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Topic: Valve gear

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Willamette locomotive

PRR B6

Variable valve timing

Steam locomotive nomenclature

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BMW M50

Walschaert valve gear

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	Valve gear - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Walschaert valve gear on a steam locomotive (a PRR E6s).
		The valve gear of a steam engine is the mechanism that operates the inlet and exhaust valves to admit steam into the cylinder and allow exhaust steam to escape, respectively, at the correct points in the cycle.
		A key flaw in all of these valve gears is that the same valve motion operates the exhaust valve as well as the inlet valve, making it much harder to achieve the desirable valve events on both the inlet and the exhaust at the same time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Valve_gear (645 words)

	Caprotti valve gear - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Close-up of the British Caprotti valve gear on the preserved BR standard class 5 73129.
		The Caprotti valve gear is a type of steam engine valve gear invented by the Italian Arturo Caprotti.
		In the 1950s Caprotti valve gear was improved and this British Caprotti valve gear was fitted to the last two British Railways-built fl fives 44686/7, the last 30 BR standard class 5s, numbers 73125-54 and the unique BR standard class 8 71000 Duke of Gloucester.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/British_Caprotti_valve_gear (217 words)

	Baker valve gear - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Baker valve gear was the main competitor to Walschaert valve gear for steam locomotives in the United States.
		The Baker Locomotive Valve Gear was produced by the Pilliod Co. of Swanton, Ohio, with the first patents being issued in 1903.
		The Baker valve gear replaces the expansion link of the Walschaert valve gear with an assembly of levers and links which produces the same motion.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baker_valve_gear (682 words)

	INSTRUCTIONS FOR VALVE GEAR PROGRAMS Ver. P.7
		The reverse arm (reach rod or the yoke in Baker gear) is the lever that changes the valve gear between forward and reverse.
		Adjusting the length of the valve rod or the valve stem moves the valve so that the lead is equal at both ends when the reverse arm is at its center.
		The center of the valve and the center of the cylinder or valve ports are compared and their difference is printed to the screen as valve position.
	www.nmia.com /~vrbass/steam/valve/instruct.htm (7452 words)

	BAGNALL LOCOMOTIVE VALVE GEARS
		The motion alone would work the valve had it not required lap and lead, and it is to provide for these that the valve rod runs on an eccentric which is caused to oscillate by its connection to the end of the rod driving the gear.
		The advantages claimed for this gear, and in fact for the earlier one, are the absence of overhanging parts and the ‘straight line’ motion from the crank pin to the valve.
		The valve gear was all between the frames and was used because the low pitch of the boiler rendered all other gears impracticable.
	www.irsociety.co.uk /Archives/11/bagnall_loco_valve_gears.htm (1712 words)

	Valve gear mechanism patent invention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		On the other hand, since the spring device generates the force pressing the valve toward the valve seat, repulsion force driving the valve in the closing direction is generated in the spring device when the valve is driven in the opening direction by the drive mechanism.
		Accordingly, the repulsion force of the spring device and the separation inhibiting force generated by the separation inhibiting device are applied to the valve, and the valve is driven in the closing direction by both forces.
		Since only the valve is driven in the opening direction when the valve is opened due to the reaction at the time of the abnormal valve opening, the valve and the rocker arm are separated from each other.
	freshpatents.com /Valve-gear-mechanism-dt20050602ptan20050115531.php (1665 words)

	valvegear
		(1) the steam or inlet valve, (2) the equilibrium valve, and (3) the exhaust valve.
		Now first, the exhaust valve is opened, which allows the spent steam from the previous cycle to be discharged to the condenser, where it is condensed by a jet of water, maintaining the vacuum.
		In a similar way, the exhaust valve is closed at the end of the steam stroke, and the equilibrium valve at the end of the pump stroke.
	www.cruquiusmuseum.nl /valvegear.htm (1403 words)

	dead-center-1
		The valve gear, also referred to as the valve motion, of a steam locomotive, is designed and adjusted so the valve will admit approximately equal quantities of steam, at the appropriate time, to the cylinder on the forward and backward stroke of the piston.
		After completing the construction and assembly of the valve gear, adjustments are made to the various components in an effort to compensate for any dimensional discrepancies that may exist.
		In what may be called the first phase of valve setting, adjustments are made to the valve and valve gear so that the valve is moved to specific points of its stroke when the crank pin is located at specific reference points of its rotation.
	www.jghtech.com /html/dead-center-1.html (1236 words)

	Forney Valve Gear
		Valve timing is very important and, if wrong, will cause jerky running or even the inability to run at all.
		With the crank pins at the bottom (fig 4) the valve will be at its front dead centre and the rear face of the brass locknut will be flush with the rear end of the valve chest extension (distance 'B' on the photo).
		With the crank pins at the top, the valve will be at it's rear dead centre (fig1) and distance 'A' should be roughly twice the thickness of the lock nut.
	www.roundhouse-eng.com /ss01.htm (1084 words)

	5AT Valve Gear
		Eickhoff's points, the contribution of Walschaerts valve gear to the balancing issue is negligible as most of its inertia forces are out of phase with those of the main reciprocating masses, and the maximum acceleration (i.e.
		Porta's invention of valve liner cooling allows higher steam temperatures to be used without lubrication difficulties, and inertia forces are kept at manageable levels by the very lightweight construction made possible by designing the valves according to stress analysis rather than empirical rules.
		Note that this is one reason to reject Caprotti valve gear as finally applied to BR locomotives, as the valves were arranged to drop from their seats during drifting thus providing a full by-pass from one end of the cylinder to the other, precluding the build-up of cushioning steam pressure.
	www.5at.co.uk /FAQ5.html (687 words)

	Steam locomotive basics - section 6, valve gear
		he function of the locomotive valve gear is to regulate the movement of the valves so that steam is admitted and exhausted from the cylinders in relation to the position of the pistons.
		In the Walschaert valve gear, which was common among many railway companies except for the Great Western, fore-and-aft movement of the valve spindle is controlled by both the combination lever and the expansion link.
		Adjustment to the length of valve travel is made by raising or lowering the position of the radius rod within the expansion link.
	www.greatwestern.org.uk /basic6.htm (292 words)

	Locomotive Boilers and Engines
		68-a it is obvious that the motion of the valve is obtained from the crosshead and an eccentric crank attached to the main crank pin.
		It is evident, therefore, that the valve obtains a motion from the eccentric crank, link, radius bar, and valve rod in a manner similar to the Stephenson, the main difference being in the crosshead connection which results in giving the valve a constant lead.
		In the Stephenson gear, a movement of the reverse lever causes the link to be raised or lowered, the link block remaining stationary, whereas in the Walschaert gear, the link remains stationary and the link block is raised or lowered.
	www.sdrm.org /faqs/boilers/page89.html (687 words)

	Walschaerts Valve Gear
		Set the valve gear to mid position and look down into the valve-chests and note the position of the slide valves.
		The actual valve opening position will vary depending on how worn the valve gear is. The more wear in the linkage, the later the opening will become, so don't worry if you are unable to achieve port 'cracking' at exactly crank pin dead center.
		Note that the valve nut has a flat machined on it, which must be to the bottom when sitting it down into the slide-valve.
	www.roundhouse-eng.com /ss02.htm (986 words)

	Valve gear assembly
		I have chosen to illustrate this with Walschaerts’ valve gear, partly because that is the motion I seem mainly work to with and so have examples to hand for illustration, but also because it is potentially the most complicated working set of joints a modeller will encounter.
		I discount the special inside valve gear sets that can be assembled as working or cosmetic as a positive choice will have been made to fit these.
		Before describing the method, it may be wise to consider the positions in valve gear where you may consider making break points to ease the process of taking the motion apart.
	www.gauge0guild.com /Gazette/article15_9.htm (1870 words)

	The British Caprotti Valve Gear
		Piston valve heads were fixed in position on their rod, compromising valve events.
		Instead of a simple single seat poppet valve, where petrol/air vapour or exhaust gases passes by the sides, he invented a hollow (spoked) double seat valve, where steam not only passed by the two seats but also went down or up through the centre of the valve as well.
		Instead of a camshaft, with fixed cams on it (to operate the valves), which gave fixed valve events, he invented an assembly with two inlet cams, which could be moved (mechanically) in relation to each other, giving variable inlet valve actuation and one exhaust cam, giving fixed valve events.
	www.dukeofgloucester.cwc.net /caprotti.htm (648 words)

	Stephenson Valve Gear
		With outside-admission valves (slide and piston) actuated directly by Stephenson valve gear, the 'position of the eccentric on the crank axle is 90° plus the angle of advance in front of the crank for each direction of travel.
		With inside-admission valves operated directly, the respective eccentrics follow the crank by 90° less the angle of advance.
		If a rocking shaft, which reverses the direction of movement, is interposed between the inside-admission valve and the valve gear, the eccentrics are set as mentioned in the first example.
	www.kesr-operating.org.uk /stephenson.htm (458 words)

	Motors
		Valves had no springs and were held in their seats by centrifugal force and operated by pushrods and rockers.
		Experimental, widened Liberty 12-A with two crankshafts geared to a single propshaft, which was hollow to permit firing of a cannon mounted between the cylinder banks.
		Standard shaft speed was 1800rpm but, via a system of planetary and eccentric gears, prop speed was 1080rpm, while the main body rotated at only 60rpm — its slow speed allowed water to circulate from the jackets through 9 tubular radiators between the cylinders, which eliminated the need for water hoses.
	www.aerofiles.com /motors.html (6567 words)

	Steam Locomotive Walschaert Valve Gear Animation
		By the way, Walschaert gear is correct; Walschaerts gear is not (unless it is used in the possessive case, with an apostrophe, eg: "Walschaerts' design").
		Also Valves and Pistons (lap and lead), and Cylinder design (PV indicator) (UK)
		Valve timing diagrams with lap and lead illustration (UK)
	home.new.rr.com /trumpetb/loco (529 words)

	Valve gear for internal combustion engines (EP0472430A2)
		The profile of the first cam (15) includes an ascending portion (202) to move the valve member (29) in a second direction opposite to the first direction and a descending ramp (203) to control movement of the cam follower with respect to the valve member.
		The profile of the second cam (21) includes a descending portion (200) to control movement of the valve member in the first direction and an ascending ramp (201) to control movement of the cam follower with respect to the valve member.
		This means that the cam follower moves with respect to the valve member and that the cams remain substantially in contact with the cam follower at all times.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=EP00472430 (232 words)

	Walschaert's Valve Gear (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Adjustment of the Walschaert valve gear with diagram of the components and their names.
		The Walschaert locomotive valve gear;: A practical treatise on the locomotive valve actuating mechanism originally invented by Egide Walschaerts,
		The Walschaert locomotive valve gear;: A practical treatise on the locomitive valve actuating mechanism originally invented by Egide Walschaerts,
	www.valvegear.info /info/Walschaert%27s-Valve-Gear (337 words)

	Rainer Radow's Steam Boat Page
		This graph window (one of three for valve movement) shows valve movement by angle of crank (0° is taken at 12 o'clock and the degrees are numbered in a clockwise rotation.
		In America, direction of rotation in marine engines is as viewed from the after end of the engine, but you will have to look at the geometry of the engine--location of reversing lever, movement of link, etc.--to decide if this is right for you.).
		The sine curves represent the position of the valve edges.
	www.steamboating.de /valve/valve-maine.html (737 words)

	Bill Sherwood's Engine Page - Valve Gear
		There are mainly two systems used to control the valve clearances - Ones with the shim adjuster under the follower bucket, and the other where the shim sits on top of the bucket, eg, Toyota 4AGE.
		Another myth passed on from two valve engines is that you need high static spring pressure to stop the valves from bouncing and floating at high revs.
		Since the valves are so small in a multi-valve twin cam, you can quite often run very low seat pressures, eg, 30lbs or so, and have no problems even 8,000+ revs.
	www.billzilla.org /engvalve.htm (1613 words)

	Richard Leonard's Baker Locomotive Valve Gear - The Pilliod Company Sales Booklet (circa 1915) and Spare Parts Catalog ...
		The company's efforts were devoted to supplying original and replacement parts for the Baker gear, which had been applied to 10,000 locomotives at that time.
		The 80-page catalog has extensive illustrations of the various styles of Baker valve gear, along with their components, plus lists of a large number of available spare parts.
		Only the five assembled valve gear frame styles and the locomotives are shown here.
	www.railarchive.net /bakervalve/partscat.htm (190 words)

	The Valve Store
		Valve will generally ship orders within 2-3 business days from date of order unless the ship date is specified at the item level.
		If you ordered multiple items, Valve reserves the right to hold your shipment until all items are in stock.
		Valve, the Valve logo, Half-Life, the Half-Life logo, the Lambda logo, Steam, the Steam logo, Team Fortress, the Team Fortress logo, Opposing Force, Day of Defeat, the Day of Defeat logo, Counter-Strike, the Counter-Strike logo, Source, the Source logo, Valve Source and Counter-Strike: Condition Zero are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Valve Corporation.
	store.valvesoftware.com (163 words)

	Richard Leonard's Baker Locomotive Valve Gear - The Pilliod Company Sales Booklet (circa 1915) and Spare Parts Catalog ...
		The company issued the sales booklet around 1915 to promote its product, the Baker Locomotive Valve Gear, which had been applied to the locomotives pictured during 1911 through 1914.
		The illustrations speak louder than words in testifying to the phenomenal success of the Baker Gear on engines of the leading railroads of the country.
		We unreservedly guarantee the Baker Valve Gear to be free from defects of material and workmanship and we will replace without charge any parts that prove defective within two years from date of installation.
	www.railarchive.net /bakervalve/index.html (350 words)

	IPC 7 English version F01L !A-F01L 35/04
		Valve members or valve seats with means for guiding or deflecting the medium controlled thereby, e.g.
		Slide-valve gear or valve arrangements with reciprocatory and other movement of same valve, other than provided for in group F01L 17/00, e.g.
		Valve drive, valve adjustment during operation, or other valve control, not provided for in groups F01L 15/00 to F01L 29/00 (sensing elements measuring the variable or condition to be controlled or regulated F01B)
	www.wipo.int /classifications/fulltext/new_ipc/ipc7/ef01l.htm (1297 words)

	Desmodromic Valve Gear (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Desmodromic valve operating mechanism is where the camshaft controls both the opening and closing of the valve.
		One benefit of this is that when the motor is over-revved, the valves are still controlled, whereas when they are returned by springs the valves can "float" and hit the piston.
		Note that in the diagram, the springs are only used to close the valve the last fraction, to aid starting.
	www.usq.edu.au /users/grantd/motorcycle/ducati/DESMO.HTM (142 words)

	Re: Valve gear? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		I have built a couple variations of the wolf gear, one for my own engine and one for a friend using a link and ball bearings instead of the sliding wood block.
		This makes the valve gear pull more easily and is not as hard on the eccentric.
		I think this is somewhat similar to the Reeves gear.
	www.enginads.com /extras/steamarch.cgi/noframes/read/502 (159 words)

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