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Topic: Valhalla crater

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Callisto (moon)

	Valhalla
		Valhalla, in Norse mythology, is Odin's hall, the home for those slain gloriously in battle, who are welcomed by Bragi and escorted to Valhalla by the Valkyries.
		Valhalla has a bright central region 600 km across, and concentric rings extending to a diameter of approximately 3000 km around that.
		Valhalla was the name of a ZX Spectrum computer game.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/va/Valhalla.html (322 words)

	Impact Crater Encyclopedia Article @ ClearestDiamonds.com (Clearest Diamonds) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Their work remained controversial, but the American Rochechouart crater Moon landings, which were in progress at the time, provided evidence of the rate of impact cratering on the Nevada Test Site.
		Few underwater craters have been discovered because of the difficulty of surveying the sea floor; the rapid rate of change of the ocean bottom; and the Kebira crater into the Earth's interior by processes of shocked quartz.
		The size of craters invariably changes over time; in the short term, craters shrink as a result of slumping, and over the longer term a study of a South Carolina crater and other geological processes quickly hide impact craters on the Earth.
	www.clearestdiamonds.com /encyclopedia/Impact_crater (2247 words)

	Jupiter Moon Callisto
		The icy materials excavated by the younger craters contrast sharply with the darker and redder coatings on older surfaces of Callisto.
		A portion of the central zone of the large impact structure Valhalla on Callisto was imaged by the Galileo spacecraft on November 4, 1996.
		This crater chain on Callisto is believed to result from the impact of a split object, similar to the fragments of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 which smashed into Jupiter's atmosphere in July of 1994.
	www.solarviews.com /eng/callisto.htm (1466 words)

	Callisto (moon)
		In fact, impact craters and associated concentric rings are about the only features to be found on Callisto; there are no large mountains.
		This is probably due to the icy nature of its surface, with the largest craters and mountains being erased by the flow of the icy crust over geological time.
		Two enormous concentric ring impact basins are found on Callisto; Valhalla[?] is the largest with a bright central region that is 600 kilometers in diameter and rings extending to 3000 kilometers in diameter, and the second-largest impact basin is Asgard[?] measuring about 1600 kilometers in diameter.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ca/Callisto_(moon).html (506 words)

	Impact crater (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Craters are caused by meteorite impacts or electrical discharge, although some are caused by volcanic activity (see volcano for more details), or karstic erosion (see Karst Crater for more details).
		In the center of craters on Earth a crater lake often accumulates, and in craters formed by meteorites a central island (caused by rebounding crustal rock after the impact) is usually a prominent feature in the lake.
		Giant Impact crater on Saturn's moon Mimas In either case, the size of the crater depends on the size of the impactor and the material in the Impact regions.
	impact-crater.iqnaut.net (1843 words)

	Impact crater Summary
		An impact crater is a physical scar on a planetary body's surface (topographic depression or geological structure) that is the result of hypervelocity impact by a minor planet, such as an asteroid, comet, or meteorite.
		An impact crater (impact basin, astrobleme or sometimes crater) is a circular or oval depression on a surface, usually referring to a planet, moon, asteroid, or other celestial body, caused by a collision of a smaller body (meteor) with the surface.
		Few underwater craters have been discovered because of the difficulty of surveying the sea floor; the rapid rate of change of the ocean bottom; and the subduction of the ocean floor into the Earth's interior by processes of plate tectonics.
	www.bookrags.com /Impact_crater (5611 words)

	Silverpit crater - Wikipedia Mirror (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Silverpit crater is a crater in the North Sea off the coast of the United Kingdom.
		The crater was discovered in 2001 during the analysis of seismic data collected during routine exploration for oil, and was initially reported as the UK's first known impact crater.
		The crater was discovered during analysis of seismic data collected by petroleum geoscientists Simon Stewart of BP and Philip Allen of Production Geoscience Ltd, for a region 130 km off the Humber estuary, during a routine search for fossil fuel deposits.
	www.wiki-mirror.be /index.php/Silverpit_crater (1582 words)

	Martian Craters (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		These craters also look something like their lunar counterparts, although they appear shallower and their rims are often worn down.
		The craters on Mars that are most unusual generally occur between the sizes of 5 km and 50 km.
		However, one must be careful not to predict the behavior of impactors moving at many kilometers per second from pebbles tossed into mud, and the question of exactly what factors contribute to the form of these ejecta patterns must wait for the further exploration of the planet.
	cmex.ihmc.us /MarsEssy/crater.htm (335 words)

	Catalog Page for PIA01649
		At this resolution, the surface is appears to be somewhat smooth, with a lack of numerous small impact craters.
		Valhalla's outer rings are clearly seen to consist of troughs which could be fractures in the crust which resulted from the impact.
		The bright central plains possibly were created by the excavation and ejection of "cleaner" ice or liquid water from beneath the surface, with a fluid-like massfilling the crater bowl after impact.
	photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov /catalog/PIA01649 (374 words)

	Callisto
		Chains of secondary craters (craters formed from the impact of materials thrown out of the main crater during an impact) originating from Tindr crosscut the eastern rim of Har.
		The ring structure of Valhalla, the largest impact structure on Callisto, is visible in the center of the frame.
		Craters, which are clearly recognizable, appear to be the dominant landform on Callisto.
	www.resa.net /nasa/callisto.htm (1958 words)

	Silverpit Crater
		Other craters we know about were created in hard rocks, whereas Silverpit would have been formed in soft underwater sediments – creating a very different shape of crater.
		A tall conical central peak is buried inside the crater that is itself surrounded by a series of concentric rings which extend out a further 8 km in each direction.
		Its shape and size stand Silverpit apart from other craters in the inner Solar System and its closest relative appears to be the crater Valhalla on Jupiter's moon Callisto.
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/S/Silverpit_Crater.html (333 words)

	SOS: Callisto
		The largest craters on the surface of Callisto are surrounded by concentric rings which appear as cracks, but have smoothed out some with age.
		At nearly 1900 miles in diameter, Valhalla, the largest crater on Callisto, is a good example of a crater surrounded by concentric rings.
		In fact, it is believed that the largest craters have been diminished by the flow of the ice across the surface over time.
	sos.noaa.gov /datasets/solar_system/callisto.html (201 words)

	Catalog Page for PIA00549
		It shows part of a prominent crater chain located on the northern part of the Valhalla ring structure.
		Crater chains can form from the impact of material ejected from large impacts (forming secondary chains) or by the impact of a fragmented projectile, perhaps similar to the Shoemaker-Levy 9 cometary impacts into Jupiter in July 1994.
		It is believed this crater chain was formed by the impact of a fragmented projectile.
	photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov /catalog/PIA00549 (266 words)

	Welcome to the Planets Version
		crater -- An approximately circular depression, sometimes surrounded by a raised rim.
		Craters are typically formed by explosion during meteorite impact.
		Valhalla -- In Norse mythology, Odin's hall, where he received the souls of slain warriors.
	pds.jpl.nasa.gov /planets/special/glossary.htm (2887 words)

	ASP: Star Science in the Autumn Sky
		With a surface covered with craters upon craters, Callisto is possibly the oldest landscape in the solar system.
		All the craters on Callisto are flattened because the surface, largely composed of ice, tends to settle and flow.
		The bull's-eye on the left is the crater Valhalla.
	www.astrosociety.org /education/publications/tnl/32/starscience5.html (685 words)

	Crater Forms
		In craters more than a few kilometers in diameter, gravitational collapse of the crater walls and rebound of the compressed floor result in the uplift of a central peak.
		Tycho is the youngest major crater on the Moon and its terraces and central peak are typical of its class.
		The transition from one crater form to the next is inversely proportional to a planet's gravity, so while only the largest craters on the moon are peak-ring craters, moderate-sized craters on the earth can be.
	www.uwgb.edu /dutchs/planets/cratform.htm (582 words)

	Vredefort crater - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The crater has a diameter of roughly 300 km (186 miles), larger than the 250 km (155 miles) Sudbury Basin, and the 170 km (106 miles) Chicxulub crater.
		It was originally thought that the dome in the center of the crater was formed by a volcanic explosion, however in the mid 1990s evidence revealed that it was the site of a huge bolide impact, with telltale shatter cones often discovered in the bed of the nearby Vaal River.
		The Vredefort crater site is one of the few multi-ringed impact craters on Earth, though they are more common elsewhere in the solar system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vredefort_crater (365 words)

	SPACE.com -- A Moon By Any Other Name
		For example, a most obvious crater on the side of the Moon that always faces us (the moon is tidally locked to rotate at its orbital rate) is the huge rayed crater Copernicus.
		It is so large that if you were standing on it you would not know that you were in a crater (the horizon on the moon is only two miles away and Copernicus is almost 300 miles in diameter).
		Large ringed features on the Jovian moon Callisto, for example, are often named after "heavens" such as Valhalla (the heaven of the Vikings), the largest impact crater in the solar system or Adlinda, the place deep in the ocean where souls go in the Inuit mythology.
	www.space.com /searchforlife/seti_moon_doyle_050217.html (1178 words)

	Silverpit crater - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Silverpit crater is a sub-sea structure under the North Sea off the coast of the United Kingdom.
		The crater was discovered during analysis of seismic data collected by petroleum geoscientists Simon Stewart of BP and Philip Allen of Production Geoscience Ltd, for a region 130 km off the Humber estuary, during a routine search for fossil fuel deposits.
		Unusually for a terrestrial crater, it is surrounded by a set of concentric rings, which extend to about 10 km away from its centre.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Silverpit_crater (1657 words)

	Outer Satellites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Asgard Basin and Burr Crater (Asgard 1700 km diameter)-->
		One of 12 crater chains on Callisto (360 km long; largest crater 24 km diameter) -->
		Cratered Surface, including Herschel Crater (130 km diameter; 10 km deep; central peak 9 km high)
	www.gpc.edu /~bskelton/1010/outer_sats/outer.html (244 words)

	Galileo Images - Callisto: Impact Structures / Craters
		Impact Craters on Icy Callisto: Doh crater and Asgard
		Mass Wasting in Craters near the South Pole of Callisto
		Craters in a Newly Imaged Area on Callisto
	www2.jpl.nasa.gov /galileo/images/callisto/impacts.html (81 words)

	Harlock Saga by Side Order of Ninjas-Totally Ninjarific
		Alberich plans to invade Valhalla, center of the universe where the god Wotan slumbered until awakened by the ring.
		The Nibelung clan attempted to conquer Valhalla but was banished.
		If Valhalla is destroyed by Alberich, the universe would become a speck of light before ending.
	www.geocities.com /sideorderofninjas/reviews/harlock.html (2055 words)

	Phsc 2 Summer Module #4
		Europa: a fractured icy surface that is free of impact craters indicates this moon is active, contianing a "crust"of frozen water that rides on a liquid water layer.
		Some regions are less cratered suggesting periods of surface activity but Ganymede is thought to have been inactive for some time.
		Calisto: A heavily cratered icy moon with a rocky core is an inactive satellite.
	web1.shastacollege.edu /geoscience/online/phsc2su/phsc2su_outline4.html (10593 words)

	Valhalla (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Valhalla is the "hall of the slain" in Nordic mythology.
		Valhalla Cemetery, a fictional cemetery for superheroes in the DC Universe
		Valhalla (restaurant), a restaurant in Sausalito, California founded by Sally Stanford
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Valhalla_(disambiguation) (159 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Sarakka crater is a real location, located near Callisto's equator.
		It is 56 kilometers in diameter, and located almost due south of the Valhalla impact basin, the largest crater (ring feature) on the moon.
		The region surrounding the Valhalla impact basin seems to have many missing craters and strange unexplained smooth regions; this is why this location was chosen for the story.
	www.sff.net /people/kwharton/Callisto/callisto9.htm (96 words)

	The Moon Callisto: Geologically Dead (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Callisto, like Ganymede and Europa, is covered by a frozen water ocean, but unlike the other Galilean satellites, Callisto is saturated with craters, suggesting very old terrain.
		The cratering density on Callisto is essentially maximal, meaning that no higher density of craters could be formed because the formation of a new crater would on the average destroy one old crater.
		(Ref) shows an enormous impact feature on Callisto called Valhalla.
	csep10.phys.utk.edu /astr161/lect/jovian_moons/callisto.html (189 words)

	The planet Jupiter
		There are not very many craters if there are any at all because the volcanic activity would cover them up.
		It is made of silicates and has a layer of smooth water ice 10 to 30 km thick.
		Older craters look flat and faded because the icy surface does not hold the shape of the crater as well as rock does over long periods of time.
	www.edinformatics.com /math_science/solar_system/jupiter.htm (1509 words)

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