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Topic: Use of poison gas in World War I

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	Use of poison gas in World War I - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first use of gas by the British was at the Battle of Loos, 25 September 1915 but the attempt was a disaster.
		Gas never reproduced the dramatic success of 22 April 1915; however, it became a standard weapon which, combined with conventional artillery, was used to support most attacks in the later stages of the war.
		Gas shells could be delivered without warning, especially the clear, nearly odourless phosgene — there are numerous accounts of gas shells, landing with a "plop" rather than exploding, being initially dismissed as dud HE or shrapnel shells, giving the gas time to work before the soldiers were alerted and took precautions.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Use_of_poison_gas_in_World_War_I (3895 words)

	Encyclopedia: World War I
		World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machineguns, and poison gas.
		World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, the War of the Nations and the War to End All Wars, was a world conflict occurring from 1914 to 1918.
		World War I proved to be the decisive break with the old world order, marking the final demise of absolutist monarchy in Europe.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/World-War-I (11183 words)

	mustard gas on Encyclopedia.com
		chemical compound used as a poison gas in World War I. The burning sensation it causes on contact with the skin is similar to that caused by oil from fl mustard seeds.
		Mustard gas was introduced by the Germans in warfare against the British at Ypres, Belgium, in July, 1917, and took a heavy toll of casualties.
		It is dispersed as an aerosol by a bursting shell.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/m1/mustardg.asp (695 words)

	First World War.com - Weapons of War - Poison Gas
		Considered uncivilised prior to World War One, the development and use of poison gas was necessitated by the requirement of wartime armies to find new ways of overcoming the stalemate of unexpected trench warfare.
		Ironically its use ought not to have been a surprise to the Allied troops, for captured German soldiers had revealed the imminent use of gas on the Western Front.
		With the Armistice, such was the horror and disgust at the wartime use of poison gases that its use was outlawed in 1925 - a ban that is, at least nominally, still in force today.
	www.firstworldwar.com /weaponry/gas.htm (1737 words)

	Poison Gas and World War One
		Poison gas was probably the most feared of all weapons in World War One.
		Poison gas was indiscriminate and could be used on the trenches even when no attack was going on.
		Poison gas (chlorine) was used for the first time at the Second Battle of Ypres in April 1915.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /poison_gas_and_world_war_one.htm (1118 words)

	AllRefer.com - poison gas (Organic Chemistry) - Encyclopedia
		However, except for the use of poison gas by the Italians in the war against Ethiopia (1935–36) and by the Japanese against Chinese guerrillas (1937–42), poison gas was not employed in warfare after World War I out of fear of retribution, even though the military powers of the world continued to develop new gases.
		Poison gas was used in the Iran-Iraq War, and Iraq has used poison gas on its own civilians, in particular the Kurds.
		In the Persian Gulf War, the UN troops were equipped with antidotes for nerve gas, protective clothing, and gas masks in case Iraq used poison gas.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/P/poisonga.html (452 words)

	Poison Gas Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		One of the earliest reactions to the use of chemical agents was from Rome.
		Sparta wasn't alone in its use of unconventional tactics during these wars: Solon of Athens is said to have used hellebore roots to poison the water in an aqueduct leading from the Pleistrus River around 590 BC during the siege of Cirrha.
		During World War II, chemical warfare was revolutionized by Nazi Germany's accidental discovery of the nerve agents tabun, sarin and soman.
	popularityguide.com /encyclopedia/Poison_gas (6304 words)

	World War I - Questionz.net , answers to all your questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Britain's declaration of war against Germany (August 4) was officially the result not of her understandings with France and Russia (Britain was technically allied to neither power), but of Germany's invasion of Belgium, whose independence Britain had guaranteed to uphold (1839), and which stood astride the planned German route for invasion of Russia's ally France.
		Dissatisfaction with the Russian government's conduct of the war grew despite the success of the June 1916 Brusilov offensive in eastern Galicia against the Austrians, when Russian success was undermined by the reluctance of other generals to commit their forces in support of the victorious sector commander.
		Although the First World War led to the development of air forces, tanks, and new tactics (like the Rolling barrage and Crossfire), much of the action took place in the trenches, where thousands died for each square metre of land gained.
	www.questionz.net /War/World_War_I.html (4032 words)

	Gas masks in World War One
		Gas masks used in World War One were made as a result of poison gas attacks that took the Allies in the trenches on the Western Front by surprise.
		Early gas masks were crude as would be expected as no-one had thought that poison gas would ever be used in warfare as the mere thought seemed too shocking.
		By now, the mask had an appearance on what we would assume a gas mask to have and its value can be seen in the number of fatalities the British suffered as a result of poison gas - 8,100 - far fewer than the total British deaths of the first day of the Somme.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /gas_masks_in_world_war_one.htm (273 words)

	World War I, The Use of Poison Gas
		Whatever gas it is, it spreads rapidly and remains close to the ground.
		That such devices might be used in war has been known for a long time, but the positive prohibitions of The Hague Conference have prevented the more civilized nations of Europe from going far with experiments in this line.
		The effect of the noxious trench gas seems to be slow in wearing away.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/1915/chlorgas.html (856 words)

	Trenches on the Web - Armory: Gas Warfare
		Gas was a nuisance, a crippling nuisance, often only wounding and causing widespread panic instead of outright killing.
		The cannister gas mask was developed to protect the soldier from the use of chlorine gas and tearing agents such as xylyl bromide.
		Gas was invented (and very successfully used) as a terror weapon meant to instill confusion and panic among the enemy prior to an offensive.
	www.worldwar1.com /arm006.htm (1180 words)

	war and social upheaval: World War II air campaign -- poison gas chemical weapons (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Poison gas was first used in World War I. Poison gas was first been developed by a German Jewish scientist working for the Whermacht.
		Gas because of its stealth and horendous effects was perhaps, the most terror-inspiring of all the World War I weapons.
		Gas was prominently outlawed in the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, formally ending World War I. There were also provisions outlawing the use of poison gas in the the 1922 Treaty of Washington and in the 1925 Geneva protocol signed by more than 40 countries, including the United States.
	histclo.hispeed.com /essay/war/ww2/air/ac-gas.html (1641 words)

	WILPF and Chemical Warfare, Introduction
		This attack was the first successful use of poison gas during World War I. The heavy Allied losses gave notice of the power of this new form of warfare.
		Fries said that poison gas was "at one and the same time the most powerful and the most humane method of warfare ever invented."[3].
		After the war, in the face of public sentiment that opposed the use of poison gas, Fries waged a public relations campaign to save the Chemical Warfare Service from being disbanded, and in 1920 the service became a permanent part of the U.S. military.
	womhist.binghamton.edu /chemwar/intro.htm (1001 words)

	poison gas on Encyclopedia.com
		Vesicants (blister gases) produce blisters on all body surfaces (see lewisite ; mustard gas); lacrimators (tear gas) produce severe eye irritation; sternutators (vomiting gases) cause nausea; nerve gases inhibit proper nerve function; and lung irritants attack the respiratory tract, causing pulmonary edema.
		However, except for the use of poison gas by the Italians in the war against Ethiopia (1935-36) and by the Japanese against Chinese guerrillas (1937-42), poison gas was not employed in warfare after World War I out of fear of retribution, even though the military powers of the world continued to develop new gases.
		Poison control centers: where emergencies are the routine.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/p1/poisonga.asp (570 words)

	war and social upheaval: World War I poison gas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Poison gas was first used in World War I. In the years leading up to the War there was a firious arms race involving battleships, improved artillery, machine guns, and many other modern weapons.
		One of the chemicals developed was Zyclon-B, the nerve agent used by the SS in the World war II Holocaust.
		Gas had been widely used on the Western Front in World War I. After the War, the major world powers outlawed the use of poison gas in war.
	www.histclo.hispeed.com /essay/war/ww1/misc/ww1-gas.html (1404 words)

	The AOL CANADA Crossword World Wars I & II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Of the approximately 1,200 lives that were lost, 128 were American citizens -which contributed indirectly to the entry of the United States into World War I on the side of The Allies on April 6th, 1917 with its declaration of war on Germany.
		* In World War I, it was one of The Allies.
		In World War II, it was part of The Axis.
	www.viewz.com /crossword/aolcrossworldwars20021104webpage.htm (655 words)

	World War I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		See Wars of the 20h Century for various totals given for the number that died in this war.
		For instance, is it proper to consider the Influenza pandemic (see below) as part of the overall death count for the war, given the important part the War played in its transmission?
		Hew Strachan ed.: "The Oxford Illustrated History of the First World War" is a collection of chapters from various scholars that survey the War.
	usapedia.com /w/world-war-i.html (4151 words)

	Did AL Gore "me-too" Pete Domenici, over World War I Uncle (Vanity) [Free Republic]
		Daniel Patrick Moynihan, D-N.Y., recalled the history of the use of poison gas in World War I. In its aftermath, he said, President Woodrow Wilson failed to consult Republicans and the League of Nations Covenant was lost.
		LaFon was a World War II Army veteran and a member of the Church of Christ, American Legion Post 12 and Veterans of Foreign Wars Post 6496.
		Pryor of Arkansas commented that a gulf war would be fought for the most part by the sons and daughters of the country's working class.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a39dbe4d535a9.htm (2640 words)

	Secure Gas Mask--Secure Online Ordering for Your Secure Gas Mask
		the possibility of the use of poison gas as a weapon was already envisaged and was viewed by most people with a peculiar horror-a feeling that has persisted.
		Shortly afterward protective measures (gas mask) were introduced as both sides used gas more extensively.
		The World Health Organization has warned governments to prepare for possible biological or chemical weapons attacks.
	www.securegasmask.com /ChemWarfare.htm (498 words)

	poison gas
		Poison Gas 4 21 0524 Japan had 3 (Kyodo World News Service)
		Poison Gas 6 14 0526 Gov't mission looking into wartime poison (Kyodo World News Service)
		Poison gas hot line launched as Japan grapples with deadly war leftovers (AP Worldstream)
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0839475.html (428 words)

	First World War.com - A multimedia history of World War One
		Read a biographical sketch of the German Kaiser who led his country into war in 1914.
		Browse a collection of potted summaries of the First World War as fought at sea.
		Read a brief summary of the role that flamethrowers played during the early stage of the Great War.
	www.firstworldwar.com (124 words)

	mustard gas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		in World War I. The burning sensation it causes on contact with the skin is similar to that caused by oil from fl mustard seeds.
		The diversity of the effects of sulfur mustard gas inhalation on respiratory system 10 years after a single, heavy exposure: analysis of 197 cases.
		US troops treated for poisoning by mustard gas; WAR ON IRAQ: EXPERTS BELIEVE THEY MAY HAVE FOUND CRUCIAL NERVE AGENTS.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0834601.html (351 words)

	ipedia.com: Use of poison gas in World War I Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		ipedia.com: Use of poison gas in World War I Article
		Table of contents 1 Gas Casualties 1.1 British gas casualties 2 Gases used in WW I 2.2 Estimated production of gases Gas Casualties Nation Casualties Fatal Non-Fatal Russia 50,000 400,000 Germany 10,0...
		Use of poison gas in World War I Article - ipedia.com
	www.ipedia.com /use_of_poison_gas_in_world_war_i.html (97 words)

	Use of poison gas in World War I - Questionz.net , answers to all your questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Use of poison gas in World War I - Questionz.net, answers to all your questions
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	www.questionz.net /War/World_War_I/Use_of_poison_gas.html (159 words)

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