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Topic: Rugby VLF transmitter

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	Rugby, Warwickshire information - Search.com
		Rugby School was founded in 1567 by money left in the will of Lawrence Sheriff; a locally born grocer, who moved to London and earned a fortune.
		Rugby became an important railway junction, and the proliferation of rail yards and workshops attracted workers to the town.
		The modern town of Rugby is an amalgamation of the original town with the former villages of Bilton, Hillmorton, Brownsover and Newbold-on-Avon which were incorporated into Rugby in 1932 when the town became a borough; all except Brownsover still have their former village centres.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Rugby,_Warwickshire (2037 words)

	Rugby, Warwickshire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The modern town of Rugby is an amalgamation of the original town with the former villages of Bilton, Hillmorton, Brownsover and Newbold-on-Avon which were incorporated into Rugby in 1932 when the town became a borough; all except Brownsover still have their former village centres.
		Rugby became a municipal borough in 1932 and absorbed the nearby parishes of Bilton, Hillmorton and Newbold-on-Avon.
		From 1926, near Rugby to its east was a large antenna farm for the Rugby VLF transmitter.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Rugby,_Warwickshire (2529 words)

	Encyclopedia: VLF transmitter Rugby (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Rugby is a market town in the county of Warwickshire in central England upon the River Avon.
		The transmitter GBR was shutdown on April 1st, 2003 after the British Navy cancelled its treaty to the British Telecom and made a new treaty with Merlin Broadcasting.
		Many immigrants came to Rugby, many of whom were Rugby School pupils' parents, who preferred their sons to be able to go to a normal home life each night instead of having to endure school conditions (poor food, crowding, bullies) 24 hours every day; in Rugby such immigrants were called "sojourners".
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/VLF-transmitter-Rugby (824 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/VLF transmitter Rugby
		The VLF transmitter Rugby is a large VLF transmission facility near the town of Rugby, Warwickshire in England.
		After the 1950s this transmitter, which had the callsign GBR and worked on 16 kHz was used for transmitting messages to dived submarines.
		A curiosity in the history of the VLF transmitter Rugby is that the records tubular bells of Mike Oldfield show the callsign of GBR on 16 kHz.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/VLF_transmitter_Rugby (358 words)

	Rugby VLF transmitter - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		After the 1950s this transmitter, active as callsign GBR (short for Great Britain) on 16 kHz, was used for transmitting messages to submerged submarines.
		The GBR transmitter was shutdown on April 1, 2003 after the Royal Navy didn't renew their contract with BT in favour of a new contract with VT Communications.
		The aerial system at the VLF transmitter existed between 1926 and 2004 and consisted of twelve 250 metre high, guyed steel framework masts insulated against ground and carrying an aerial wire.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/VLF_transmitter_Rugby (335 words)

	Rugby, Warwickshire: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The modern town of Rugby is an amalgamation of the original town with the former villages of Bilton, Hillmorton (Hillmorton: hillmorton is an area of the town of rugby, warwickshire, it comprises most of the eastern...
		Rugby became an urban district (urban district: in british and republic of irelandirish local government, an urban district is a...
		From 1926, near Rugby to its east was a large antenna (antenna: An electrical device that sends or receives radio or television signals) farm for the VLF transmitter Rugby (VLF transmitter Rugby: the vlf transmitter rugby is a large vlf transmission facility near the town of rugby, warwickshire...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/rugby_warwickshire (4019 words)

	Hillmorton - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hillmorton is an area of the town of Rugby, Warwickshire, it comprises most of the eastern half of the town.
		In the 20th century, the growth of Rugby subsumed Hillmorton, which was officially merged into the town in 1932, and the area is now effectively a suburb of the town.
		To the east of Hillmorton is the Rugby VLF transmitter known locally as the 'Hillmorton Radio Masts".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hillmorton (177 words)

	:::► Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄::: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Rugby School is one of England's oldest and most prestigious public school (England) public schools, and was the setting of Thomas Hughes's semi-autobiographical masterpiece ''Tom Brown's Schooldays''.
		Rugby is near the M6 motorway M6, M1 motorway (England) M1 and M45 motorways and the A45 road.
		From 1926, near Rugby to its east was a large antenna (electronics) antenna farm for the Rugby VLF transmitter.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Rugby,_Warwickshire.html (2752 words)

	Rugby Information - RugbyUK.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Rugby town centre is noted for its large number of pubs, and was for many years in the Guinness Book of Records for having the second highest number of pubs per square mile in England.
		The modern town of Rugby is an amalgamation of the original town with the former villages of Bilton, Hillmorton, Brownsover and Newbold-on-Avon which merged with Rugby as it expanded; all except Brownsover still have their former village centres.
		As well as the famous Rugby School, Rugby is home to the Lawrence Sheriff School for boys, one of the few remaining public grammar schools in England.
	www.rugbyuk.com /city-info (2454 words)

	The Inside Story of Criggion Radio Station
		The 25 short wave transmitters and their associated aerials disappeared from the scene in the early 1970s and the VLF (very low frequency) and the three LF (low frequency - about 100kHz) transmitters were hastily dismantled and scrapped when their services were closed down at the end of March, 2003.
		Beneath the plan of the original VLF and LF aerials a mesh of wires is buried in the ground to a depth of approximately 9 inches to form the earth system of all the transmitters at that end of the site.
		The VLF transmitter took over the Rugby traffic in 1943 on a frequency of 16 kHz when that station was destroyed by a fire not related to enemy action.
	www.oswestry-history.co.uk /criggion-radio-station.html (4383 words)

	Rec Fresh : Article 'VLF Transmitter Anthorn' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The VLF Transmitter Anthorn is a VLF transmitter near Anthorn, which is used for transmitting orders to submarines on 19.6 kHz.
		The VLF transmitter Criggion is a VLF transmitter for 19.6 kHz near Criggion, Wales.
		The aerial of VLF Transmitter Criggion was a wire aerial hung up on 3 freestanding steel framework towers (height 185 Metres) and a rock anchor.
	www.rec-fresh.net /DisplayArticle161489.html (100 words)

	Msf Transmitter Rugby - Big Rugby Guide
		The VLF transmitter Rugby is a large VLF transmission facility near the city...
		MSF Rugby is operated by British Telecom International, and is transmitted on the MSF 60 kHz signal via the transmitter at Rugby.
		The MSF transmitter at Rugby is at latitude 52Â° 22 N, and longitude 1Â° 11 W. The estimated equivalent monopole radiated power (EMRP) is 15 kW and the...
	www.bigrugbyguide.com /msf-transmitter-rugby.html (874 words)

	Rugby T antenna 100 kHz 1E
		Rugby is a market town in the county of Warwickshire in the West Midlands of England, on the River Avon.
		Rugby is located 13 miles (21 km) east of Coventry, on the eastern edge of Warwickshire, near the borders with Northamptonshire and Leicestershire.
		According to a legend the game "Rugby" or "Rugby football" was played the first time during a football match in the town of Rugby.
	www.waniewski.de /id469.htm (426 words)

	Encyclopedia: Rugby VLF transmitter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Download high resolution version (759x1000, 218 KB)The masts of the VLF transmitter Rugby Photo by G-Man May 2005 File links The following pages link to this file: List of masts VLF transmitter Rugby Categories: User-created public domain images...
		The MSF time signal is a broadcast from the VLF transmitter Rugby near Rugby, Warwickshire based on time standards maintained by the British National Physical Laboratory.
		April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 274 days remaining.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Rugby-VLF-transmitter (1154 words)

	Radio masts and towers - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Masts of the Rugby VLF transmitter in England
		Nowadays these towers are demolished, except for the transmitter Gliwice.
		Ferryside Relay is a TV relay transmitter using also a wood pole.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radio_masts_and_towers (1521 words)

	Transmitter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A transmitter is an electronic device which with the aid of an antenna propagates an electromagnetic signal such as radio, television, or other telecommunications.
		This is important, because the electric utility bill for the transmitter would be enormous otherwise, as would the cost of a transmitter.
		For VLF, LF, MF and SW the ERP is not determined separately.
	www.info-pedia.net /about/transmitter (367 words)

	[No title]
		By then the transmitter were frequency controlled by means of a temperature stabilised quartz crystal excited oscillator, followed by frequency multipliers and amplifiers up to a power of about 60kW and modulated by speech in the low power stages and this remained the basic design over a number of years.
		This high stability of transmission possible in the LF and VLF ranges began to assume great importance in other fields also, some new uses were found for the three original transmitters which at that time seemed largely to have outlived their usefulness.
		The MSF Standard was arranged to generate the carrier frequency for the GBR transmitter but it was found that there was phase shift inherent in the transmitter due to the magnetic attraction between the aerial tuning coils creating movement of the inductances when the transmitter was keyed.
	www.alan.melia.btinternet.co.uk /rugbyrs.htm (5265 words)

	Subterranea Britannica: Sites:criggion_radio
		Criggion radio station was born as a direct result of Hitler's war and the Admiralty's realisation that Rugby's VLF transmitter (callsign GBR), vital to the war at sea, had no standby and might be severely damaged or destroyed by stray bombs intended for nearby Coventry.
		Early in 1943 while Criggion's VLF transmitter was still in the testing stage, Rugby's GBR caught fire (not due to enemy action).
		The VLF transmitter and antenna were renewed in the late 1960s and the new equipment came into use in 1969.
	www.subbrit.org.uk /sb-sites/sites/c/criggion_radio/index.shtml (766 words)

	DX LISTENING DIGEST MARCH 2003 ARCHIVE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		By the further Beitrieb of the short wave transmitter Moosbrunn both the chances of the digitization of the short wave and the employment of the short wave for crisis periods become secured.
		A demo call was made thru a mobile service operator, and the recipient of the call describes the transmitter and receiver boxes in his car.
		Transmitters were destroyed on Wednesday night Sky reported which has isolated the city from communications with Baghdad.
	www.w4uvh.net /dxldtd3c.html (15494 words)

	Subterranea Britannica: Sites: Rugby Radio Station
		The tall masts of Rugby Radio Station (some 820ft high) are a familiar landmark to travellers on the M1 motorway, A5 trunk road and West Coast Main Line railway.
		Rugby's sole continuing function is to transmit time signals of guaranteed accuracy, derived from the standard time clock run by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL).
		The VLF (Long Wave) aerial systems are supported by twelve 820 ft. masts spaced at quarter mile intervals so that eight of them form an irregular octagon, while the remaining four provide two extensions to the north.
	www.subbrit.org.uk /sb-sites/sites/r/rugby_radio/index.shtml (911 words)

	Low Frequency Wireless Telecommunications and Shared Frequency-Allocation Links
		The remaining part is dissipated 'uselessly', in most cases converted to heat in or around the antenna.
		Depending on the PI-Filter components and voltage for the final stage this transmitter would be able to reach the 100 Watts output level.
		The prototype transmitter pictured above is designed to produce 400W output from a 45V supply.
	www.tfcbooks.com /special/lf/links.htm (1600 words)

	Articles - Very low frequency (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This is the simplest possible form of radio transmission, but it is hard for transmitters to transmit high power levels, and the signal can easily be swamped by atmospheric noise, so this is only really used for emergencies or basic testing.
		Because PC monitors are strong sources of noise in the VLF range, it is recommended to record the spectrograms on hard disk with the PC monitor turned off.
		The well known VLF transmitter GBR Rugby on 16 kHz was shut down on April 1, 2003.
	www.zgrey.com /articles/Very_low_frequency (918 words)

	[No title]
		These clocks are set an arbitrary 100 microseconds ahead of UTC (Rugby) to cater for the unavoidable delays in drive generators and transmitters.
		UTC (Rugby) is compared with UTC (NPL) by measurements at both sites relative to a readily identifiable edge in the field sync pulse train of the BBC TV transmission from Sandy Heath 2.
		UTC (Rugby) is currently maintained within 4 parts in 10^13 of agreement with UTC (BIH), a comfortable margin over the claimed stability of 3 in 10^12.
	sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov /operations/prelaunch/integration/EOFintegration/clock.txt (6158 words)

	AN AMERICAN VLF TRANSMITTER SITE...OR WAS IT?
		The object of the VLF station was to improve submarine communication coverage in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific.
		HF transmitters and receivers AERIALS are not to be found at the same site], the article gave one a pretty good idea of what the new station was all about.
		Rugby [and Criggion of course] differ greatly from NorthWest Cape [but we know it is Exmouth really] in several ways probably, but for the time being I am going to concentrate on just three differences.
	www.godfreydykes.info /AN%20AMERICAN%20VLF%20TRANSMITTER%20SITE...OR%20WAS%20IT.htm (1246 words)

	VLF transmitter Skelton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The VLF transmitter Skelton is a VLF transmitter near Skelton, Yorkshire run by Merlin Communications Ltd. in order to transmit coded orders to submarines.
		It uses as aerial a 365 metre high guyed steel framwork mast, which is insulated against ground.
		The VLF transmitter Skelton went in service in 2001 and is the predonator of GBR at VLF transmitter Rugby, which was shutdown on April 1st, 2003.
	vlf-transmitter-skelton.borgfind.com (87 words)

	List of masts - Art History Online Reference and Guide
		Radio masts for VLF, LF and MF often act directly as aerials and are therefore often insulated against ground.
		For high power transmitters in the MW range, masts with lengths around half of the radiated wavelength are preferred because they focus the radiated power better to the ground than constructions with heights of quarter wavelengths, which are preferred of economical reasons for low power medium wave transmitters.
		For longwave transmitters, however, the construction of masts with heights of half-wave wavelength is, because of economical reasons (and perhaps problems with the flight safety), in most cases impossible.
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/TV_masts (1382 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		As 2/3 of the VLF signals, actually are within the range of audio equipment, numerous mic and RIAA preamps, has been converted for VLF radio-reception.
		As the radio-signals in the VLF range penetrate water, they are very useful as one-way control and command links, for submarine forc es.
		Several of the VLF stations around the globe, are also at irregular times performing tests, on other frequencies, then their normal frequency of operation.
	www.wunclub.com /archive/files/ELF-VLF-GUIDE-v1.0.rtf (4386 words)

	VERY LOW FREQUENCY FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Therefore you connect an aerial for VLF in form of a coil of insulated wire at the input of the soundcard of the PC and put it a few metres away from it.
		Using a PC with soundcard as a VLF receiver - How to use your PC as a receiver for ''narrow-band'' signals in the VLF radio spectrum.
		Very long wave transmitters on frequencies under 10kHz are the Russian ZEVS on the frequency 82 cycles per second and the American transmitter Sanguine on the frequency 76 cycles per second.
	www.thelegalreport.com /very_low_frequency (702 words)

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