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Topic: Varanid lizards

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	Cooper: Chemical cues in lizards
		Varanid lizards often tongue-flick in feeding and social contexts, but little is known regarding their abilities to identify a variety of prey using only chemical cues or to detect pheromones.
		The lizards tongue-flicked in response to conspecific cues at a higher rate than to the odorless control but at a lower rate than to cues from a gekkonid lizard, indicating that conspecific cues were detected and discriminated from prey cues.
		Varanid lizards tongue-flick to investigate objects in diverse contexts, but empirical knowledge about their abilities to discriminate among biologically important chemical stimuli is limited.
	www.neiu.edu /~jkasmer/Biol498R/Readings/cooper.htm (4104 words)

	Monitor lizard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Monitor lizards are the family Varanidae, a group of lizards which includes the largest living lizard, the Komodo Dragon.
		Monitor lizards are considered to be the most highly developed lizards, possessing a relatively rapid metabolism for reptiles, several sensory adaptations that benefit the hunting of live prey, and a lower jaw that may be unhinged to facilitate eating large prey animals.
		However, the venom in monitor lizards accumulates around the base of the teeth, and is not injected through hollows in the teeth as in venomous snakes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Monitor_lizard (290 words)

	Varanus Research
		The former pattern is found in turtles, crocodiles, and the lacertid lizards Podarcis and Gallotia, and the latter pattern in the gekkonid lizards Gekko and Eublepharis, in Varanus, and in the snakes Python and Thamnophis.
		Collateralization of descending pathways from the brainstem to the spinal cord in a lizard, Varanus exanthematicus.
		We conclude that the kinetic apparatus in lizards is not a mechanism for actively moving the palato-maxillary unit and is therefore not a mechanism for increasing gape or actively controlling upper jaw movements.
	sdnvaranus.tripod.com /Research/varanus.html (16049 words)

	Eric Pianka's Varanid Research
		Body sizes of extant varanid species are plotted on a phylogeny and probable sizes at ancestral nodes are inferred from those of their descendents.
		Varanids are sufficiently conservative morphologically that taxonomic ranking at the generic level seems justified.
		Varanids are usually considered to be a late Tertiary invader of Australia because the earliest Australian fossils are from the middle Miocene of South Australia.
	uts.cc.utexas.edu /~varanus/varanus.html (2082 words)

	Untitled Document
		It includes a brief discussion of the evolutionary history of the monitor lizards, the largest and smallest monitors and the family's distribution.
		The frequency and speed at which monitor lizards can produce clutches of eggs in captivity, and their largely unfussy diets, makes it almost inconceivable that multiple clutching is either a rare phenomena in the wild or that it only occurs in a few species.
		The authors emphasize the fact that monitor lizards can survive with very little energy input, but do not mention the lizards' extraordinary ability to assimilate large amounts of energy when it is available.
	mampam.50megs.com /review3.htm (998 words)

	Snake - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		There are also several species of legless lizard which superficially resemble snakes, but are not otherwise related to them.
		The likeliest ancestors are thought to be mosasaurs — extinct aquatic reptiles from the Cretaceous — which in turn are thought to have derived from varanid lizards.
		Features such as lack of eyelids and lack of external ears are thought to have evolved to combat marine conditions, leading to a snake similar in appearance to sea snakes of today.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/s/n/a/Snake.html (2431 words)

	CSIRO PUBLISHING - Australian Journal of Zoology
		The standard metabolic rate (SMR) and maximal oxygen consumption (V-O2max) were measured for four species of varanid lizards and the skink Tiliqua rugosa at 35 degrees C. These were compared to each other and to the V-O2max of the iguanid lizard Cyclura nubila by analysis of covariance with body mass as a covariate.
		These results indicate that the SMRs of the varanids were similar to those of other lizards, and, despite generalisations in the literature, not all varanid lizards have high aerobic capacities.
		Varanid lizards may be as physiologically diverse as other lizard families.
	www.publish.csiro.au /nid/90/paper/ZO9940185.htm (253 words)

	Fossil Monitor Lizards
		Monitor lizards or goannas (family Varanidae) are common in tropical and subtropical areas of the globe today, consisting of almost three dozen species spread across Africa, Asia, the East Indies, and Australia.
		The nearest living relatives of modern goannas are the earless monitor Lanthanotus, an obscure southeast Asian lizard, and the gila monster and beaded lizard of the genus Heloderma.
		Further afield, the teeth of all varanids show a labyrinthine infolding of the dentine which is visible as longitudinal striations on the surface.
	www.fossilnews.com /1995/varanus.html (698 words)

	BBC - Science & Nature - Wildfacts - Megalania, giant ripper lizard
		The giant ripper lizard is a varanid lizard or goanna like the living Komodo dragon.
		It is likely that giant ripper lizards both caught their own prey and scavenged, as the Komodo dragon does today.
		Giant ripper lizard fossils and reconstructions are on display at Monash Science Centre, Monash University, Clayton in Victoria State, Australia; and the Wonambi Fossil Centre, Naracoorte Caves National Park, South Australia.
	www.bbc.co.uk /nature/wildfacts/factfiles/3046.shtml (288 words)

	Komodo Dragon - Goanna (Monitor) Lizard Resource Page - Varanidae Family of Lizards
		There are around 50 species of Varanid Lizards, colloquially known as Monitor Lizards, and over half of all species occur in Australia and are referred to as Goannas, a corruption of the word 'iguana' by early European settlers (Vincent and Wilson, 1999).
		Rarely found far from water, this lizard can stay submerged for extended periods, most food is taken from the water and observers describe the lizard's behaviour as 'crocodilian'.
		The lizard lives in high-density colonies in central and western Australia and burrows in sandy and stony areas often associated with Spinifex grass.
	www.komododragon.biz /VaranidaeFamilyOfLizards (676 words)

	Things to consider before purchasing a tree monitor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It is the stance of this website, that this group of monitor lizards should be left for experienced and dedicated varanid hobbyists to keep; those who are focused and aimed towards reproducing these animals in captivity, in an attempt to reduce the demand for wild caught monitors.
		While there is no fine line distinguishing between who should, and who should not attempt keeping these varanids, there are several "prerequisites" that treemonitors.com feels are important for keepers to have experienced, which may help increase one's chances of success with this group of monitors in captivity.
		Tree monitors can be an extremely difficult group of lizards to properly acclimate and care for in captivity, and it is important to understand what is required for their long term success.
	www.treemonitors.com /beforepurchasing.htm (1079 words)

	Monitors: The Biology of Varanid Lizards by Krieger Publishing Company
		My main complaint is that the book seems to use V. rosenbergi as it's archetypal varanid; there are some 9 sub genera and several dozen species, and I wish that more attention had been payed to the some of the other varanids.
		However, this is still one of the few good monitor books that's actually in print, and is worth your read weather you're an academic herpetologist or a keeper (or for that matter if you are thinking about keeping a monitor).
		Two new additions are a chapter on parasites of varanids and a section on foraging strategy.
	www.newyorkwebhosting.us /stuff-1575241129.html (395 words)

	Varanus Reference List
		I have progressively collected literature on Varanids over a number of years and thought the information might be of use to others.
		Erdelen, W. Conservation and population ecology of monitor lizards: the water monitor Varanus salvator Laurenti in south Sumatra.
		Lee, M. The phylogeny of varanoid lizards and the affinities of snakes.
	uts.cc.utexas.edu /~varanus/varanusrefs.html (5397 words)

	Monitors: The Biology of Varanid Lizards American Zoologist - Find Articles
		Both authors are widely recognized as leaders in the field of varanid research.
		Dennis King began his interest in monitor lizards with his Ph.D. thesis on V rosenbergi populations of South Australia over 30 years ago, and has made excellent contributions in both the ecology and phylogenetics of monitors.
		Together these authors rely on their intimate knowledge of these lizards to provide an insightful reference for the general biology of varanids.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3746/is_200002/ai_n8888202 (351 words)

	Tiniest Giants - Predators
		Living teiid lizards are known to prey on crocodile (caiman) eggs.
		Large varanids, such as the African Monitor, show little fear of adult crocodiles.
		It is possible that varanid lizards could have preyed on dinosaur eggs; specimens have been found close to Troodon eggs in Montana.
	www.nhm.org /tiniestgiants/sub_research/research06b.html (98 words)

	Eric R. Pianka's Publications
		A morphological analysis of the structure of communities of lizards in desert habitats.
		Ecology of Lizards in the Kalahari Desert, Africa.
		Systematics of the lizard family Pygopodidae with implications for the diversification of Australian temperate biotas.
	uts.cc.utexas.edu /~varanus/pubs.html (1935 words)

	Monitors: The Biology of Varanid Lizards
		There are many excellent anatomical drawings, even to the microscopic level of various structures such as some of the hemipenes, the upper respiratory system, and the salt glands.
		The chapters on feeding, thermal biology, respiration, water use, and energy use are all excellent review of general reptile physiology (with the various Varanid exceptions pointed out) but are also explained in an easy to understand way so lacking in many texts.
		This book is highly recommended for the veterinarian, herpetoculturist, or anyone with any level of interest in these fascinating lizards or reptiles in general.
	www.arav.org /Journals/JA019606.htm (349 words)

	Elevated intra-abdominal pressure limits venous return during exercise in Varanus exanthematicus -- Munns et al. 207 ...
		lizard was left on the stationary treadmill belt for at least
		to the graded respiratory response to exercise in varanid lizards,
		Oxygen transfer during aerobic exercise in a varanid lizard Varnus mertensi is limited by the circulation.
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/207/23/4111 (4919 words)

	BOOK REVIEWS -- Pepin 40 (1): 156 -- American Zoologist
		widely recognized as leaders in the field of varanid research.
		Dennis King began his interest in monitor lizards with his Ph.D. thesis on V.
		an insightful reference for the general biology of varanids.
	icb.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/40/1/156 (614 words)

	Varanidae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		All living varanids share a small head, long neck, sturdy body and limbs, and long, powerful tail.
		Their courtship is often preceded by rirualized male combat, that is, an upright grappling/dancing posture.
		All varanids are carnivores, although the Philippine butaans (V.
	www.embl-heidelberg.de /~uetz/families/Varanidae.html (299 words)

	Articles About Lizards (excluding Iguanas)
		Gastritis Associated with Encysted Abbreviata Parasites in a Black-Throated Monitor Lizard, Varanus exanthematicus ionidesi
		The Use of Hormone Antagonists to Inhibit Reproduction in the Lizard, Eublepharus macularius
		Rogner M. Gender Determination in Mature Gila Monsters, Heloderma suspectum, and Mexican Beaded Lizards, Heloderma horridum, by Ultrasound Imaging of the Ventral Tail
	www.arav.org /Journals/Lizards.htm (354 words)

	monitor lizards by Daniel Bennett
		What we do to help monitor lizards and the people they live with- click here for details.
		First published in 1995 by Viper Press (the publishing arm of Mampam Conservation), Daniel Bennett's "Little Book of Monitor Lizards" survived subsequent editions in German and an edited English addition to appear online in 1999, once more under the complete control of the author.
		Still the most comprehensive and accurate guide to monitor lizards ever published, the "Little Book of Monitor Lizards" is now used as a source of funding for projects worldwide concerned with monitor lizard conservation, research and education.
	mampam.50megs.com /monitors (217 words)

	B&L: School of Marketing, Tourism and Leisure Staff Profile - Dr Graham Thompson
		1996 Thompson G. A lizard and snake census on Atley Station.
		1996 Thompson, G. and Withers, P. Intra- and inter-specific allometry of standard and maximal metabolic rate for Western Australian varanids with comments on the issues associated with the measurement on varanid metabolic rate.
		1992 Field metabolism of three species of monitor lizards (varanids) $10 285, with S. Bradshaw and P. Withers, Edith Cowan University, Internal.
	www.business.ecu.edu.au /schools/mtl/staff/gthompson.htm (2282 words)

	Goannas: the Biology of Varanid Lizards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The goanna's ubiquity and sometimes brazen behaviour has made them a familiar favourite with generations of Australian bushwalkers, campers, and picnickers.
		This updated editon brings together the fascintating natural history of these ancient animals and other members of the family Varanidae, which includes the world's largest lizard, the Komodo dragon.
		Dennis R. King was one of the world's experts on monitor lizards.
	www.unswpress.com.au /isbn/086840456X.htm (110 words)

	Predation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Some exceptions are small marsupials of the Upper Cretaceous, animals specialised for crushing and feeding on the eggs.
		It is possible that varanid lizards could have preyed on dinosaur eggs; specimens have been found close to Troodon eggs in Montana (Horner 1987).
		Most dinosaurs at least partially buried their eggs, which would prevent pterosaurs simply flying by and stealing the eggs.
	palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk /Palaeofiles/Eggs/Predation (304 words)

	Archaeopteryx - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Gingerich (1973) heavily emphasized the presence of intraramal joints in the odontognath birds and argued that it represented a synapomorphic character directly inherited from the theropod ancestors of birds.
		Feduccia (1996) argued that the intraramal joints in the odontognaths bore a greater resemblance to those seen in mosasaurs and varanid lizards than those in theropods, and thus questioned the utility of interpreting this character as a synapomorphy of theropods and birds.
		Elzanowski (1999) convincingly demonstrated that the two forms of intrarmal joint present in birds are structurally more similar to each other than either is to those of theropods, arguing thusly for their independent origin.
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php/Archaeopteryx (8612 words)

	Venous Return and Cardiac Filling in Varanid Lizards -- JOHANSEN and BURGGREN 113 (1): 389 -- Journal of Experimental ...
		Venous Return and Cardiac Filling in Varanid Lizards -- JOHANSEN and BURGGREN 113 (1): 389 -- Journal of Experimental Biology
		cycle length is much shorter (46%) in varanids than in mammals
		Circulatory impairment induced by exercise in the lizard Iguana iguana
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/113/1/389 (230 words)

	monitor lizards information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Daniel Bennett's Monitor Lizards Eric Pianka's Pygmy and Desert Monitors Ardi Martin's Nile Monitor Care Kingsnake.com's Australian Herp Links Kingsnake.com's...
		varanid, varanus, Miocene, Africa, reptile Read about the fossil history of varanid (monitor) lizards and meet a new one from the Miocene of Kenya.
		News The Newsletter of the Colorado Herpetological Society Volume 28, Number 5; Â May, 2001 Monitor Lizards in Captivity Reprinted from the Pacific Northwest Herpetological Society Newsletter, Vol.16, No...
	www.ihuizhou.net /articles/monitor-lizards.html (129 words)

	STACKherpetology
		In an easy-to-read style, Monitors covers the fascinating natural history of these ancient animals, which includes the world's largest lizard, the Komodo dragon.
		"The nice thing about a book like this is that someone else has gone to the immense trouble of sifting through the masses of varanid literature to produce an easy-to-read, concise work loaded with facts." -- Rom Whitaker, HAMADRYAD, Vol.
		"Clearly there is still much to be learned about these fascinating animals; but for an authoritative, readable summary of the current state of knowledge, Monitors: The Biology of Varanid Lizards is definitely to be recommended." -- Nicholas Gould, International Zoo News, Vol.
	www.krieger-publishing.com /html/stackherpetology_26.html (466 words)

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