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Topic: Valerian

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	Roman Emperors - DIR valerian and gallienus
		Although the senatus consultum cited and the specific office are of doubtful authenticity, the high reputation Valerian possessed in the Senate and his association with the government under Decius probably are truthful aspects of the story.
		Valerian tried to negotiate a peace with the Persian king, Sapor, but was captured by treachery and taken into captivity.
		The ultimate humiliation of a Roman emperor by a foreign leader was enacted through Sapor's use of Valerian as a human stepping-stool to assist the Persian king in mounting his horse and Valerian's body was later skinned to produce a lasting trophy of Roman submission.
	www.roman-emperors.org /gallval.htm (2624 words)

	Valerian (plant) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Valerian (Valeriana officinalis, Valerianaceae) is a hardy perennial flowering plant, with heads of sweetly scented pink or white flowers.
		Valerian tea should not be prepared with boiling water as this may drive off the lighter oils.
		An unusual feature of valerian is that pieces of the dried root affect the domestic cat in the same way as catnip.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Valerian_plant (261 words)

	Valerian (emperor) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Valerian on a coin celebrating goddess Fortuna, associated with health and wealth.
		Unlike the majority of the usurpers of the crisis of the third century, Valerian was of a noble and traditional Senatorial family.
		Valerian and Gallienus split the problems of the Empire between the two, with the son taking the West and the father heading East to face the Persian threat.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Emperor_Valerian_I (581 words)

	VALERIAN - LoveToKnow Article on VALERIAN
		The chief constituent of valerian is a volatile oil, which is present in the dried root to the extent of I2 %, plants growing on dry or stony soil being said to yield the largest quantity.
		Valerian acts medicinally entirely in virtue of its volatile oil, which exerts the actions typical of its class.
		The valerianates of iron, quinine, guaiacol and sodium share with that of zinc the disability of exerting no action attributable to their acid radicle, but have frequently been employed.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /V/VA/VALERIAN.htm (746 words)

	Herron Pharmaceuticals Pty Ltd - Valerian
		Valerian was identified therapeutically from 1820 until 1942 as a tranquilliser.
		Valerian was used by the British to treat shellshock during World War I and to treat stressed civilians during air raids in World War II.
		Valerian should not be given to children under the age of two.
	www.herron.com.au /products/vitamins/valerian.html (382 words)

	Valerian
		Valerian, a descendant of a distinguished family from Etruria, was born in about AD 195.
		One of Valerian's first acts was to defeat was to crush the rebellion of the high-priest of the notorious deity of El-Gabal at Emesa, Uranius Antoninus, who had successfully defended the city against the Persians and therefore had declared himself emperor.
		Valerian marched on the city of Edessa in Mesopotamia to relieve this city from the Persian siege.
	www.roman-empire.net /decline/valerian.html (903 words)

	botanical.com - A Modern Herbal \| Valerian - Herb Profile and Information
		Valerian is cultivated for the sake of the drug in England (in Derbyshire), but to a much greater extent in Prussia, Saxony (in the neighbourhood of Colleda, north of Weimar), in Holland and in the United States (Vermont, New Hampshire and New York).
		Valerianate of zinc, prepared by double decomposition, is used as an antispasmodic and is official in the British Pharmacopoeia.
		Valerian was first brought to notice as a specific for epilepsy by Fabius Calumna in 1592, he having cured himself of the disease with it.
	www.botanical.com /botanical/mgmh/v/valeri01.html (3386 words)

	Vibrant Life: Valerian
		Valerian has a beneficial effect on a variety of sleep conditions, yet it does not produce a hangover effect, that is, sleepiness the next morning.
		Valerian is not considered to be suitable for acute cases of insomnia and is not recommended for use during pregnancy or lactation.
		Valerian should not be used at the same time as regular sleeping pills, since it may overenhance the sedative effect of those pills.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0826/is_3_16/ai_62342883 (941 words)

	Food and Nutrition: Choices for Health > A Guide to Dietary Supplements > Valerian
		Valerian is sold in capsule/tablet form and is also in teas and tinctures.
		Results showed that the individuals receiving the valerian had an increase in slow-wave sleep, which is the stage in which the body’s general health is restored and maintained.
		Valerian should not be taken in conjunction with barbiturates because powerful sedative effects may occur.
	www.extension.iastate.edu /nutrition/supplements/valerian.php (434 words)

	What is Valerian?
		Valerian (Nature’s Way Valerian Root Nighttime Tablets, GNC Herbal Plus Fingerprinted Valerian Root) is an herb that some people use to treat nervousness, restlessness, and sleeping disorders.
		The valerian tincture (1:5) dose is 15 to 20 drops in water.
		A bedtime valerian extract dose is 400 to 900 mg at bedtime.
	www.drugstore.com /qxa1191_332828_sespider-what_is_valerian.htm (390 words)

	Profile - Valerian
		Valerian may be found in meadowland and grassland, along banks of streams and roads.
		Valerian is cultivated in the United States in New Hampshire and Vermont and appears to be superior to that which is native to the marshy thickets of England.
		Valerian utilization decreased markedly from 1922 -1936 with a notable increase in 1941.
	www.meridianinstitute.com /echerb/Files/1valeria.html (579 words)

	King's American Dispensatory, 1898: Valeriana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The leaves are all pinnate and opposite; leaflets in from 7 to 10 pairs, lanceolate, coarsely serrated, those of the radical leaves broadest, approaching to ovate, and borne on long foot-stalks.
		Valerian is adapted to the milder spasmodic affections.
		Valerian is one of many agents which have been used for the relief of epilepsy.
	www.ibiblio.org /herbmed/eclectic/kings/valeriana.html (1093 words)

	Valerian for insomnia and other sleep disorders
		Valerian (Valeriana officinalis), a member of the Valerianaceae family, is a perennial plant native to Europe and Asia and naturalized in North America [1].
		In the mid-19th century, valerian was considered a stimulant that caused some of the same complaints it is thought to treat and was generally held in low esteem as a medicinal herb [2].
		The clinical significance of the use of valerian for insomnia cannot be determined from the results of this study because having insomnia was not a requirement for participation.
	healingdeva.com /valerian.htm (3253 words)

	herb data, Valerian, Valeriana officianalis, English valerian, German valerian, great wild valerian, Vermont valerian, ...
		Valerian is growing in popularity throughout the world because of its reputation for relieving anxiety and insomnia.
		Clinical studies on the use of valerian in insomnia have shown that valerian extract, standardized to 0.8-percent valeric acid, may be effective at a dose of 300 up to 900 mg one hour before bedtime.
		Valerian extract at a dose of 50 to 100 mg taken two or three times daily has been shown to relieve performance anxiety and the stress of driving in heavy traffic.
	www.holistic-online.com /Herbal-Med/_Herbs/h26.htm (958 words)

	Herbal Medicine Materia Medica - HealthWorld Online - David L. Hoffmann B.Sc. (Hons), M.N.I.M.H. - HealthWorld Online
		When the effect of valerian root on sleep was studied in healthy, young people, it reduced perceived sleep latency and the wake time after sleep onset.
		Valerian is used world wide as a relaxing remedy in hypertension and stress related heart problems.
		Valerian is one such herb whose use was validated.
	www.healthy.net /library/books/hoffman/materiamedica/VALERIAN.HTM (1234 words)

	valerian - Connecticut
		Valerian is also known as Valeriana officinalis, radix valerianae, Indian valerian, red valerian, Belgian valerian, common valerian, fragrant valerian, garden valerian, all-heal, amantilla, setwall, setewale, capon's tail, heliotrope, and vandal root.
		Valerian has been used in the management of anxiety; restlessness; insomnia; mental strain; lack of concentration; excitability; stress; headache; nervous stomach cramps; uterine spasticity; menopause; and pain, discomfort, and emotional distress that may occur with menstruation.
		Valerian has been used as a tea, a juice from fresh plants, a tincture, an extract, a pill, and as a bath additive.
	www.saintfranciscare.com /19389.cfm (1359 words)

	ACS :: Valerian
		Valerian is an herb used for anxiety and sleeplessness (insomnia).
		Valerian is considered to be relatively safe when used in recommended doses during 4 to 6 week periods.
		Valerian should not be taken with alcohol, certain antihistamines, muscle relaxants, mental health drugs, sedatives, anti-seizure drugs, or narcotics.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3X_Valerian.asp?sitearea=ETO (1420 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Valerian
		Though kindly disposed towards the Christians as emperor he was driven to in severe measures by the hostile party, whose leader, the general Macrianus, aimed only to gain advantages for himself through the difficulties internal disturbances would
		In 257 Valerian issued a rescript, in kindly language, taking from Christians the right to hold assemblies or to enter the subterranean places of burial, and sending the clergy into exile.
		Valerian was finally captured by the Persians and died a prisoner.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/15256b.htm (399 words)

	Valerian for Improved Sleep
		Valerian and members of the Valerian officinalis L. plant family are widely distributed in the temperate regions of North America, Europe, and Asia and have been used as sleep aids for over 1,000 years.
		Valerian is thought to target the central nervous system resulting in a sedative effect in the brain.
		Valerian is a much milder tranquilizer of plant origin that provides the benefits of improving sleep quality without the morning grogginess or “hangover” typically associated with pharmaceutical products.
	www.nutrilite.com /english/IBO/Research/NutritionNews/Herbals/doc2083r.asp (651 words)

	Valerian Improves Sleep Quality (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valerian root has been used as a traditional medicine in many cultures-it is considered a native plant in Europe and North America; the most common variety used is Valerian Officinalis.
		In the United States, Valerian has been categorized by the FDA as GRAS (generally recognized as safe), the German Commission E has approved Valerian as a non-prescription agent useful for the treatment of nervous restlessness and sleep disorders and in Canada, it is approved for use as a sedative and spasmolytic.
		Valerian may have some hypnotic effects and long-term studies are clearly needed to ensure safety for patients with Insomnia.
	www.sleepandhealth.com /Newspaper/2003/October/08.htm (589 words)

	Valerian \| AHealthyMe.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		For insomnia, the standard dosage of valerian is 2 to 3 g of dried herb, 270 to 450 mg of an aqueous valerian extract, or 600 mg of an ethanol extract, taken 30 to 60 minutes before bedtime.
		Valerian is on the FDA's GRAS (generally recognized as safe) list, and is approved for use as a food.
		Valerian does not appear to impair driving ability or produce morning drowsiness when it is taken at night.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100587884 (2037 words)

	Valerian Picture Monograph
		The odour of valerian may be removed from a scale pan or from the hands by rubbing with sodium bicarbonate.
		Valerian depresses the central nervous system; this action is probably due to the odourless crystalline principle.
		A slight deposit was observed in certain samples, the amount depending on the batch of concentrated infusion of valerian used.
	www.herbdatanz.com /valerian_picture_monograph.htm (846 words)

	Valerian Root - Valeriana officinalis - Encapsulated Herbal Extract - Herbs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valerian is a smooth muscle and skeletal relaxant, as well as a premier sedative that aids in anxiety, stress and insomnia.
		Valerian was traditionally used for epilepsy, sleeplessness, nervousness, hysteria, and as a diuretic and emmenagogue.
		Valerian Root was a very popular sleep sedative in the United States until it was displaced by synthetic drugs after World War II.
	www.metromkt.net /viable/singles/herbs/s571.shtml (974 words)

	Commodity Groups - Saskatchewan Herb and Spice Association
		Valerian likes marshy thickets, borders of ditches and rivers, but have been known to grow on higher dryer ground.
		March valerian is of little medicinal use as the active properties are missing.
		Valerian is collected in the fall and air dried fast at low temperatures (below 40 degrees C) to minimize the breakdown of constituents.
	paridss.usask.ca /specialcrop/commodity/herb_spice/tour/valerian.html (1433 words)

	Valerian
		Valerian is commonly recommended as a mild treatment for occasional insomnia.
		Like other treatments used for insomnia, valerian has also been proposed as a treatment for anxiety, but there is little evidence as yet that it is effective.
		Valerian does not appear to reduce symptoms for patients with chronic insomnia in general practice using a series of randomised n-of-1 trials.
	healthlibrary.epnet.com /GetContent.aspx?token=e0498803-7f62-4563-8d47-5fe33da65dd4&chunkiid=21879 (2366 words)

	valerian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valerian added to bath water in the form of a very strong herbal tea or as an essential oil is said to have a calming effect, although specific scientific evidence is sparse.
		Valerian is thought to lessen anxiety because in blocking brain receptors for the neurotransmitter GABA, it also inhibits nerve impulses and stress-related messages from reaching the brain.
		A case of valerian overdose was reported in 1995; taking approximately 20 times the recommended therapeutic dose of valerian root (18 to 24 grams) produced mild symptoms.
	www.wholehealthmd.com /refshelf/substances_view/1,1525,10064,00.html (1430 words)

	Valerian
		The study regarded Valerian as a good alternative to conventional, strong medications which have the risk of habituation and side effects.
		Valerian produced a significant decrease in subjectively evaluated sleep latency scores and improvement in sleep quality.
		Valerian is effective, however, without producing a detectable "hangover" effect the next morning.
	www.geocities.com /chadrx/valer.html (840 words)

	RealMagick Article: Valerian Root, All About by Gwydion
		The name "Valerian" is derived from the Latin valere, which means "to be strong" and refers to both the health benefits of the plant as well as its distinct odor.
		Valerian is excellent for use primarily against nervous disorders and to aid in sleep.
		Valerian is usually dried and powdered and given as a tincture or by infusion.
	realmagick.com /articles/54/154.html (1030 words)

	Valerian for sleep, stress: by Ray Sahelian, M.D., buy valerian
		VALERIAN by Ray Sahelian, M.D. Valerian root is used in the traditional medicine of many cultures as a mild sedative and to aid the induction of sleep.
		Valerian may be beneficial to health by reducing physiological reactivity during stressful situations and can be helpful in reducing anxiety.
		Response to valerian was fair for 23 (96%) participants evaluating their "energy level in the previous day" but poor or modest for all 24 (100%) participants' response to "total sleep time" and for 23 (96%) participants' response to "number of night awakenings" and "morning refreshment".
	www.raysahelian.com /valerian.html (1907 words)

	Amazon.com: Books: Valerian: The New Future Trilogy Volume 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valerian and his partner, Laureline, are agents for the vast Galaxity organization.
		Valerian and his beautiful, sharp-witted and sharp-tongued partner, Laureline, live adventures set against visually stunning backgrounds: complex architectural inventions, futuristic machines, otherworldly landscapes, and odd-looking aliens that are staples of artist Mezieres's seemingly boundless visual inventiveness.
		Valerian and Laureline are two of the greatest characters of European graphic sci-fi.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0743486749?v=glance (979 words)

	Valerian information, Chinese medicinal plant seeds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Valerian loves a rich loose garden soil and responds well to plenty of moisture.
		Valerian is well known for its sedative qualities and its ability to relax the central nervous system and the smooth muscle groups.
		Over 120 chemical components are found in valerian and although a very complex drug, it has not been found to have any negative side effects with moderate use.
	www.elixirfarm.com /article01.htm (501 words)

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