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	Václav Havel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Václav Havel, GCB, CC (IPA: [ˈva:ʦlaf ˈɦavɛl]) (born October 5, 1936) is a Czech writer and dramatist.
		Despite increasing tensions, Havel strongly supported the retention of the federation of the Czechs and the Slovaks during the breakup of Czechoslovakia, known as the Velvet Divorce.
		Václav Havel left office after his second term as Czech president ended on February 2, 2003; Václav Klaus, one of his greatest political opponents, was elected his successor on February 28, 2003.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vaclav_Havel (549 words)

	Artful Dodge - Original Interviews - Vaclav Havel
		Born in 1936, Vaclav Havel appeared on the Czechoslovak cultural scene as early as 1956, when as an aspiring young writer he took advantage of Khrushchev's post-Stalin "thaw," which to varying degrees was taking place in the U.S.S.R. and in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia.
		Havel's first published text was a letter to the editor of the new literary magazine Kveten, challenging the magazine's claim that it really had jettisoned the strictures of socialist realism.
		Raised in an educated, upper-middle class family, Havel as a child was steeped in the democratic traditions of the first Czechoslovak Republic, founded at the end of the World War I. Unfortunately, due to his "bourgeois" background, Havel's attempts to enter the university were repeatedly thwarted by the communist regime.
	www.wooster.edu /artfuldodge/interviews/havel.htm (3164 words)

	Vaclav Havel hero file (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Havel is elected interim president of Czechoslovakia on 29 December, promising to lead the nation to free and democratic elections.
		Havel is reelected to the presidency on 5 July, remaining in the position until 1992.
		Havel is elected president of the Czech Republic on 26 January.
	www.moreorless.au.com /heroes/havel.htm (3335 words)

	Interpreting Václav Havel, by Walter H. Capps
		Havel moved in a distinctive direction, keeping faith with the intellectual tradition in which he had been raised and trained, while continuing to combine insights from Husserl and Heidegger, both of whom employed the language of being and felt constrained to come to terms with the transcendent.
		Havel's Stanford University discourse carried the title "The Spiritual Roots of Democracy" and was designed to delineate his understanding of the fundamental crisis in the modern world.
		Havel's May 15, 1996, address in Aachen, called "The Hope for Europe" (The New York Review, June 20, 1996),(28) stands as a provocative survey of Europe's influences, both destructive and constructive, on human civilization, and envisions the role that the countries of the region might exercise today.
	www.aril.org /capps.htm (4942 words)

	The New Yorker: Fact (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Havel surely has detractors: the "lost generation" of pensioners and workers who could not cope with the dizzying cultural changes and the rising cost of living; leftists who still resent the collapse of Communist ideology; right-wingers who find his economic thinking fuzzy and his speeches naïve and too philosophical.
		Havel was sui generis to the end: he did not form a lasting party or movement; he had admirers, he had aides, but he has no real inheritor.
		Havel was a playwright and essayist who wrote as if censorship did not exist; when he became a politician, he behaved as if his country, small as it is, were indispensable to the reordering of Europe.
	newyorker.com /fact/content/?030217fa_fact1 (5397 words)

	Reason: Velvet President: Why Vaclav Havel is our era’s George Orwell and more
		Vaclav Havel, the 66-year-old former Czech president who was term-limited out of office on February 2, built his reputation in the 1970s by being to eyewitness fact what George Orwell was to dystopian fiction.
		Havel, the somewhat shy scion of a bourgeois family (which owned, among other things, the wonderful Lucerna Theatre on Wenceslas Square), was particularly drawn to and awed by the "authentic culture" of unbridled rock music, in a way that recalls the rather prim Orwell’s fascination with Henry Miller.
		Havel, who intuitively grasped the symbolism of the case, was in the courtroom every day to witness and document the judicial farce.
	www.reason.com /0305/fe.mw.velvet.shtml (3548 words)

	Central Europe Review - Pricking Havel's Bottom
		I was very uncomfortable with the conventional view of Vaclav Havel as something of a new Masaryk, a man who is revered as a great hero of democracy and morality and who symbolises a struggle for freedom.
		In December 1991, you say, Vaclav Havel privately told Jan Kavan in the company of some of his dissident colleagues and friends that he knew or was convinced that Kavan never worked for the secret police, but that he could not say this publicly and that he actually forbade Kavan from mentioning this to journalists.
		The self-distancing of Vaclav Havel is the quality of the current presidency, though you could be forgiven for thinking that - particularly in the treatment of the last few years - the direct voice of Vaclav Havel seems to fade away.
	www.ce-review.org /99/15/culik15.html (2887 words)

	The Velvet President
		John Keane writes in his unauthorized biography of Havel that the castle, at the time of Havel's accession, was ''a completely enclosed space bathed in sheer darkness,'' a ''morbid dungeon'' blanketed with dust, cluttered with Communist Party brochures and tastelessly outfitted with mirrored ceilings and oversized furniture.
		Havel was a chubby and awkward child, nicknamed ''chrobak'' after ''a type of cumbersome beetle.'' Although female Thirty-Sixers admired Havel's intellect, one told Keane that the future president ''had about as much sex appeal and sex awareness as a bear cub.'' When his fellow Thirty-Sixer Jiri Paukert first met him, Havel was lying in bed.
		At the same time, Keane leaves some of the major threads of Havel's personal life dangling: the death of Olga, Havel's wife of 45 years and a major figure in the earlier chapters, is appended as an afterthought to a chapter on Havel's second marriage to a young actress.
	partners.nytimes.com /books/00/07/30/reviews/000730.30secort.html (1298 words)

	Vaclav Havel
		On 5th October 1936, Vaclav Havel is born in Prague into a prominent businessman's family.
		In 1968, Havel is active in the democratization and renewal of culture during the era known as "Prague Spring", which ends with the Warsaw Pact invasion in August 1968.
		Václav Havel is Phespirit's hero for his integrity, sensitivity, courage and endurance in realising his dream of bringing freedom, democracy and cultural regeneration to his home land.
	www.phespirit.info /pictures/heroes/p006_info.htm (479 words)

	Havel, Vaclav. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The most original Czech dramatist to emerge in the 1960s, Havel soon antagonized the political power structure by focusing on the senselessness and absurdity of mechanized, totalitarian society in plays that implicitly criticized the government such as The Garden Party (1963, tr.
		As a leading spokesman for the dissident group Charter 77, he was imprisoned (1979–83) by the Czechoslovak Communist regime, and his plays were banned.
		Havel was the principal spokesman for the Civic Forum, an opposition group, when it succeeded in forcing (1989) the Communist party to share power, and he became interim president of Czechoslovakia.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ha/Havel-Va.html (300 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| The Guardian \| The king of Bohemia
		Havel is a born Bohemian, in both senses of the word.
		Klaus stands for things Havel abhors: he's a Thatcherite, in fact plus Thatcheriste que la Thatcher, claiming the free market will fix everything, whereas Havel is an ecologically minded social democrat, deeply concerned about legality, social justice, and the human costs of the transition.
		Havel will probably go to his house on the Algarve, where the climate is better for his lungs, to recuperate and reflect.
	www.guardian.co.uk /g2/story/0,3604,885904,00.html (2482 words)

	BBC News \| Analysis \| Vaclav Havel: a personal and political cross-roads
		President Havel's new year address in which aside from discussing the Czech Republic's current political turmoil he also pondered the question of whether life was, in essence, beautiful, and urged his countrymen to endeavour to make it so.
		It was these qualities which made Vaclav Havel one of communist Czechoslovakia's foremost dissidents, and the natural choice to lead the country into democracy after 1989.
		Vaclav Havel's changing role as President is also reflected by the views of ordinary Czechs in the streets of Prague.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/low/world/analysis/48928.stm (722 words)

	Vaclav Havel at the Library
		Czech President Vaclav Havel visited the Library on the eve of the Sept. 18 opening of an exhibition commemorating the 80th anniversary of the founding of the independent Czechoslovak state.
		Havel, who played a central role in the 1989 "Velvet Revolution" against communist rule and was periodically imprisoned, was elected earlier this year to his second five-year term as Czech president.
		Havel also could not have imagined that in 1991 he would receive the original 1918 Czechoslovakia Declaration of Independence in the hand of Thomas Masaryk (first president of Czechoslovakia, 1918-1935) as a gift from the Library of Congress to the Czech Republic.
	www.loc.gov /loc/lcib/9810/havel.html (563 words)

	Havel era ends in Czech Republic \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Havel was thrust into the center of a revolution led by artists and actors.
		Havel had no political or diplomatic training and, as a result, the first years of his presidency were marked by a charming unorthodoxy.
		Havel resigned the presidency of Czechoslovakia to protest the country's breakup, which was orchestrated by Czech and Slovak nationalist politicians in 1992.
	www.csmonitor.com /2003/0131/p06s01-woeu.html (1129 words)

	Václav Havel
		Havel had joined Group 42, and after challenging the older generation of writers in their magazine Kveten (May), he was for the first time noticed as a writer.
		Havel was a cofounder of the human rights organization Charter 77 and the Committee for the Defence of the Unjustly Prosecuted (VONS).
		Havel's mission in his office was to restore a healthy democracy in his country.
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /vhavel.htm (1656 words)

	Information on Vaclav Havel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Vaclav Havel was born in Prague in 1936.
		As a result of a worldwide outcry at Havel's arrest for participation in a memorial service for Jan Palach, the student who set fire to himself in protest at the Soviet invasion, the Prague leadership was forced to release him in October 1989.
		One of the spokesmen and subsequent speakers at the countless demonstrations was Vaclav Havel.
	www.mssr.com /info/vaclav.htm (607 words)

	The Prague Post Online
		Havel is the holder of dozens of international peace and human rights prizes and honorary degrees from universities worldwide.
		Havel's public criticism of the post-World War II deportation of 2.5 million ethnic Germans from Czechoslovakia's border regions in retaliation for their support of Hitler's invasion angered many Czechs.
		Havel is widely admired not only for his strong moral stands but also for his fairness and strong sense of humor -- and even a tendency toward self-mockery.
	www.praguepost.com /P03/2003/Art/0129/news1.php (1467 words)

	Swans Commentary: Working With Havel, by Charles Marowitz - cmarow05
		For Havel the enemy is always dogma, whatever its ideological flavor and, along with that, a distrust of rationality which too often is used only to prop up one set of absolutes against another.
		Havel, reversing Teddy Roosevelt's dictum about "speaking softly" and "carrying a big stick," tends to speak softly and carry no stick at all, but his dialectic is so civil and cogent, it often persuades antagonists to alter their positions.
		Havel -- a remarriage which ruffled the sensibilities of many who felt there was too great an intellectual disparity between the President and his new bride.
	www.swans.com /library/art11/cmarow05.html (1751 words)

	Online NewsHour: Conversation with President Vaclav Havel -- May 16, 1997
		MARGARET WARNER: In the spring of 1993, Vaclav Havel, president of the newly independent Czech republic, joined other world leaders for the dedication of the new Holocaust Museum in Washington.
		Havel is a renowned playwright who's been fighting for a free and independent Czech land for decades.
		And on December 29, 1989, Vaclav Havel was elected President.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/europe/jan-june97/havel_5-16a.html (650 words)

	Free at Last! - What Raúl Rivero's release from prison means for Cuba. By Paul Berman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Here is a victory for Václav Havel especially—Havel, who, after his retirement from the presidency of the Czech Republic, has taken up the cause of Cuban freedom.
		Havel has written that every meeting, every conference, every protest on behalf of the Cuban dissidents is a step toward freedom in Cuba.
		Havel has been saying lately that Cuba's days as a dictatorship may be reaching an end.
	slate.msn.com /id/2110504 (918 words)

	Central Europe Review - Book Review: John Keane's Biography of Vaclav Havel
		Havel was proposing a method for ratification of a new constitution; a radical redistribution of power between the branches of government and between the republics and centre (including a Bundesrat-type council that would sit in Bratislava); a new opportunity for ordinary citizens to demand a referendum; and a new electoral law.
		Keane's claim that Havel did not strive 'to cultivate the institutions of republican democracy, like parliament and a judiciary that upheld the rule of law' is plausible only if we completely ignore Havel's homily on the Rechtsstaat in one of his very first presidential addresses, to the federal assembly on 23 January 1990.
		Havel accepted the redefinition and reduction of the president's role under the 1992 Czech constitution, did not demand extra powers (of appointment, for example), accepted the daily exercise of executive power by the premier and government, and used his right to return legislation very sparingly.
	www.ce-review.org /99/23/williams23.html (4958 words)

	Vaclav Havel to receive the Light of Truth award from Dalai Lama - www.phayul.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Former Czechoslovakian President Vaclav Havel, is seen at the Presidential Palace in New Delhi, India, where he received the Gandhi Peace Prize from Indian President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Jan. 5, 2004.
		Havel is scheduled to meet with the Dalai Lama later this month to receive an award for his support of the Tibetan people, Havel's aide said Thursday June 2, 2005.
		Havel was to receive the award last year in Vancouver, but had to cancel the trip because of ill health.
	www.phayul.com /news/article.aspx?id=9920 (393 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Entertainment \| Arts \| Havel eyes return to literature
		Former Czech President Vaclav Havel could be about to resume his literary career, an aide has said.
		Mr Havel is preparing to take a two month break in Washington to study at the US Library of Congress.
		Mr Havel has published dozens of plays, books and political essays since the 1960s, but put his career on hold to serve as president.
	news.bbc.co.uk /go/newsFeedXML/moreover/-/1/hi/entertainment/arts/4384663.stm (189 words)

	vaclav_havel
		Václav Havel- President of the Czech Republic, principal architect of the Velvet Revolution, musician, playwright, Zappa fan.
		Husak resigned two days later, and after a stirring speech by Havel at another mass demonstration on Wenceslas Square, Havel was the clear choice as leader of their new government, without even declaring the intention to run.
		Havel had long been a fan of Zappa's music and even credited his music as part of the inspiration for the anti-communist revolution.
	www.united-mutations.com /h/vaclav_havel.htm (797 words)

	cubaencuentro.com/Internacional/Noticias :: Vaclav Havel se despide de la presidencia checa
		Vaclav Havel, el dramaturgo que encabezó el movimiento disidente checo, culminó el domingo el último día de su presidencia con un emocionado discurso de cinco minutos a la nación, informó la agencia AP.
		Havel se reunió el domingo con el primer ministro, Vladimir Spidla, y el presidente de la cámara baja del Parlamento, Lubomir Zaoralek, quien asumió la mayoría de los poderes presidenciales.
		Havel fue electo presidente de Checoslovaquia en diciembre de 1989, después de los agitados eventos que llevaron al colapso del régimen comunista.
	www.cubaencuentro.com /internacional/noticias/20030205/bd0b22b33738bcd3bfb6e128b431e30c.html (447 words)

	Transcript: U.S. President Bill Clinton, Czech President Vaclav Havel - September 16, 1998
		I thanked President Havel for beginning to talk with me a long time ago, even before I became president, about the importance of the expansion of NATO and the Czech Republic's role in it.
		HAVEL (THROUGH TRANSLATOR): I believe, first, that this is a matter for the United States and for the American people -- who will be their president.
		HAVEL: One of my whole life personal ideals is ideal of a civic society.
	www.cnn.com /ALLPOLITICS/stories/1998/09/16/clinton.newser/transcript.html (2991 words)

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