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Topic: Valdivia Province

	Llanquihue - LoveToKnow 1911
		lan-ke-wa), a province of southern Chile bordering on the northern shores of the Gulf and Straits of Chacao, and extending from the Pacific to the Argentine frontier.
		The province of Valdivia lies N. and is separated from it in part by the Bueno river.
		The other large rivers of the province are the Bueno, which receives the waters of Lakes Puyehue and Rupanco, and the Puelo, which has its rise in a lake of the same name in the Argentine territory of Chubut.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Llanquihue (458 words)

	VALDIVIA - Online Information article about VALDIVIA
		The province is roughly mountainous in the E., is heavily forested and is traversed by numerous See also:
		part of the province, and the Bueno on the southern frontier.
		Valdivia is one of the most recently settled provinces and has a large immigrant See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /TUM_VAN/VALDIVIA.html (445 words)

	Valdivia, Chile
		Valdivia is a city in southern Chile, founded by Pedro de Valdivia, located at the confluence of the Calle Calle, Valdivia and Cau Cau rivers, some 15 km east of the coastal town and bay of Corral.
		The city administratively belongs to Los Lagos Region and is the capital of the province of Valdivia.
		The city of Valdivia and the island of Chiloé were the two southernmost enclaves of the Spanish Empire and administratively depended directly from the Crown.
	www.creekin.net /c2717-n39-valdivia-chile.html (603 words)

	[No title]
		La Universidad Austral de Chile, founded in 1954, is located in Valdivia, one of the major cities in Southern Chile and capital of the province of Valdivia, a center of culture and industry.
		Valdivia offers many attractions for students and tourists, including historical monuments, stone fortresses, surrounding lakes, and volcanoes.
		The mild climate is favorable because of its close proximity to the sea and the Valdivian temperate rain forest.
	www.smc.edu /international/overseas/chile.htm (327 words)

	Unasylva - Vol. 10, No. 4 - Natural forests of Chile
		Thus, in the Northern provinces of Tarapacá, Antofagasta and Atacama - the Norte Grande - desert conditions discourage the occurrence of natural forests, and such woody vegetation as occurs is xerophilous and restricted to certain localities.
		The southern region of Chile, commencing from the transition provinces of Arauco and Malleco and extending to Magallanes, about 1,700 kilometers in length, has, in general, a rainy temperate climate, though as may be expected over such a great range of latitude, the rainfall and temperature present many variations.
		Llanquihue province and Valdivia province may be considered as the southern latitudinal limits of these two species respectively.
	www.fao.org /docrep/x5381e/x5381e02.htm (3517 words)

	Valdivia Province - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Valdivia is a province of Chile located in the Los Lagos Region.
		Located in the province are two important rivers, the Calle-Calle / Valdivia River and the Bueno River.
		The province has an area of 18,429 km² and a population of 356,396 distributed in 12 municipalities (comunas).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Valdivia_Province (90 words)

	Factory Reopens After Charges of Killing Swans
		SANTIAGO - The imminent reopening of a cellulose factory that contaminated a nature sanctuary in Chile is deepening the criticisms that ecologists have for the Ricardo Lagos government -- and is setting the scene for future conflicts with indigenous and artisanal fishing communities.
		José Araya, leader of the organization Action for the Swans of Valdivia, told Tierramérica that the government's administrative resolutions on the matter favored the businessman Anacleto Angelini, owner of the Celulosa Arauco y Constitución (Celco) plant, to the detriment of environmental standards.
		Since October 2004, experts began to notice that many of the swans and other species were dying due to the waste from the cellulose plant dumped into the area's waters.
	www.tierramerica.net /2005/0813/iacentos.shtml (883 words)

	chena
		Studying and analyzing graphical codes associated with ceramic pieces from the Valdivia Province (X Region, Chile), made by the pre-Hispanic Mapuche people around the XV century, I have identified on jars and plates what is very likely a calendarical code painted using lineal patterns.
		In other words, we use seven full loops and the eighth one is subdivided into the days missing to complement each of the four phases of Venus, ending with the eight-spaces triangle in the plate (figure 7a and figure 7b).
		Three of the Valdivia objects are conserved at the Austral University's Museum, whose principal division is located in Valdivia, and the author conserves the rest (five pieces).
	www.geocities.com /intijalsu/investigacion/ceramica.html (2729 words)

	Carol Bushar's Books, Comics and Other Day Dreams - Lulu.com
		Within downtown Valdivia, a storm is brewing in the form of a planned casino to take over a prime piece of real-estate overlooking the river walk (costenera) at the bend of the River Cruces across from Isla Teja.
		The local Valdivia Province newspaper, El Ciudadano, graciously published my second comic last week (edition 31, page 4), this time with a theme addressing the pollution of area rivers which has resulted in a severely diminished fl-neck swan population.
		A protest march in the streets of Valdivia on June 3, 2006 (in the pouring down rain) called, once again, for the closure of the Cellulosa Aruaco(Celco) paper-pulp plant.
	www.lulu.com /CarolBushar (3146 words)

	Chile: Reports: Truth Commissions: Library & Links: U.S. Institute of Peace
		On September 11, 1973, the area of the provinces of Valdivia and Osorno came under the authority of the army.
		In the provinces that fell under army authority, police were involved in most of the deaths, except for the mass executions in the Panguipulli Lumber Complex.
		In the provinces of Llanquihue and Chiloé, which fell under the command of the air force, killings were officially explained as executions which occurred in response to escape attempts or attempted attacks on soldiers or police.
	www.usip.org /library/tc/doc/reports/chile/chile_1993_pt3_ch1_a2_k.html (11897 words)

	Inter-American Human Rights Database
		1845, alleges that Dr. Sandor Arancibia (former Governor of the province of Valdivia), a professor at the Universidad Austral de Chile, had been condemned to life imprisonment, in a trial in which he was not granted the guarantees of due process.
		This decision was not implemented in view the fact that in the interim the Government of Chile, through a note dated July 14, 1975 (No. 13433), received at the Secretariat on August 4, reported that Mr.
		Sandor Arancibia Ais being held in the Valdivia jail and being tried by the Carabineros Prosecutor's Office of that city." Receipt was acknowledged on August 8.
	www.wcl.american.edu /humright/digest/1975/comm1845.cfm (447 words)

	Everything about Great Chilean Earthquake (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Its epicenter was located in Valdivia, approximately 700 kilometers (435 miles) south of Santiago.
		Valdivia is a city in southern Chile, founded by Pedro de Valdivia, located at the confluence of the Calle Calle, Valdivia and Cau Cau rivers, some 15 km east of the coastal town and bay of Corral.
		Valdivia chose the location of Santiago because of its moderate climate and the ease with which it could be defended—the Mapocho River split the area in two, and rejoined further downstream, forming an island.
	geometra.descriptiva.es.wikimiki.org.cob-web.org:8888 /en/Great+Chilean+Earthquake (10419 words)

	Valdivia prov. (Los Lagos region, Chile) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The province of Valdivia, in the south of Chile, has (or had) its own flag.
		The arms were granted in 1554 and then they have already the white flag with red cross (I assume that a Burgundian cross).
		Arenas is speaking of Valdivia province flag (In my humble opinion both are the same flag but I dont have more info for confirm it or deny it).
	www.allstates-flag.com /fotw/flags/cl-10va.html (240 words)

	Open-File Report 01-0276; Socioeconomic and Environmental Impacts of Landslides
		) blocked the outlet of Lake Riñihue in Valdivia Province on the coast of southern Chile (Davis and Karzulovic, 1961; Wright and Mella, 1963).
		Landslides were especially abundant in the Provinces of Osorno and Valdivia.
		Probably most severe of these damaging events was the rainfall-triggered debris flow of January 1976 that swept down the Río Escoipe in Salta Province, almost totally destroying the prosperous town of San Fernando de Escoipe, which was buried under 3 m of mud and rock (Igarzabal, 1979; Wayne, 1987).
	pubs.usgs.gov /of/2001/ofr-01-0276 (12073 words)

	JOSE MAZA - 10th Session
		Maza was elected to Chile's House of Representatives from the town of Bio Bio in his native southern Chile.
		He represented Bio Bio until 1925 when he was elected to the Chilean Senate for the province of Valdivia.
		During his first year as Senator, when he was thirty-six, he was chosen to head the nation's Cabinet as Prime Minister and to be Minister of the Interior.
	www.un.org /ga/55/president/bio10.htm (860 words)

	WWF - SA: Newsroom
		The scientists concluded then that contaminants from the plant contributed to a massive die off of luchecillo, the aquatic vegetation that was the swans’ main food source.
		We talked to people in Valdivia who said they saw emaciated swans fall from the sky, landing on rooftops and cars,” Curtis said.
		Residents in Valdivia, 30 miles away, complained of noxious odors from the plant and the WWF mission found the facility’s waste treatment, storage and disposal safeguards to be appalling.
	www.panda.org.za /article.php?id=408 (718 words)

	part 3 chap 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		This constitution also administratively divided the national territory into provinces (equal to the political division of a province) and the provinces into comunas/municipalities (which were the political equivalent of a sub-delegation).
		One of the effects of this distribution of authority was that the top officials in the provinces, with the range of powers already noted, were primarily in the army—except in the provinces of Valparaiso (navy) and Llanquihue (air force).
		As a result, in some provinces the treatment had been and still was "soft" or even lenient; since the result might be a resurgence of opposition resistance, this state of affairs urgently required correction.
	lib.nd.edu /eresources/etexts/truth/part_3_chap_1.html (17802 words)

	Valdivia Province information - Search.com (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Valdivia is a province of Chile located in the southern Los Lagos Region.
		Located in the province are two of the main important rivers in the country, the Calle-Calle / Valdivia River and the Bueno River.
		It has an area of 18,429 km² and a population of 356,396 distributed in 12 municipalities (comunas).
	search.com.com.cob-web.org:8888 /reference/Valdivia_Province (109 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Results of the diagnostic findings were reported to the Department of Environmental Protection, National Health Service, in Valdivia province.
		Some of these were transported between 1917 and 1922 to the Province of Neuquen.
		Boars escaped their confines and disseminated into the Nahuel Huapi and Lanín Parks (Rio Negro Province, Argentina) from where it is assumed they migrated into Chile between 1920 and 1930 (Jaksic et al.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?oc05003 (1258 words)

	Lenga - Nothofagus dombeyi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Coigue (Nothofagus dombeyi) is reported to occur from latitude 38 degrees south northward along the coast of Chile, and up the river valleys into the high cordilleras in northern Llanquihue.
		Rauli (N. procera) is reported to grow from the Province of Valparaiso to the Province of Valdivia, and thrives mostly on good soils.
		It is not known at present whether some material from this species is available from sustainably managed, salvaged, recycled, or other environmentally responsible sources.
	www.exotichardwoods-southamerica.com /lenga.htm (434 words)

	Chile National Parks Guide: Carlos Anwandter Nature Sanctuary (Río Cruces)
		This sanctuary is an aquatic reserve with approximately 4.877 hectares at the end of the "Rio Cruces" (Crosses River), in the province of Valdivia.
		The sanctuary is placed at the end of the "Rio Cruces" (Crosses River), in the province of Valdivia, Tenth Region.
		In most of the southern area near the city of Valdivia a warm and rainy mediterranean influence can be found.
	www.gochile.cl /eng/Guide/ChileNationalParks/RioCruces/Rio-Cruces-1.asp (338 words)

	NOAA Paleoclimatology Program - Latin American Pollen Database - Publications
		Heusser, C.J. Late-Pleistocene pollen diagrams from the Province of Llanquihue, southern Chile.
		Amberat middens from Rio Limay, Neuquen Province, Argentina.
		Pollenanalysis of sediments of the Altantic shore at Mar Chiquita Buenos Aires Province, Argentina.
	www.ncdc.noaa.gov /paleo/lapdpubs.html (3354 words)

	Chile: Contamination from a pulp mill causes death in the wetlands
		The Sanctuary and its swans are part of the identity and image of the inhabitants of the nearby city of Valdivia, closely linked to the riparian landscape.
		At the end of October, public alarm was alerted with the appearance of dozens of dead or undernourished and blind fl-necked swans, with evident neurological alterations that made it impossible for them to fly.
		Located in the commune of San José de la Mariquina, Province of Valdivia, with an initial investment of one billion dollars, this mill has an annual production of 850,000 tons of Kraft pulp and was presented to the country as a model enterprise.
	www.wrm.org.uy /bulletin/89/Chile.html (627 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		The aims of this survey were to determine the prevalence and mean intensity of infection by parasitic helminths in a population of E.
		roseus were collected by hand from Isla Teja (39º48S; 73º15W) in the Province of Valdivia during different seasons between 1994 to 1997.
		They were kept moist and cool in cages and taken to the laboratory within 6 hr of capture and killed by pithing within the next 24 hr.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?oc99219 (640 words)

	Unasylva - Vol. 7, No. 2 - News of the world
		Apart from the valleys the rest of the region consists of lower slopes which could be kept permanently under forest, while forest growth on the upper slopes is physically impossible.
		Further south, in Chiloe continental and in the northern portion of Aysen province, where the main chain of the Andes comes nearer the coast, and also inland from the high snow or ice-covered peaks on the eastern or Argentine side, the configuration was much less rugged.
		The number of lumber industry establishments is now nearly 7,500, having about doubled singe 1938 pulp and paper establishments have increased from 99 to 123 during the same period.
	www.fao.org /docrep/x5367e/x5367e08.htm (8344 words)

	Who Killed the Swans?
		The site, located in the province of Valdivia, 790 km south of Santiago, was declared an internationally important marsh in 1981 under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands for protecting these ecosystems that are essential for water resources and biodiversity.
		Sara Larraín, director of the Sustainable Chile Program, told Tierramérica that at both the Valdivia plant and another in Itata, further north, Celco presented projects for producing 550,000 tons of cellulose annually.
		Vallespín said he had entrusted the Southern University of Valdivia to study the causes of the swans' death, and that the results would be released in two weeks.
	www.tierramerica.net /2004/1204/iacentos.shtml (714 words)

	Chilean Pulp Mill Poisons Swans in Their Sanctuary
		The sanctuary was also inhabited by more than 100 species of rare and vulnerable birds, and was the largest nesting area in South America for the fl necked swan, the region's iconic species and a major tourist attraction.
		Residents in Valdivia, 30 miles away, complained of noxious odors from the plant and the investigative team found the facility's waste treatment, storage and disposal safeguards to be appalling.
		The delay was due to the resistance of citizens’ organizations, environmental activists, indigenous peoples, peasant women and especially the residents of the coastal town Mehuin, who for over three years successfully campaigned to prevent CELCO from dumping its effluents into Maiquillahue Bay, WRM wrote in the June 2004 issue of the organization's newsletter.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/nov2005/2005-11-21-03.asp (856 words)

	CID Impacts June 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Gansu province experienced record rainfall and river flows while in Sichuan province flashfloods, mudslides and landslides reportedly killed 60 people.
		Chile With the onset of the austral winter, an estimated number of 72,408 people in Santiago and surrounding regions have been seriously affected by storms and heavy rainfalls re-occurring since 2 June.
		Chile Due to the heavy rains in Chile, fishing activities in the province of Valdivia came to a standstill and the income of the fishermen families has decreased dramatically making it difficult for them to purchase food.
	iri.columbia.edu /climate/cid/Jun2000/impacts.html (752 words)

	Memoria y Justicia - Human Rights Today-Disappearing Husband
		Approximately 15,000 in Santiago and 200 just in the Province of Valdivia are the total cases the National Commission on Political Imprisonment and Torture has received since embarking on its mission in early December 2003.
		The process has been slow and ineffective, considering the immense volume of persons who were imprisoned during the dictatorship and subjected to torture is unlikely to be confirmed with reasonable certainty.
		Sergio Valech, the Commission was created as the direct result of the fight against impunity waged by former political prisoners, and the broad-based Ethics Committee against Torture in particular, to win recognition of their suffering as human rights violations.
	www.memoriayjusticia.cl /english/en_rights-valech.htm (631 words)

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