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Topic: VDRL

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	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: VDRL
		VDRL is a screening test for syphilis that measures antibodies that can be produced by Treponema pallidum, the bacteria that causes syphilis.
		If an individual is suspected of having brain involvement with syphilis (neurosyphilis), the VDRL test may be performed on spinal fluid.
		The VDRL test's ability to detect syphilis depends on the stage of the disease.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003515.htm (628 words)

	BD - Diagnostic Systems: VDRL Test Control Serum Set
		The VDRL Antigen is a nontreponemal antigen composed of cardiolipin cholesterol and lecithin.
		VDRL Antigen is 0.03% cardiolipin and 0.9% cholesterol dissolved in absolute alcohol with sufficient lecithin (approximately 0.18 – 0.20%) to produce standard reactivity.
		VDRL Weakly Reactive Serum is a lyophilized human serum with 0.02% thimerosal as a preservative which is standardized to provide a weakly reactive reading when tested according to the VDRL test procedure.
	www.bd.com /ds/productCenter/235201.asp (1239 words)

	Vdrl Test: Encyclopedia of Public Health
		Like the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test, the VDRL test can be quantitated by examining serial dilutions of serum and can be used to follow the course of illness, including the response to therapy.
		The VDRL usually becomes reactive within the first few weeks after infection, peaks during the first year, and then slowly declines, so that low titers (levels) are seen in late syphilis.
		Although regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis, the VDRL test may be negative in 40 to 73 percent of patients.
	health.enotes.com /public-health-encyclopedia/vdrl-test (264 words)

	Screening by VDRL test to detect hidden cases of syphilis Gupta N, Gautam V, Sehgal R, Gill PS, Arora DR - Indian J Med ...
		VDRL reactivity fell from 3.9% in 1997 to 2.6% to 2.7% in the years 1999 and 2000 respectively.
		VDRL reactivity in samples obtained from Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Dermatology, and Medicine and Surgery departments was 1.57%, 16.16% and 8.4% respectively [Table - 1].
		VDRL test is a standardised, economical, sensitive and easy to perform test and we have extensive experience with its use.
	www.ijmm.org /article.asp?issn=0255-0857;year=2003;volume=21;issue=2;spage=118;epage=120;aulast=Gupta (1170 words)

	CONGENITAL SYPHILIS
		The mother was diagnosed to be VDRL positive during pregnancy, However, the child was not investigated for same after birth and was subsequently diagnosed only much later in life.
		VDRL usually becomes non-reactive in 1 year for treated primary syphilis and in 2 years for treated secondary syphilis.
		Since CSF VDRL is not very sensitive, all infants with diagnosis of congenital syphilis should be treated with regimen for neurosyphilis.
	www.pediatriconcall.com /fordoctor/CaseReports/congenital_syphilis.asp (847 words)

	Prevalence of HIV & VDRL seropositivity in blood donors of Delhi Indian Journal of Medical Research - Find Articles
		Seropositivity for HIV and VDRL was seen in 0.54 and 2.6 per cent of donors respectively.
		VDRL reactivity varies from 0.8 per cent in voluntary donors to more than 15 percent in paid commercial donors'.
		VDRL reactivity varies from 0.8 per cent in voluntary donors to more than 15 per cent in paid commercial donors9.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3867/is_200509/ai_n15743319 (977 words)

	VDRL test definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms easily defined on MedTerms
		VDRL test: A blood test for syphilis (VDRL stands for Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) that detects an antibody that is present in the bloodstream when a patient has syphilis.
		A negative (nonreactive) VDRL is compatible with a person not having syphilis, but in the early stages of the disease, the VDRL often gives false negative results.
		Conversely, a false positive VDRL can be encountered in infectious mononucleosis, lupus, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, hepatitis A, leprosy, malaria and, occasionally, pregnancy.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9221 (204 words)

	Discovery Health :: Medical Tests :: VDRL test
		The CSF VDRL test is for a sexually transmitted infection called syphilis.
		A healthcare professional may want to perform this test if he or she suspects a person has syphilis that involves the central nervous system, the brain, or the spinal cord.
		To perform the CSF VDRL test, a sample of cerebrospinal fluid is usually collected by a spinal tap, also known as a lumbar puncture.
	health.discovery.com /encyclopedias/illnesses.html?article=1537 (404 words)

	What Is Vdrl
		Dorothy what is vdrl serves on the board of the charitable foundation that was formed when the church disbanded in the 1990s.
		The covert use of drugs and alcohol during his former wife's pregnancy, caused the twin boys to be developmentally disabled, with one son being permanently brain damaged.
		With this what is vdrl the plugin dialogs have been improved, new sliders types were added and the text box behavior corrected.
	portpoint.newwindow.info /what-is-vdrl.html (1564 words)

	VDRL - Health Centers News Story - WKMG Orlando
		VDRL is a?screening test for syphilis that measures antibodies called reagins that can be?produced by Treponema pallidum, the bacteria which causes syphilis.
		However, the body does not always produce reagin specifically in response to the syphilis bacteria, so the test is not always accurate.
		The VDRL test's ability to detect syphilis depends on the stage of the disease.
	www.local6.com /encyclopedia/6864557/detail.html (732 words)

	Re: Will one still test 'reactive' to VDRL long after having been treated?
		Edgar, The VDRL is a blood test that detects antibodies in the blood to the spirochete bacterium "treponema pallidum" which causes syphilis.
		Interpreting the VDRL can be a little confusing because there are false positive test due to a variety of other condition as well as other spirochete infections.
		A quantitative VDRL in which the results are reported as being reactive after serial dilutions of the blood is very informative.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/dec97/876618923.Mi.r.html (439 words)

	Comparative Study of VDRL and TPHA and their Complementary Roles in Serodiagnosis of Syphilis (Site not responding. Last check: )
		VDRL and TPHA tests were compared in 200 sera obtained from various departments of Mumbadevi Homoeopathic Hospital - Vileparle.
		One hundred (100) patients which were negative for VDRL were subjected to dilution (Prozone phenomenon) and we found twenty (20) patients to be positive for VDRL in titre 1:8.
		The instances where VDRL negative and TPHA positive, may be the fully treated patient and in case of non-venereal treponemal infection.
	www.bhj.org /journal/2002_4401_jan/org_36.htm (1113 words)

	CSF VDRL test
		Blood screening tests, such as VDRL and RPR, are more effective during middle stage (secondary) syphilis.
		A reactive VDRL test when using a CSF sample indicates neurosyphilis.
		Since the CSF VDRL test can have false negative results, additional tests such as protein levels and white blood cell counts may be done on the spinal fluid to diagnose neurosyphilis.
	www.adventisthealthcare.com /adam/Health%20Illustrated%20Encyclopedia/1/003623.html (442 words)

	Bloodindex - Syphilis
		The antigen suspension used in the test must be prepared meticulosly prior to each run of test from a VDRL antigen stock.
		The VDRL antigen is composed of a colourless alcoholic solution of beef cardiolipin, cholesterol and lecithin.
		The antilipid antibodies react with the VDRL antigen suspension producing microflucculation.
	www.bloodindex.net /laboratory_diagnosis_of_syphilis.php (925 words)

	CSF VDRL Test - Health Centers News Story - WFTV Orlando
		Blood screening tests, such as VDRL and RPR, are more effective during middle stage (secondary) syphilis.
		A reactive VDRL test when using a CSF sample indicates neurosyphilis.
		Since the CSF VDRL test can have false negative results, additional tests such as protein levels and white blood cell counts may be done on the spinal fluid to diagnose neurosyphilis.
	www.wftv.com /encyclopedia/6864679/detail.html (674 words)

	OJHAS: 2005-3-2, Wiwanitkit V Biological false reactive VDRL test among the HIV-infected patients: A note on its ...
		A positive VDRL test, should be confirmed by treponemic techniques such as fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) and/or hemagglutination (TPHA) and therefore the interpretation of the VDRL results must be carefully done[1] as biological false reactive VDRL can be seen.
		In this study, VDRL test was performed in the same laboratory or in different laboratories (with related quality control and range of values) by standard method.
		The study on the VDRL results of 150 HIV (82 males, 68 females) infected, regardless to immune status (CD4+ count), was performed.
	www.ojhas.org /issue15/2005-3-2.htm (686 words)

	Syphilis Tests
		The VDRL test checks for an antibody that can be produced in people who have syphilis.
		The VDRL test may be done on a sample of blood or spinal fluid.
		The VDRL test is not very useful for detecting syphilis in very early or advanced stages.
	www.webmd.com /sexual-conditions/Syphilis-Tests (540 words)

	Evidence of seropersistent VDRL test reactivity in an elderly Treponema pallidum-infected population
		Using the VDRL test as the only one, or the first in a series of tests, leads to a diagnostic miss in the serological detection of latent and late syphilis, especially among older age group.
		It may be presumed based on the 49% persistence of VDRL reactivity coupled with the subjects' high mean age (53.15 years), which is appropriate to latent and late syphilis, that most subjects (70%) had either been untreated or insufficiently treated.
		Inserting the 1% reactivity to the VDRL reported in the literature for the treated (7), and the 70% reactivity to the VDRL test for the untreated who have latent and late syphilis (6), as well as our figure of 50% for theprevalence of the VDRL reactors, yields, in terms of proportion, a result of 0.7.
	www.mf.uni-lj.si /acta-apa/acta-apa-00-1/muic.html (2017 words)

	s010402a - CSF Evaluation of Neurosyphilis
		No patient had a positive cerebrospinal fluid VDRL test, 1 had more than 5 x 10(6) leukocytes per liter (5 leukocytes per mm3), and 6 (9%) had elevated total protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid.
		In 10 (45%) of these patients neurosyphilis was not diagnosed despite either abnormal or incomplete CSF biochemical analysis, indicating that if the CSF VDRL is used as the sole marker for disease activity, some cases of neurosyphilis are likely to be missed.
		Asymptomatic neurosyphilis, diagnosed on the basis of a reactive VDRL test of the CSF, was present in one (2%) of 49 patients.
	www.emory.edu /WHSCL/grady/amreport/litsrch00/s010402a.html (1424 words)

	Neurosyphilis in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India - Health - RedOrbit
		Laboratory and clinical evaluation: Diagnosis of neurosyphilis in clinically suspected cases was established by performing VDRL test in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the patients.
		Serum VDRL was found to be reactive (up to 64 dilutions) in all the 25 cases where as CSF VDRL was reactive in 18 (72%) patients.
		CSF VDRL is the most widely used test for diagnosi\s and is generally considered definitive evidence of neurosyphilis14,15 In our study reactive CSF VURL was observed in 72 per cent of the patients, reactive serum VDRL in all cases, elevated CSF protein in 88 per cent and CSF leukocytosis in 96 per cent.
	www.redorbit.com /news/health/302306/neurosyphilis_in_a_tertiary_care_hospital_in_north_india/index.html?source=r_health (2371 words)

	VDRL, Cerebrospinal Fluid (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A positive VDRL in a spinal fluid uncontaminated by serum is essentially diagnostic of neurosyphilis.
		In AIDS patients, serial CSF VDRL determinations may be needed when neurosyphilis is suspected.
		By requiring either a positive plasma RPR or FTA-ABS, seropositivity of CSF VDRL could increase to 90%.
	www.labcorp.com /datasets/labcorp/html/chapter/mono/se023300.htm (86 words)

	VDRL Medical Information
		VDRL is a screening test for syphilis that measures antibodies called reagins that can be produced by Treponema pallidum, the bacteria which causes syphilis.
		If an individual is suspected of having brain involvement with syphilis (neurosyphilis), the VDRL test may be performed on spinal fluid.
		The value of a negative test depends on the stage of syphilis that is suspected.
	www.drugs.com /enc/vdrl.html (645 words)

	VDRL Testing - Serology Testing Services - Public Health Laboratory - Public Health Division - Dept. of Health Services ... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		VDRL Testing - Serology Testing Services - Public Health Laboratory - Public Health Division - Dept. of Health Services - County of Sonoma, CA Public Health Home
		VDRL Testing is an aid in the diagnosis of syphilis and can detect lipoidal antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid by microflocculation.
		VDRL Testing is FDA approved for serum and cerebrospinal fluid specimens.
	www.sonoma-county.org /health/ph/laboratory/s_vdrl.htm (168 words)

	[No title]
		VDRL is a screening test for syphilis that measures antibodies called reagins
		VDRL test definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular...
		VDRL is ascreening test for syphilis that measures antibodies called reagins that
	www.howstuffworks.com /search2.php?pg=&server=www.howstuffworks.com&terms=vdrl (149 words)

	What is the reason for a long term positive VDRL? - AIDS - DoctorNDTV (Site not responding. Last check: )
		One of my patients' VDRL is positive for the past 8 years.
		Usually VDRL titre gradually falls over a 2 year period and is generally negative at the end of it.
		In about 5% patients it may remain positive in a low titre and such patients are referred to as serofast.
	www.doctorndtv.com /faq/detailfaq.asp?id=7312 (179 words)

	2.1.4.2 Serological Testing
		Nontreponemal tests (RPR, VDRL) are used to screen for syphilis and assess response to treatment.
		The same test (RPR or VDRL), and ideally done at the same laboratory, should be used to follow serologic titers.
		RPR titers are generally higher than VDRL titers, and are not directly comparable to VDRL titers to monitor response to therapy.
	www.bu.edu /cme/std/sec02/sec02-1.4.2.shtml (972 words)

	Texas Department of State Health Services - Reagin Based Flocculation Assays (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The VDRL tests are slide microflocculation tests that use an antigen containing cardiolipin, lecithin and cholesterol.
		The VDRL antigen forms flocculates when combined with lipoidal antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid from syphilis patients.
		RPR Card test is a macroscopic nontreponemal flocculation test that uses a modified VDRL antigen suspension containing choline chloride to eliminate the need to heat inactivate serum, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to enhance the stability of the suspension, and finely divided charcoal particles as a visualizing agent.
	www.dshs.state.tx.us /lab/serology_floc.shtm (195 words)

	terzaet@.com - VDRL
		La V.D.R.L. conserva un valore pratico; come test routinario è sensibile ma poco specifico, quindi da solo privo di significato diagnostico, ma spia efficace di situazioni anomale, che vanno ulteriormente chiarite con altre indagini.
		In considerazione del tipo di antigene, va ricordato che la VDRL può dar luogo a risposte aspecifiche in molte situazioni: per alterazioni transitorie o permanenti della plasmaprotidopoiesi, per squilibri chimico-fisici, per iperproduzioni anticorpali a seguito di malattie infettive acute e croniche.
		La VDRL può così essere positiva (falsi positivi) nei donatori di sangue, dopo vaccinazione o sieroterapia, nelle virosi, in malattie da schizomiceti, da protozoi, nell’infezione da HIV, nella lebbra, nelle malattie autoimmuni o da immunocomplessi.
	www.terzaeta.com /med/esami_lab/es_san/VDRL.html (259 words)

	SyphilisVI
		The VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test on CSF is available as a reference service for other laboratories.
		The VDRL on serum or CSF is performed once a week on Fridays.
		For those individuals whose titers remain positive at the end of one year, a nontreponemal test on a yearly basis is recommended.
	oregon.gov /DHS/ph/vi/syph.shtml (958 words)

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