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Topic: Uyghur language

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Uighur language

Turkic languages

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Languages of China

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	RFA: China Imposes Chinese Language on Uyghur Schools
		A Uyghur teacher contacted by RFA said that ethnic minority teachers in her area were being forced to learn Chinese for use in schools.
		Their purpose is to eradicate Uyghur culture, and close the cultural differences between the Uyghur nation and the Chinese nation," he said.
		Uyghurs constitute a distinct, Turkic-speaking, Muslim minority in northwestern China and Central Asia.
	www.rfa.org /english/news/social/2004/03/16/130822 (565 words)

	Uyghur
		Uyghur is characterized by vowel harmony typical of all Altaic languages.
		A language is said to possess vowel harmony if it has a phonological rule that requires all vowels in a word to belong to a single class such as "round" or "front".
		Uyghur is considered to be a Category II language in terms of difficulty for speakers of English.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/march/Uyghur.html (369 words)

	Uyghur language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Uyghur is one of the southeastern Turkic languages, which is grouped by some linguists as a branch of Altaic.
		The Uyghurs are one of the 56 official nationalities in China, and Uyghur is an official language of Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region.
		The dialects of Uyghur identified by the Ethnologue are Central Uyghur, Hotan (Hetian), and Lop (Luobu).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Uyghur_language (1507 words)

	East-West Center: Research Publications: The Xinjiang Conflict: Uyghur Identity, Language Policy, and Political ...
		Language is central to ethnic identity, and official language policies are often overlooked as critical factors in conflict over ethnic nationalism.
		Uyghur is situated within a hierarchy of languages within Xinjiang, where it has become a supra-regional language but is clearly subordinate to the national Chinese language.
		Uyghur nationalists, whose reinvigorated sentiment is an unintended result of China’s minorities policy, have been distrustful of and dismayed at China’s apparent intentions for development of the region, which appears to bring yet more monoculturalism in the form of Han favoritism and cultural assimilation.
	www.eastwestcenter.org /res-rp-publicationdetails.asp?pub_ID=1589 (1545 words)

	Asia/ Bilingual education spreads Chinese to ethnic minorities - Uyghur American Association forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In one of the classrooms of this white, one-story school house, 47 students in the fourth grade are reading their "national language" textbook in a loud voice.
		Located in the town of Baxkeram Kant in the western part of the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, the school is attracting notice as a pioneering bilingual school, in which children of a minority people learn subjects not in their own language but in Chinese.
		Critics of the language programs say it is part of a plan by Beijing to neutralize ethnic minorities and force them to assimilate with the Han majority.
	www.uyghuramerican.org /forum/showthread.php?t=3006 (939 words)

	Wikinfo \| Uyghur (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Uyghurs (also called Uighurs, Uygurs, or Uigurs) (Chinese: 維吾爾 or 维吾尔 in pinyin: wéiwú'ěr) are a Turkic ethnic group of people living in northwestern China (mainly in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, where they are the dominant ethnic group together with Han people), Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.
		With conversion to Islam the traditional ethnonym Uyghur was dropped and the ancestors of modern Uyghurs identified themselves by the terms Turki and Musulman.
		A small number of Uyghurs also migrated to what is now Gansu provence in China around the late 9th Century, where they converted from Manicheism to Tibetan Buddhism - unlike their kinfolk further west, they did not later convert Islam (and are thus unusual amongst Turkic people).
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Uyghur (548 words)

	SPECIAL FILES / Diplomatic Observer
		BACKGROUND: Uyghur, the language of the largest ethnic group in Xinjiang, is a Turkic language closely related to Uzbek and less closely to Kazakh and Kyrgyz.
		Uyghur students have for many years had to make the difficult decision of whether to study in Chinese or their own language but this ruling deprives them even of that choice.
		The latest campaign affects all Uyghurs, not solely the militants, and carries the message that using the Uyghur language is a sign of disloyalty, if not an indication of support for terrorism.
	www.diplomaticobserver.com /special_read.asp?id=51 (1676 words)

	Foreign Language Opportunities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Uyghur is one of the main Turkic languages spoken in Central Asia.
		Native Uyghur speakers are Muslims, but there has been great religious diversity in the land of the Uyghurs, the language will introduce you (help you understand) Manichaeism, Buddhism, Shamanism, and other religions.
		Studying Uyghur helps you to understand rich and diverse ancient cultures, languages and religions, notable for their position on the Silk Road.
	www.indiana.edu /~college/foreignlanguage/uyghur/uyghur.shtml (118 words)

	Learn Uzbek Online - Write or Speak in Uzbek Language Exchange
		A language exchange complements other forms of learning such as classroom, cultural immersion and multimedia, because you get to practice all that you have learned with native speakers in a safe and supportive environment.
		Language exchange learning is also inexpensive because we provide free tips and conversation lesson plans that allow you to do a language exchange on your own.
		Hello My name is Farruh and i am interested in Korean Language very much and i would like to learn it from native speaker.I would be glad to meet or introduce with native speaker.I would like to thanks to all you for this help.With this aid through.....
	www.mylanguageexchange.com /Learn/Uzbek.asp (814 words)

	The Uyghur - English Dictionary Project
		This will allow user-compiler interaction in the correction and finalisation process: a forum has been set up to enable you to send comments, suggestions and criticisms, which are welcome since they will contribute to improving on this draft.
		Romanised Uyghur is written using the UKY system, which has become prevalent on the internet in the past few years.
		The spelling of Uyghur words follows the rules of the Xinjiang Language and Script Committee, in spite of all their imperfections.
	www.uyghurdictionary.org (501 words)

	chez Nadezhda :: Uyghur Separatism and the Politics of Islam in China's Western Frontier
		Uyghurs have been arrested for wearing headscarves or other forms of Islamic dress, employees of the state are forbidden from participating in daily prayer services, and, perhaps most daunting for the future of the faith, mosque attendance by those under eighteen years of age is forbidden (Fuller and Lipman 324, 341).
		It is this possibility — that the Uyghurs may turn towards foreign sources in the community of militant political Islam to feed their hunger for independence — that makes those news reports of captured bands of Uyghur mujahadeen in the caves of Afghanistan so alarming.
		Uyghur nationalists have already experienced discouragement as the United States, once seen as the best hope for recognition of their claims of persecution, has sided with the Chinese government and muted its criticisms in order to ensure Beijing's acquiescence for its war on terror in Central Asia and the greater Middle East.
	cheznadezhda.blogharbor.com /blog/_archives/2004/12/6/197546.html (7915 words)

	Foreign Language Dictionary links - yourDictionary.com
		There are 6,800 known languages spoken in the 200 countries of the world.
		New languages and dictionaries are constantly being added to yourDictionary.com; as a result, we have the widest and deepest set of dictionaries, grammars, and other language resources on the web.
		If you cannot find the language resources you want on line, yourDictionary now offers 25,000 language resources on tape, video, CD ROM, and in traditional book form for children and adults in cooperation with WorldLanguage.
	www.yourdictionary.com /languages.html (177 words)

	Uyghur - China-related Topics UU-UZ - China-Related Topics
		Modern usage of the Uyghur ethnonym as refering to the descendant settled Turkic urban oasis-dwelling and agricultural population of Xinjiang is widely credited as having first occured in 1921 with the establishment of the Organization of Revolutionary Uyghur (Inqilawi Uyghur Itipaqi), a Communist nationalist movement with intellectual and organizational ties to the Soviet Union.
		In fact, Uyghur students and merchants living in Russia had already embraced the name prior this date, drawing on Russian studies that established a linkage between the historical khanate and Xinjiang's current inhabitants.
		Official recognition of the Uyghurs came under the rule of Sheng Shicai, who deviated from the official Kuomintang "five races of China" stance in favor of a Stalinist policy of delineating fourteen distinct ethnic nationalities within Xinjiang.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Uyghur (720 words)

	ComingAnarchy.com » Blog Archive » Talking Turkey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Modern day Uyghurs are most likely the descendents of the mishmash that then intermarried with the historical Uyghurs, plus everybody else who has been there since (which during the Silk Road period was pretty much all of their neighbors, near and far).
		The Uyghur Kingdom from 744-840 had its capital on the Orkhon river, near the ruins of Karakorum, the later Mongol capital, in Mongolia – as Mutantfrog indicated.
		The Chinese say she was a Uyghur princess whom the Emperor fell in love with and doted over, a marriage that united the Uyghur and Chinese people.
	www.cominganarchy.com /archives/2006/04/05/talking-turkey (2221 words)

	KU EALC \| Uyghur Language Program
		Uyghur (ooey-GHUR say Uyghurs, WEE-gur say Americans) is a Central Asian Turkic language spoken along the Silk Route in Chinese Turkestan (Xinjiang).
		The Uyghurs, who number nearly ten million, are closely related to the Uzbeks, and have a rich body of literature, arts, music, and dance, that stretches back to the 9th century.
		Today, the language is geopolitically strategic as the region shares a border with Pakistan, Afghanistan, the Central Asian Turkic republics, Russia, and Mongolia.
	www2.ku.edu /~ealc/uyghur.html (236 words)

	Boise Weekly - Not Your Everyday Newspaper: Opinion: Ted Rall: SELLING OUT THE UYGHURS
		The massive Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, hundreds of miles beyond an eroded mound that was once the Great Wall, lies southwest of Mongolia, east of Afghanistan and north of the Tibetan plateau.
		The Uyghurs, whose rich pre-Muslim Buddhist culture gave their language (which can be written in Arabic and Roman script) to Genghis Khan's Mongol Empire, were a threat to national cohesion.
		Military insiders say most of the Uyghurs will eventually be released, but not to China--our ally in the "war on terrorism"--because they would probably be tortured and/or executed.
	www.boiseweekly.com /gyrobase/Content?oid=oid:158034 (1052 words)

	The Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst - UYGHUR LANGUAGE AND CULTURE UNDER THREAT IN XINJIANG
		Uyghur, the language of the largest ethnic group in Xinjiang, is a Turkic language closely related to Uzbek and less closely to Kazakh and Kyrgyz.
		Uyghur and Chinese are not related in any way and Uyghurs have to learn Chinese as a foreign language.
		Uyghur students have for many years had to make the difficult decision of whether to study in Chinese or their own language but this ruling deprives them even of that choice.
	coranet.radicalparty.org /pressreview/print_right.php?func=detail&par=2862 (1333 words)

	China Imposes Chinese Language on Uyghur Schools
		According to the official Xinjiang Daily newspaper, 50 ethnic minority schools located in counties and rural towns where ethnic minorities are dominant, but poor, will be merged with ethnic Chinese schools over the next five years.
		According to the Xinjiang Daily, the mergers are part of a drive to streamline and modernize education in the region, and will include opportunities for Uyghurs and other minorities to learn English.
		Most Uyghurs are poor farmers, and at least 25 percent are illiterate.
	www.uhrp.org /articles/146/1/China-Imposes-Chinese-Language-on-Uyghur-Schools/China-Imposes-Chinese-Language-on-Uyghur-Schools.html (643 words)

	Sorting It All Out : Uighur or Uyghur?
		Now if you look at the language and its Turkic roots (or maybe more accurately branches), the Uyghur/Uygur spelling is more satisfying in Turkish, from the standpoint of both orthography and phonology (not to mention avoiding the violation of Turkish vowel harmony that Uighur/Uigur would be guilty of).
		Given that most of the Turkic languages and peoples are not that well known to most English speakers, it strikes me as only natural that, at least in some cases, there may be in time a trend away from the more traditional spellings to ones that more closely resemble their actual native pronunciations.
		The language bar issue is by design and is not based on the ISO two letter language code (it is based on the Windows LOCALE_SABBREVLANGNAME, as I discuss in this post).
	blogs.msdn.com /michkap/archive/2006/07/15/666779.aspx (4659 words)

	Archive Detail
		The choice is between joining the new society or remaining Uyghur, and parents must make it for their children at an increasingly early age.
		Uyghur parents fear their children may become so equal that they cease to be different from the Chinese.
		Uyghur families now live in the shells of houses with walls torn open by the road.
	www.theecologist.org /archive_detail.asp?content_id=217 (1762 words)

	How to Learn Uzbek via Online Language Exchange
		This is a convenient way to do a language exchange.
		Click here for tips on doing a language exchange with your pen pals.
		I would like to have friend to practice and enhace my foreign language skills.
	www.mylanguageexchange.com /Learn/Type_Ex.asp?HU=Uzbek.asp (459 words)

	Kazakh Adoptive Families: Resources for learning the Kazakh language
		It consists of language and culture lessons on 13 topics: personal identification; classroom communication; conversation with a host counterpart or family; general communication; food; money; transportation; getting and giving directions; shopping at a bazaar; reception by a host family; workplace language; medical and health issues; and interaction with officials.
		The level of language of these texts varies and will be be appropriate for learners at all levels, including those currently enrolled in language courses and those seeking materials to maintain their previously-achieved competency.
		Students are encouraged to subscribe to the language podcasts of their choice in order to receive updated lessons or may visit our website regularly to download the material directly from us.
	kazakhadoptivefamilies.com /language.html (3263 words)

	Xinjiang, China
		For centuries the Uyghurs, whose name means "united" or "allied," were an important link between China and the rest of the world.
		The Uyghur people have suffered from persecution under communism, especially during the Cultural Revolution when many mosques were burnt by the Red Guards.
		Nevertheless, the Uyghurs' thousand-year-old traditions are slowly beginning to disappear as they are forced to embrace this new way of life.
	www.verber.com /mark/travel/xinjiang (874 words)

	The Hungarian Language
		The origin of the Hungarian language is one of the several mysteries that surround the early history of the Magyars.
		The most closely related language to Hungarian is spoken on the eastern side of the Ural Mountain in western Sibiria by Khanty and Manshi people.
		These words also show a general affinity to the so called Eastern-Turkic languages (see the Altaic language families) spoken in certain parts of Central-Asia, such as Kirghiz, Kazakh, and Uyghur, the language of the largest minority of China living on both sides of the Tien-Shan.
	studentorgs.utexas.edu /husa/language.html (886 words)

	Language Miniatures 114: Languages of Central Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Officially, the language is written today in an adaptation of the Arabic script - adding a few diacritical signs for a language that is unrelated to Arabic - though written Uyghur more and more uses the Cyrillic alphabet.
		Closely related Uyghur dialects are spoken in all the neighboring countries outside the Autonomous Region, while throughout the Region a 'Literary Uyghur' is recognized.
		The language, which goes by the name Tokharian, consists of two dialects named after the two towns in different parts of the Basin where the manuscripts were discovered.
	home.bluemarble.net /~langmin/miniatures/turkestan.htm (862 words)

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