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Topic: Valaciclovir

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Herpes simplex

Herpes simplex virus

Acyclovir

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	Pharmacokinetics of valaciclovir -- MacDougall and Guglielmo 53 (6): 899 -- Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		that valaciclovir inhibited the uptake of substrates of dipeptide
		Valaciclovir (Val-ACV) is a prodrug of the antiviral compound aciclovir (ACV).
		Valaciclovir: a substrate for the intestinal and renal peptide transporters PEPT1 and PEPT2.
	jac.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/53/6/899 (1784 words)

	What oral anti-viral medications exist?
		Valaciclovir also cuts down the time during which the virus is detected on genital skin surfaces ('viral shedding').
		In clinical tests, valaciclovir prevented the development of painful blisters and ulcers in one third more patients who took the drug within 24 hours of noticing the first symptoms of the outbreak, compared to those who took an ineffective placebo.
		Like valaciclovir, aciclovir also shortens the time during which the herpes virus is detected on skin surfaces (known as 'viral shedding') - a time when the disease can be passed on to a sexual partner.
	www.herpesweb.net /General/treatment/opt08.htm (516 words)

	Aidsmap \| Valaciclovir
		Valaciclovir is a pro-drug of aciclovir, meaning that it is broken down into aciclovir within the body.
		Valaciclovir has been approved for the treatment of varicella zoster virus, which causes chickenpox and shingles, in HIV-negative people after a study in 1141 people found that it reduced the duration of pain (post-herpetic neuralgia) by 25% compared with aciclovir.
		Valaciclovir was formerly known by the codename BW256U87, and is also known by the generic name netivudine.
	www.aidsmap.com /en/docs/50EB3B3C-4B77-4602-8650-D43AB24241DE.asp (451 words)

	Valaciclovir: key clinical papers
		Valaciclovir for the suppression of recurrent genital HSV infection: a placebo-controlled study of once-daily therapy.
		Valaciclovir, the l-valyl ester of acyclovir, has provided a peroral acyclovir bioavailability 3 to 5 times that of acyclovir itself and is rapidly and completely converted to acyclovir by the liver.
		Valaciclovir therapy increased the proportion of patients in whom the development of vesicular and ulcerative lesions was prevented in comparison with placebo treatment: 31% vs 21% (relative risk, 1.5; 95% CI, 2.1-3.9).
	www.herpesweb.net /profess/effective/hmang13.htm (1998 words)

	Valaciclovir - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valaciclovir (INN) or valacyclovir (USAN) is an antiviral drug used in the management of herpes simplex and herpes zoster (shingles).
		Valaciclovir is a prodrug that is converted by esterases to the active drug aciclovir via hepatic first-pass metabolism.
		Common adverse drug reactions (≥1% of patients) associated with valaciclovir therapy are the same as for aciclovir, its active metabolite, and include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and/or headache.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Valaciclovir (403 words)

	The Body: Herpes Labialis: One-Day Valaciclovir Treatment Shortens Course
		Valaciclovir shortened the duration of the cold sore episode in the total study population by 0.7-1.1 days (13-16%).
		The effect of valaciclovir on the healing time of classical lesions (episodes that evolved to blisters or ulcers) was substantially greater (1.1-1.5 days, 18-24 percent).
		Further, increases of 20 percent in the proportion of valaciclovir subjects with aborted lesions (lesions not progressing beyond redness and swelling) were observed which were statistically significant when the studies were combined.
	www.thebody.com /cdc/news_updates_archive/may29_02/herpes_labialis.html (530 words)

	Valaciclovir for Suppression of Recurrent Genital Herpes American Family Physician - Find Articles
		Three regimens, valaciclovir at 250 mg twice daily,, valaciclovir at 1 g daily and acyclovir at 400 mg twice daily, reduced the recurrence rate by 78 to 79 percent.
		Valaciclovir in a dosage of 500 mg once daily was associated with a reduction of 71 percent.
		Valaciclovir for the suppression of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection: a large-scale close range-finding study.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_2_59/ai_53730252 (524 words)

	International Herpes Alliance, Researchers confirm valaciclovir's efficacy in treating facial herpes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valaciclovir is effective at preventing (aborting) episodes of facial herpes and also reduces the healing time of blisters when outbreaks occur.
		Valaciclovir was recently approved in the United States for the one-day treatment of cold sores.
		Although an increase in number of genital herpes episodes prevented was noted previously with episodic valaciclovir treatment, this is the first time that an episodic antiviral treatment alone has been demonstrated to prevent the occurrence of cold sore lesions.
	www.herpesalliance.org /news/May2004/may_2004_2.htm (317 words)

	Valtrex Tablets 500mg , SPC from the eMC
		Valaciclovir, an antiviral, is the L-valine ester of aciclovir.
		Valaciclovir is rapidly and almost completely converted in man to aciclovir and valine, probably by the enzyme referred to as valaciclovir hydrolase.
		Valaciclovir is eliminated principally as aciclovir (greater than 80% of the recovered dose) and the known aciclovir metabolite, 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine (CMMG), in the urine.
	emc.medicines.org.uk /emc/assets/c/html/displaydoc.asp?documentid=2185 (2562 words)

	Herpes zoster-Abstracts
		Valaciclovir (Valtrex), the L-valyl ester of acyclovir, is undergoing clinical development for the treatment and suppression of herpesviral diseases.
		The absolute bioavailability of acyclovir from valaciclovir and the metabolic disposition of valaciclovir were investigated with healthy volunteers in two separate studies.
		The plasma acyclovir exposure obtained following oral administration of valaciclovir is similar to that achieved with doses of intravenous acyclovir, which are effective in the treatment and suppression of the less susceptible herpesviral diseases.
	www.ahc-net.at /fach/studien/daten/abstr-herpes03.htm (319 words)

	Valaciclovir versus aciclovir in patient initiated treatment of recurrent genital herpes
		This study has found that valaciclovir at a dose of 500 mg twice daily for five days and aciclovir at the standard dose of 200 mg five times daily also for five days are equally effective in patient initiated treatment of recurrent genital herpes.
		Previous placebo controlled trials of aciclovir or valaciclovir in the acute treatment of recurrent genital herpes in immunocompetent adults have shown that adverse events occurred in similar percentages of patients receiving the active treatments and placebo, suggesting that such events are typical of the disease rather than a result of therapy with aciclovir or valaciclovir.
		Valaciclovir confers all the clinical benefits of aciclovir but with the convenience and security of a twice daily dosing regimen and without apparent compromise to aciclovir's excellent safety profile.
	www.ahc-net.at /fach/studien/daten/abstr-herpes13.htm (1110 words)

	Herpes Outbreak Relief
		In clinical tests, valaciclovir prevented the development of painful blisters and ulcers in one third more patients who took the drug within 24 hours of noticing the first symptoms of the outbreak, compared to those who took a dummy (placebo).
		Valaciclovir also cuts down the hour during which the virus is detected on genital skin surfaces (virus shedding) - a hour when the disease can be passed on to a sexual partner.
		If you appropriate valaciclovir as soon as you notice the first signs of an outbreak - such as tingling, itching or redness - you may be able to completely prevent the development of painful blisters.
	www.simplexlove.com /herpes-relief (1067 words)

	[No title]
		Acyclovir was the predominant radiolabeled urinary metabolite accounting for 57% and 65% of the dose, respectively, with valaciclovir accounting for 2% and 23% of the dose, respectively.
		Valaciclovir is an oral prodrug of the antiherpetic agent acyclovir.
		An enzyme that hydrolyzes valaciclovir to acyclovir, valaciclovir hydrolase (VACVase), was purified from rat liver and characterized.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/acyclovir--valacyclovir.html (631 words)

	Comparison of valaciclovir and acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster in immunocompetent patients over 50 years ...
		A method was developed for modeling the costs and consequences of treating varicella zoster viral infections to clinical data generated in a pivotal phase III clinical trial of valaciclovir versus acyclovir for the treatment of acute herpes zoster in immunocompetent patients over 50 years of age.
		Median duration of pain was reduced by 13 days for valaciclovir compared with acyclovir in the intent-to-treat population or by 19 days in patients with pain after rash healing.
		Comparison of valaciclovir and acyclovir for the treatment of herpes zoster in immunocompetent patients over 50 years of age: a cost-consequence model.
	www.rti.org /abstract.cfm?pubid=2598 (264 words)

	AEGiS-CATIE: High-dose valaciclovir linked to problems - March 1998
		Once inside the body, valaciclovir is converted into acyclovir, resulting in levels that are 3-4 times greater than when acyclovir is taken directly.
		In one analysis, "survival was significantly shorter in the valaciclovir arm [compared to the other arms]." There was no significant difference in survival rates between the 2 acyclovir arms, or between the high-dose acyclovir and valaciclovir arms.
		A small number of valaciclovir users also appeared to be at higher risk of developing complications affecting the kidney and bone marrow.
	www.aegis.com /pubs/catie/1998/CATE8505.html (810 words)

	Valtrex
		Valaciclovir is taken by mouth to treat herpes infections that cause shingles (herpes zoster).
		Valaciclovir taken regularly can also reduce the risk of passing the genital herpes to a sexual partner, provided safe sex practices such as condoms are used as well.
		Valaciclovir is therefore given to people who have received a kidney transplant, in order to help the body kill off any CMV virus.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /medicines/100002714.html (979 words)

	Valaciclovir Reduces the Incidence of Cytomegalovirus Disease and Acute Graft Rejection in CMV-Seronegative Recipients ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valaciclovir Reduces the Incidence of Cytomegalovirus Disease and Acute Graft Rejection in CMV-Seronegative Recipients of a Seropositive Cadaveric Renal Allograft
		During the 6-month study period, the incidences were 39% (PBO) and 14% (valaciclovir), with 80% of disease being prevented or delayed in valaciclovir recipients (hazard ratio=0.201; 95% CI=0.106, 0.361; p<0.0001).
		Conclusion: Valaciclovir is well-tolerated and effective for the prophylaxis of CMV disease in D+R- patients.
	www.a-s-t.org /abstracts98/abs61.htm (360 words)

	Herpes Labialis: One-Day Valaciclovir Treatment Shortens Course
		Oral valaciclovir is a modified form of acyclovir that is better absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract compared with acyclovir, and which is converted 100 percent to acyclovir after absorption, increasing acyclovir blood levels several fold compared with administration of the parent compound.
		Evidence has long existed that most of the damage from the herpes simplex virus occurs very early in the course of the infection.
		Subjects received valaciclovir 2 g bid x 1 day, valaciclovir 2 g bid x 1 day - then 1 g bid x 1 day, or placebo and began treatment at the first prodromal symptom of a new episode.
	www.aegis.com /news/ads/2002/ad020998.html (684 words)

	International Herpes Alliance, New approach to preventing cold sores (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Participants in a large-scale study of valaciclovir were assessed for outbreaks of oral herpes simplex virus (HSV).
		As part of a larger study of the effect of valaciclovir on genital herpes transmission, 340 participants, who were HSV-1 positive and had a history of cold sores, were assigned to receive either 500mg valaciclovir once daily or a placebo (dummy pill).
		The authors of the study conclude that oral valaciclovir is effective and well tolerated for the prevention of recurrent cold sores.
	www.herpesalliance.org /news/dec2003/Dec2003_2.htm (164 words)

	HealthNet
		The pharmacological effect of these drugs is to inhibit DNA replication in the herpes virus so as to suppress proliferation of the virus, but these drugs cannot kill the herpes virus.
		Absorption of the new generation Famciclovir and Valaciclovir is relatively better and the number of doses of these drugs given daily would be less than the number of doses of Acyclovir.
		Valaciclovir is a pro-drug that after being absorbed, will be converted into Acyclovir by the liver to combat the virus.
	www.hsbc.co.in /hk/personal/insur/healthnet/tips/t0604_2.htm (457 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valaciclovir is an antiviral medication which is used to treat certain viral infections.
		Valaciclovir itself does not kill the virus, but by stopping it from reproducing the virus is present in lower numbers.
		It is used in the treatment of the various forms of the herpes virus as well as the virus responsible for causing the symptoms of shingles.
	www.getpharma.com /printer.asp?productid=94 (512 words)

	Aciclovir or valaciclovir for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis) (Cochrane Review) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The antiviral drugs aciclovir and valaciclovir are therefore considered a possibility in aiding recovery from Bell's palsy.
		The most common disorder of the facial nerve is acute idiopathic facial paralysis or Bell's palsy and there may be significant morbidity or incomplete recovery associated with severe cases.
		One study evaluated aciclovir with corticosteroid versus corticosteroid alone, another study evaluated aciclovir alone versus corticosteroid and a further study evaluated valaciclovir with corticosteroid versus corticosteroid alone or versus placebo alone.
	www.update-software.com /abstracts/AB001869.htm (583 words)

	AHMF: Managing Genital Herpes
		Because valaciclovir is metabolised to aciclovir in vivo, it has exactly the same mechanism of action as aciclovir.
		Valaciclovir has the advantage over acyclovir in that it is approximately 54 percent absorbed by the mouth, hence making lower doses and/or less frequent dosing possible.
		Valaciclovir has also been shown to reduce the risk of transmission.
	www.ahmf.com.au /health_professionals/guidelines/managing_gh.htm (1205 words)

	ASTP Meeting Abstracts 1997 Valaciclovir Reduces The Incidence Of Cytomegalovirus Disease In CMV-Seropositive Renal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Results: No case of CMVD occurred in a valaciclovir patient during the 90-day treatment period, in contrast to all cases in PBO patients occurring during this period.
		The incidence of CMVD was reduced by 81% in patients receiving valaciclovir compared with PBO (hazard ratio 0.189; 95% CI 0.042, 0.854; p=0.03), with 1% of valaciclovir recipients vs 5.4% of PBO recipients developing disease during the 6-month study period.
		Conclusion: Valaciclovir is effective and well-tolerated for suppression of CMVD in R+ patients.
	www.a-s-t.org /abstracts97/cg106181.htm (358 words)

	ICAR: Famciclovir More Effective Than Valaciclovir In Reducing Latent Herpes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Based on these compelling results, a world-wide clinical trial is underway to determine if a single 10-day treatment with famciclovir during a patient's primary genital herpes outbreak will prevent future outbreaks and eliminate the need for further medication.
		We used several highly sensitive tests to detect latent virus and found a marked reduction of latent HSV in mice treated with famciclovir, compared to valaciclovir.
		In contrast, virus was reactivated from the ganglia of 60 percent of mice treated with valaciclovir, another anti-herpes medication.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/6A4DA.htm (563 words)

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