "Ode to Psyche" and the "Ode to a Nightingale," it is so self-conscious about its own interpretive practice.
		For the speaker of the "Urn," this generic interpretive difficulty is exacerbated by the fact that his particular object of interpretation is frustratingly both within and beyond his horizon.
		The urn's refusal to identify the figures ("what men or gods are these?") that are, however, clearly visible.
	www.rc.umd.edu /praxis/grecianurn/contributorsessays/grecianurnhaney.html (2023 words)

	CSDL - Research - URN
		URN is an Egret-based system designed to address the "information explosion" that occurs through use of world-wide information resources such as the Internet USENET newsgroups, gopher, and so forth.
		URN attempts to exploit collaboration among people with similar interests to support incremental restructuring, classification, and filtering of these information sources.
		URN is designed to explore the representations and processes needed to provide a model of the interests of individuals within the group that can be used to predict the relevancy of future Usenet contributions.
	csdl.ics.hawaii.edu /Research/URN/URN.html (380 words)

	Hall - "Keats's Widely-Taught and Well-Wrought 'Urn'" - "Ode on a Grecian Urn": Hypercanonicity & Pedagogy - Praxis ...
		The poem seeks to idealize the urn, that is, as an embodiment (and thus an expression), as an incarnation (and thus a revelation) of transcendent and intelligible meaning in a sensible form.
		In stanza one, for example, the urn is represented as both "historian" and poet, but the speaker cannot decode the "flowery tale" it tells, a readerly and writerly failure intensified, as already mentioned, in stanza four.
		A similar problem unfolds in stanza five as the speaker seeks to elicit from the urn a transcendental message both aesthetic and ontological that will bring the poem to thematic and formal closure and that will confirm the urn's (and the poem's) status as a revelatory Romantic symbol.
	www.rc.umd.edu /praxis/grecianurn/contributorsessays/grecianurnhall.html (1330 words)

	DP96: Defining a Uniform Resource Name Field
		URNs improve upon URLs because they are intended to provide a globally unique, location independent identifier that can be used for identification of the resource, and to thus facilitiate access to both metadata ("data about data") about it and to the resource itself.
		URN groups reached outline agreement on most of the major issues at a meeting of URN groups in October 1995 at the University of Tennessee.
		The disadvantage to this approach is that it puts the URN at the copy level (field 856 is in the holdings block of fields, similar to field 852 for the library location).
	www.loc.gov /marc/marbi/dp/dp96.html (2204 words)

	URN-project
		URNs could provide to the electronic publishimg of scientific journals all the elements to generate enthusiasm to the scientific community: permanency of the rssource, ease of access to the ressource, methodical referencing of the resource similar to the journal itself, and best of all: faster availability of the publications.
		A URN request should look like: urn:namingauthority:reference, where the reference, in the case of scientific publication will be: journalname.issue#.volume#.page#.html So, full request from the user will be: urn:namingauthority:journalname.issue#.volume#.page# The request is sent to the namingauthority, a server on the internet that is DNS resolved, and that has, by some means, a real insurance of permanence.
		The URN resolution could only prompt you the reference that is the closest to you or a list of reference, with their locality.
	www.cs.utk.edu /~phanset/URN (1641 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page : U/U/URN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		URN is TLA which represents one of several ideas: Uniform Resource Name, a subset of Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs).University Radio Nottingham, a university radio station.
		Urnes stave church (Urnes stavkyrkje) is a stave church at the Ornes farm, near Lustrafjorden in Luster municipality, Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway.
		Urn moss is a moss of the genus Physcomitrium.
	www.alanaditescili.net /browse.php?title=U/U/URN (675 words)

	Resolution of Uniform Resource Identifiers using the Domain Name System
		To lessen this problem, the NAPTR rules are always applied to the original URI, never to the output of previous rules.
		First, URN resolution is new to the IETF and we wish to gain operational experience before recommending any procedure for the standards track.
		Resolution services are operations such as N2R (URN to Resource), N2L (URN to URL), N2C (URN to URC), etc. These will be discussed in the URN Resolution Services document[6], and their behavior in a particular resolution protocol will be given in the specification for that protocol (see [5] for a concrete example).
	www.somebody.net /urn.html (5405 words)

	[No title]
		URN resolution is therefore an in-principle terminating process, which is a positive point in favour of the scheme.
		Tying URN construction and assignation to resolution in any way is a stringent limit on the freedom of future Internet engineering to exploit new technologies.
		The proposed URN sysntax itself consists simply of the naming authority name paired with the opaque string assigned to the resource by that authority.
	www.ifla.org /documents/libraries/cataloging/metadata/urn9.txt (1724 words)

	Genre pedagogy and EFL Speaking
		In the role play enacted in the context building stage, there is little to suggest that May and Urn provide assistance to each other in their endeavours to use English to get the job of exchanging a faulty good done successfully.
		Second, note below how Urn has set herself the goal of attempting to successfully use the comparative structure, which was not a focus at any of the stages of the cycle, but had been in a previous unit of work.
		Urn, an active agent in her own language learning, took a socially situated opportunity to develop her ability to use a grammatical structure more successfully.
	homepage.mac.com /philchappell/PC/genre-oralskills.html (5791 words)

	URNs, citations in web authoring
		In his analysis of the problems caused by changed URIs Tim Berners-Lee notes that a URI should be persistent and that when we tie it too closely to the underlying architecture, whether technical or political, we are opening ourselves to future problems.
		A particular scheme, urn:, specified by RFC2141 and related documents, intended to serve as persistent, location-independent, resource identifiers.
		Using URNs to reference academic papers has given me the opportunity to gain a persistent quality to my links, this is a great benefit to me, and in the future I hope that it will be a benefit in integrating the articles and reports I have written into the semantic web.
	www.benmeadowcroft.com /webdev/articles/urns-and-citations (2244 words)

	Tea Urn
		funerary urn]] :''For the computing term, see URN.'' A urn is a vase that usually has a footed pedestal.
		''Hydriotaphia or Urn Burial or a Brief Discourse of the Sepulchral Urns lately found in Norfolk'', is a work published in 1658 by Sir Thomas Browne.
		Its nominal subject was the discovery of a Bronze Age urn burial in Norfolk.
	www.behindthefridge.com /pages6/88/tea-urn.html (631 words)

	Determination of Probabilities 1: Tree Diagrams
		Urn Problem : Suppose we have an urn with 30 blue balls and 50 red balls in it and that these balls are identical except for color.
		Even for this simple problem there are 82160 elements in the sample space.
		But note that this problem is sequential in nature; i.e, there are 3 steps (draw Ball 1, draw Ball 2, and draw Ball 3).
	www.stat.wmich.edu /s160/book/node23.html (786 words)

	Binomial Theorem, Permutations and Combinations and Ball and Urn Examples, Brett Fletcher(A5), Leslie Myles(A5), and ...
		Problem type three has a long and complex formula which is described to you on pages 370-371 in the Discrete Algorithmic Mathematics book the Third Edition.
		Problem type four has no formula to solve it but is rather easy to figure out.
		So there are 5 different ways to pu the balls in the urns for this problem.
	coweb.math.gatech.edu:8888 /linear/705 (916 words)

	Thoughts on the URN Problem
		No one denies the validity of the Bayes formula, of course, but I am not convinced that it can be applied to the urn problem in the way McCormick suggests.
		Note that the value p is to be my Bayesian prior relating to the balls in a particular urn and in this context the use of the binomial formula is not itself a Bayesian prior.
		My conclusion is that the Bayes formula can and should be used to show the logical relationship between the various probabilities involved in a problem but if the process is taken beyond this point it may only offer fool’s gold.
	www.vector.org.uk /archive/v214/urn214.htm (607 words)

	Urn problem - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Pólya's urn: an urn initially contains r red and b blue marbles.
		Elections in medieval and renaissance Venice, including that of the doge, often included the choice of electors by lot, using balls of different colors drawn from an urn.
		This problem was known as the inverse probability problem, and was a topic of research in the eighteenth century, attracting the attention of Abraham de Moivre and Thomas Bayes.
	www.gurgaongrid.com /mediawiki/index.php/Urn_problem (363 words)

	Counting Problems Using Balls and Urns-- Corey Cato (A1) and Kristy Hanson (A1)
		Although these counting problems appear to be complex most can be simplified into one of the four basic situations using balls and urns.
		You start at Urn A and move down the row placing x number of balls in each urn making sure that by Urn F you have used all eight balls.
		Additional Problem: A counting problem initially may not look like a ball and urn problem but can easily be solved by thinking of the variables as either distinguishable or indistinguishable balls or urns and then applying one of the four basic formulas.
	coweb.math.gatech.edu:8888 /linear/755 (1060 words)

	[No title]
		Leslie offered that a URN could point to a specific day's weather and another could refer to today's weather, and these were pointing to the same thing but were not equivalent.
		Whether or not implementors would use urn: was left up to them for their own local products, but in transmission the urn: would be required.
		The problem with urn: seems to be at the user interface and user services level.
	www.ietf.org /ietf/urn/urn-minutes-96dec.txt (1066 words)

	Finite Sampling Models
		This chapter explores a number of models and problems based on sampling from a finite population.
		Sampling with replacement from a finite population leads naturally to the birthday and coupon-collector problems.
		Sampling without replacement form an ordered population leads naturally to the matching problem and to the study of order statistics.
	www.math.uah.edu /stat/urn (89 words)

	Problem B - Bangladesh 2002 Programming Contest
		Initially, one urn has one ball and the other urn has two balls and exactly one ball in each urn is red.
		Then one white ball is added in each urn and you are again asked to pick up one ball from each urn then again one white ball is added in each urn.
		You will have to determine the probability that in any of your pickups both of the picked balls were red and also the probability that all of your picked balls were red after certain steps.
	acm.uva.es /p/v101/10169.html (271 words)

	DOI Factsheet
		In practice, the URN specification defines (1) a formal registration process as a urn namespace, e.g., urn:doi:10.1000/1 and (2) accompanying specifications to implement a series of functional requirements for such namespaces.
		Such identifiers may be implemented using a specially written URN plug-in and resolved to URLs: functionally this gives nothing beyond the functionality achieved by coherent management of the corresponding URLs.
		URN resolutions are then delegated to that scheme-specific resolution service.
	www.doi.org /factsheets/DOIIdentifierSpecs.html (1635 words)

	Reply to “Thoughts on the URN problem
		This problem is to estimate, given an urn known to contain only fl and white balls, the probability that all of the balls are white after a number of white and only white balls have been drawn, with replacement.
		In the original article, I did not delve deeply into this problem as it was mostly intended to introduce the notion of probability as a distribution in contrast to the naïve notion of probability as a point estimate.
		A strength of the dynamic linear models that were the focus of the article is that they simultaneously estimate both means and variances, so it’s important to understand probabilities as distributions.
	www.vector.org.uk /archive/v222/urn.htm (726 words)

	Hume’s Problem of Induction
		Still we don’t think the argument is logically fallacious; the reasoning here is pretty good – while not guaranteed to be true, the conclusion still seems supported by the evidence, and so seems at least likely to be true.
		At this point, Hume adopts a “skeptical solution” to the problem: the strategy here is to translate statements about matters the skeptic claims we can’t have any knowledge about into statements about things our knowledge of which is not thrown into question.
		So statements about the causal powers of things really should be reconceived as statements about the connections in our minds between the ideas of those things.
	www.unlv.edu /faculty/beisecker/Courses/Phi-101/Induction.htm (1057 words)

	Stanza by Stanza Questions on "Ode on a Grecian Urn"
		Keats was an advocate of artistic "negative capability," a critical term that implies the artist possesses the ability to lose himself in the contemplation of and self-identification with his subject.
		All three scenes on the urn obliquely allude to the story of the god Pan.
		Late in 1817, in other words after the composition of "Ode on a Grecian Urn," Keats formulated the theory of "Negative Capability," a quality he thought essential in poetry.
	www.victorianweb.org /previctorian/keats/urnlqpva.html (1121 words)

	Urns by Everlife Memorials (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Our urns are made by the same craftsmen as the urns sold by funeral homes in your town, yet our low overhead allows us to offer lower prices.
		There was a small problem with one urn and it was replaced promptly and politely, with no quibbling.
		More than providing quality urns, we believe part of our job is to make this difficult purchase a little easier.
	www.everlifememorials.com /ppc-g/urns-3.htm (396 words)

	Euler on probability and statistics
		According to Todhunter, the problem was solved by Montmort and N. Bernoulli.
		Daniel Bernoulli is justly famous for his paper on risk in which he proposed a solution to the problem.
		More documents related to this problem are located in pages devoted to D'Alembert.
	cerebro.xu.edu /math/Sources/Euler/index.html (2234 words)

	Introduction to PURLs
		For librarians, it is a serious problem which compromises their service to patrons and imposes an unacceptably large burden on catalog maintenance.
		The persistence requirement of URN schemes is not a technological issue so much as an outcome of the social structures that evolve to meet a common community need.
		Some URN proposals would allow the same resource to move, but would not allow a different resource to be associated with the URN.
	purl.oclc.org /docs/inet96.html (2942 words)

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