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Topic: Vaquita

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	Vaquita
		Vaquita nikdy byl lovený přímo. Opravdu jejich pokračující existence byla jen potvrzena oddaným průzkumem v roce 1985.
		Vaquita je vypsán IUCN a konvence o mezinárodním obchodě v ohroženém druhu divoké fauny a květeně v nejkritičtější kategorii v ohrožení zániku.
		Dokonce jestliže množství Vaquita zabilo rybářskými oblastmi je zredukovaný na nulu znepokojení zůstanou mezi ochránce přírody.
	wikipedia.infostar.cz /v/va/vaquita.html (363 words)

	Vaquita Dolphin
		The Vaquita Dolphin is a shy loner, avoiding social groups with the exception that mothers and calves (one per year, arriving in late March) stay together until the calves mature.
		The Vaquita Dolphin has a short, triangular, wide-based dorsal fin, 22 to 28 pairs of teeth in the upper jaw, and 21 to 25 in the lower jaw.
		The Vaquita Dolphin is actually a porpoise and a member of the Phocoenidae Family.
	www.mexfish.com /fish/vaquita/vaquita.htm (394 words)

	Vaquita Marinas, Endangererd Specie
		Vaquitas are not intentionally hunted but at least 25 a year are entangled and die in fishing nets set for other species.
		Then an analysis was done on the various factors affecting vaquita mortality and it was determined that incidental fisheries fatalities (ie: net entanglement) were the greatest immediate threat to the specie.
		They made recommendation for the recuperation of the vaquita specie that included eliminating vaquita by-catch as soon as possible, extend the southern boundary of the Reserve to encompass the entire range of the vaquita and to ban gill-netting and trawlers in the enlarged Reserve.
	www.blueroadrunner.com /vaquitas.htm (780 words)

	CDNN Eco News :: Mexico Battles to Save Vaquita Porpoise
		Vaquita appear to be the shortest porpoise, growing to a maximum length of approximately 149 m.
		Vaquita feed primarily on teleost fishes that are commonly found in the demersal and benthic zones of the shallow waters of the upper Gulf of California.
		Vaquita are known to die in gillnets set legally for sharks, rays, mackerels and chano.
	www.cdnn.info /eco/e021021/e021021.html (914 words)

	CMS: Phocoena sinus, Vaquita
		The vaquita is the smallest of the porpoises.
		The vaquita is endemic to the head of the Golfo de California, from Puertecitos, Baja California Norte, north and east to Puerto Peflasco, Sonora.
		Vaquitas frequently die in illegal and sporadically permitted "survey-sampling" gill nets set for the endemic and endangered large corvinalike fish called the "totoaba" (Totoaba macdonaldi); in legal gill nets set for sharks, rays, mackerels (Scomberomorus sierra and S. concolor), chano (Micropogonias megalops) (a "croaker"), and shrimp (Penaeus spp.); and occasionally in commercial shrimp trawls.
	www.cms.int /reports/small_cetaceans/data/P_sinus/p_sinus.htm (1787 words)

	Saving the Vaquita
		The vaquita is the sole member of the Phocoenidae family ("true porpoises") found in the Gulf of California and the only cetacean endemic of Mexico.
		The Vaquita is extremely difficult to observe at sea, due to behavior, habitat, and the way it reaches the surface after diving.Vaquitas have a dark patch around the eye, and dark coloring around the mouth, from where a dark stripe extends to the flipper.
		The adults specimens of vaquita measure 1.2-1.5m in length, and are thought to weigh a maximum of 55 kg.
	www.sanfelipe.com.mx /fishing/vaquita_meeting/vaquita_meeting.html (851 words)

	Whales on the Net - The Vaquita (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The abundance of the only population of vaquitas, Gulf of California harbor porpoise (_Phocoena sinus_), is estimated from four surveys conducted in Mexico between 1986 and 1993, using a variety of methods.
		Vaquita abundance is estimated as 503 (CV = 0.63) from 1986-1988 boat surveys, 885 (CV = 0.50) from 1988-1989 aerial surveys, 572 (CV = 1.43) from a 1991 aerial survey, and 224 (CV = 0.39) from a 1993 ship survey.
		All of these estimates of vaquita abundance indicate that the species is at a critically low level.
	www.omplace.com /omsites/discover/PORPOISES/vaquita.html (144 words)

	Animal Info - Vaquita
		The vaquita is the smallest living cetacean, weighing up to 55 kg (120 lb).
		All of the 17 fish species found in vaquita stomachs can be classified as demersal and/or benthic species inhabiting relatively shallow water in the upper Gulf of California.
		Loose aggregations of vaquitas, in which they were dispersed as single individuals or as small subgroups (from two to four members, greatest number eight to ten) throughout several hundred sq m (several thousand sq ft) were also reported.
	www.animalinfo.org /species/cetacean/phocsinu.htm (1009 words)

	ANIMAL BYTES - Vaquita
		The vaquita is one of the world’s most endangered cetaceans.
		Vaquita often are caught in nets set to catch other animals.
		Vaquita survival is closely tied to one gillnet fishery in particular: totoabo (Totoaba macdonaldi, a type of fish resembling the white seabass).
	www.seaworld.org /animal-info/animal-bytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/chordates/craniata/mammalia/cetacea/vaquita.htm (259 words)

	WWF - Vaquita
		The vaquita, a small porpoise endemic to Mexico's Gulf of California, is the world's smallest and most endangered small marine cetacean.
		Each year, anywhere between 40 and 80 vaquitas are killed in gillnets and trawl nets used in both artisanal and commercial fishing.
		The vaquita is the smallest living cetacean, closely resembling the common porpoise.
	www.panda.org /about_wwf/what_we_do/species/our_solutions/endangered_species/cetaceans/vaquita/index.cfm (446 words)

	ANIMAL BYTES - Vaquita
		The front-or leading-edge of the vaquita's dorsal fin is slightly convex, and the rear-or trailing-edge is almost straight.In size, Vaquitas are the smallest porpoise and among the smallest cetaceans.A vaquita's color is a complex but subdued pattern of various shades of gray, often appearing olive or tawny brown in adults.
		The vaquita's diet-based on the stomach contents of one specimen-likely consists of grunt, Gulf croakers, and squid.
		Vaquita survival is closely related to one gillnet fishery in particular: totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi, a type of fish resembling the white seabass).
	www.seaworld.org /animal-info/animal-bytes/animalia/eumetazoa/coelomates/deuterostomes/chordata/craniata/mammalia/cetacea/vaquita.htm (612 words)

	Small, smaller, smallest -- The plight of the vaquita
		The vaquita is endemic to the north-western corner of the Gulf of California (north of 30º45'N and mainly west of 114º20'W), an area rich and diverse in marine mammals.
		Is the vaquita destined to become the first marine cetacean to go extinct in modern times because of anthropogenic factors" How can this sad prospect be prevented" The small number of porpoises in the current population cannot be expected to withstand continuing incidental mortality.
		However, progress towards even reducing, much less stopping, vaquita bycatch has been painfully slow despite efforts to phase-out fishing with gillnets in the core area of vaquita distribution and to devise schemes involving compensation, incentives and alternative livelihoods for fishermen.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-12/bpl-sss120806.php (859 words)

	SharkFriends Vaquita Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Vaquitas are found only in shallow lagoons in and around the Colorado River delta in the northern Gulf of California and Mexico.
		The Vaquita is one of the smaller cetacean species, growing to only 5 feet.
		Its triangular fin is large in comparison to the rest of its body, and at first sight may even be mistaken for a shark's fin.
	www.sharkfriends.com /vaquita.html (169 words)

	UnderwaterTimes.com \| Print an Article
		Acoustic surveys suggest that vaquitas are not only limited to the north-western Gulf all the year-round, but also that their current distribution is more restricted than previously thought – confined to a small area off the eastern coast of the Baja California Peninsula.
		For decades scientists from Mexico and abroad, in various international and national fora, have warned the Mexican Government that the vaquita was at risk of being extirpated as a result of the bycatch.
		Similar efforts are needed urgently for the vaquita, a small animal living in a small area with a small, and ever-smaller, population.
	www.underwatertimes.com /print.php?article_id=32711098405 (965 words)

	Save the Upper Gulf of California - NRDC's BioGems
		The vaquita is the world's smallest porpoise; its sleek, pearl-gray body grows to just under five feet long.
		Vaquita slip through the shallow, murky waters along the shore and the nutrient-filled lagoons of the Colorado River delta.
		Local fishermen's gillnets continue to ensnare this small porpoise along with their intended catch, driving the vaquita marina toward the brink of extinction.
	www.savebiogems.org /uppergulf (322 words)

	VAQUITA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Vaquita has a classic porpoise shape-stocky and curved into a concave shape when viewed from the side.
		CIRVA, the Committee for the Recovery of the Vaquita, concluded in 2000 that between 39 and 84 individuals are killed each year by such gillnets.
		The Vaquita is listed by the IUCN and the Convention on International Trade in the Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora in the most critical category at risk of extinction.
	www.faktoen.com /wiki/en/va/Vaquita.htm (433 words)

	Marine Mammal Commission: Species List
		Vaquita are similar to harbor porpoises with respect to life span, patterns of growth, age at sexual maturity, seasonal reproduction, and mating season.
		In contrast to the harbor porpoise, the calving interval for adult female vaquita may be greater than one year.
		The vaquita is found only in the shallow (<50 m), near shore (<40 km) waters of the northern Gulf of California (Mexico).
	mmc.gov /species/vaquita.html (145 words)

	GORP - Top 10 Endangered Species - Vaquita (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Growing to a mere five feet and weighing around 100 pounds, the vaquita ("little cow") is one of the most elusive marine mammals in the ocean.
		Vaquitas are found solely in Mexico's Gulf of California, near the mouth of the Colorado River.
		The vaquita is one of the Gulf of Mexico's prime predators, and eliminating it may wreak havoc on resident fish populations, causing them first to explode, then decline when food stocks are overburdened.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/activity/wildlife/endangered_species_5.htm (363 words)

	The Porpoise Page - Information on Porpoises
		The Vaquita is very similar in appearance to the Harbor Porpoise.
		Vaquitas are found only in the upper portion of the Gulf of California.
		Vaquitas are considered by many to be the most endangered of all the small cetaceans.
	www.theporpoisepage.com /vaquita.php (498 words)

	WWF - Vaquita
		In addition, the vaquita is possibly affected by reductions in water flow into the Gulf of California from the Colorado River, and pesticide pollution is suspected as a potential problem.
		Commercial and artisanal fishing being intensive in the upper Gulf, notably for shrimp, sharks and scombrids, the vaquita is particularly vulnerable to incidental mortality in gill nets.
		Some vaquita tangled in nets showed scars on their flukes from teeth that could be shark or killer whale, and there have been sightings of killer whales and also of other species of sharks, like the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier), scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna spp.) and bull shark (Charcharhinus leucas), among others.
	www.panda.org /about_wwf/what_we_do/species/our_solutions/endangered_species/cetaceans/vaquita/index.cfm?SID=51&LID=2&FH=E&SECTION=4 (614 words)

	Vaquita Description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Vaquitas are thought to be one of the smallest cetaceans.
		Vaquitas are about 70cm (28in) long when they are newly born.
		The weight of new born vaquitas is not known, but adults weigh between 30 and 55 kg (65 - 120lb).
	www.wdcs.org /dan/publishing.nsf/allweb/5A5F11A43DCA613F802569CF00447025 (335 words)

	The Vaquita, the world's smallest cetacean, dives toward extinction
		The population of the Vaquita, a species of porpoise that measures less than 1.5 m (five feet) long and is endemic to the northwestern corner of the Gulf of California, is believed to be around 400 individuals, making it one of the two most critically endangered small cetaceans in the world.
		Estimates from the Committee for the Recovery of the Vaquita (CIRVA) suggest that 8-16 percent of Vaquitas may be lost annually as bycatch, indicating that the species could be extinct by 2050.
		The elusive vaquita, first described only in 1958, is found in the shallow (less than 50 m deep), near shore (within 40 km) waters of the northern Gulf of California, Mexico.
	news.mongabay.com /2006/1210-vaquita.html (473 words)

	Phocoena sinus, Vaquita at MarineBio.org
		The Vaquita, Phocoena sinus (Norris and McFarland, 1958), aka Gulf of California harbor porpoise, reaches 1.2 to 1.5 m in length and averages 55 kg; females are slightly larger than males.
		Vaquitas are similar in shape and size to the Harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena, with the exception of the more slender body shape of the Vaquita.
		Vaquitas have been observed both singly and in small groups, which suggests that they are a less gregarious dolphin species, and perhaps more competitive during mating season.
	marinebio.org /species.asp?id=361 (865 words)

	Aquarium of the Pacific-Animal Database (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		This is undoubtedly the reason why vaquita are critically endangered today and believed by many scientists to be on the brink of extinction.
		The current best estimate of today’s vaquita population is only 500-600 animals with 40-80 animals in the population drowned in fishing nets each year, trapped as incidental or bycatch.
		Vaquita are listed as critically endangered by the IUCN-World Conservation Union (IUCN) In the United States they are protected by the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 and have been listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act since 1985.
	www.aquariumofpacific.org /ANIMAL_DATABASE/ADBindex.asp?id=159&cat=co (438 words)

	Conservation Action Network
		The extinction of the vaquita may be only a decade away unless stricter protective measures are taken soon.
		The vaquita is threatened because it lives in a limited geographic area, has a very small population, and is sometimes taken by accident in gill nets set for sharks, rays, shrimp, and other fish stocks.
		Concerning your kind email expressing your concern about the endangered status of the vaquita, we thank you for your concern and appreciate the opportunity to explain some of the actions Semarnat is taking to give the vaquita a chance of survival and further recovery.
	takeaction.worldwildlife.org /results/vaquita.asp (525 words)

	Aquarium of the Pacific (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In addition to being the smallest member of the porpoise family, vaquita are the smallest of all known cetaceans, have the most restricted range, and are the most critically endangered of all cetaceans.
		Vaquita have the typical robust body shape of a porpoise with the middle of the body measuring about 68% of the body length.
		Examination of stomach contents of dead animals has shown that vaquitas are not picky about their diet, eating a variety of fish species (17 species found in one animal) that live near or on the gulf bottom.
	www.aquariumofpacific.org /ANIMAL_DATABASE/ADBprint.asp?id=159 (1124 words)

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