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Topic: Utilitarianism

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		Utilitarianism is both a theory of the good and a theory of the right.
		In a similar vein, utilitarian anarchist William Godwin famously observed that if the life of the Archbishop of Cambray is preferable to the life of his chambermaid, the fact that the latter is my mother "would not alter the truth of the proposition".
		Utilitarianism influenced economics, in particular utility theory, where the concept of utility is also used, although with quite different effect.
	wikiwhat.com /encyclopedia/u/ut/utilitarianism.html (806 words)

	utilitarianism - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		UTILITARIANISM [utilitarianism], in ethics, the theory that the rightness or wrongness of an action is determined by its usefulness in bringing about the most happiness of all those affected by it.
		Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism, which advocates that those actions are right which bring about the most good overall.
		Herbert Spencer developed an evolutionary utilitarian ethics in which the principles of ethical living are based on the evolutionary changes of organic development.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/u/utilitar.asp (366 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Utilitarianism
		Utilitarianism is a modern form of the Hedonistic ethical theory which teaches that the end of human conduct is happiness, and that consequently the discriminating norm which distinguishes conduct into right and wrong is pleasure and pain.
		It is the condemnation of Utilitarianism that this estimate of duty is thoroughly consistent with the system; and no defender of the utility theory has been able, though some have tried, to indicate the claims of moral obligation on Positivistic Utilitarian grounds.
		The argument over which he, the author of a formidable work on logic, endeavours to pass from the first to the second position, may serve as an example suitable to submit to the beginner in logic when he is engaged in the detection of sophisms.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/15241c.htm (1544 words)

	Ethics Updates - Utilitarianism
		The classic texts for utilitarianism are those of Jeremy Bentham, John Stuart Mill, and Henry Sidgwick.
		See John Stuart Mill, Utilitarianism: Text with Critical Essays, edited by Samuel Gorovitz (Indianapolis, Indiana: Bobbs-Merrill, 1971); Mill's Utilitarianism: Text and Criticism, edited by James M. Smith and Ernest Sosa (Belmont, California: Wadsworth, 1969); and On Liberty: Annotated Text, Sources and Background, edited by David Spitz (New York: Norton, 1975).
		In addition to these anthologies, see The Limits of Utilitarianism, edited by Harlan B. Miller and William H. Williams (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1982) as well as the collection of essays in the Canadian Journal of Philosophy, supplementary volume 5 (1979).
	ethics.sandiego.edu /theories/Utilitarianism/index.asp (1234 words)

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