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Topic: Variable cost

	Cost accounting - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cost accounting is the process of tracking, recording and analyzing costs associated with the activity of an organization, where cost is defined as 'required time or resources'.
		Costs are measured in units of currency by convention.
		Standard costing took the idea further, by dividing the fixed costs by the number of items produced, and treating the result as if it were a variable cost.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cost_accounting (1105 words)

	Economics Interactive Tutorial: Cost Concepts
		The variable cost is that portion of total cost that varies when the rate of output varies.
		Usually, unless stated otherwise, the marginal cost is the change in cost that results from changing the output by one unit.
		Marginal cost on this graph is the difference in cost between the given output rate and the next lower one.
	hadm.sph.sc.edu /COURSES/ECON/Cost/Cost.html (1331 words)

	Cost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The term "Total cost" is used to refer to the whole table, representing the relationship between output flow and cost flow.
		Fixed cost is a function of Q (quantity per unit of time) in the trivial sense that it's a constant function.
		The variable cost is a function of Q. In the "long run," all costs are variable.
	hadm.sph.sc.edu /Courses/Econ/Classes/Cost/intro/cost.html (2232 words)

	Defense Procurement and Acquisition Policy - Contract Pricing Reference Guide
		Variable cost per unit remains constant no matter how many units are made in the relevant range of production.
		If you know that fixed costs are $500, variable cost per unit is $10, and the volume produced is 1,000 units, you can calculate the total cost of production.
		Cost is considered the dependent variable and will be graphed on the vertical axis.
	www.acq.osd.mil /dpap/contractpricing/vol2chap2.htm (2494 words)

	CHAPTER 7
		In addition, since average fixed cost continues to fall as more output is produced, average total cost will continue to fall even after average variable cost has reached its minimum because the drop in average fixed cost exceeds the increase in the average variable cost.
		The short-run cost function of a company is given by the equation C=190+53Q, where C is the total cost and Q is the total quantity of output, both measured in tens of thousands.
		With constant average variable cost, marginal cost is equal to average variable cost, $53 (or $530,000).
	www.coloradocollege.edu /DEPT/EC/Smith/EC2070102/chap_07answers.htm (4033 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		For a cost to be determined variable, it must be in respect to something, called its “Activity Base.” Activity Base is a measure of whatever causes the incurrence of variable costs.
		Step-Variable — cost that is obtainable only in large chunks (such as labor cost of maintenance workers) and that increases or decreases only in response to fairly wide changes in the activity level.
		Utilities costs are very high in the department due to a CAT scanner that draws a large amount of power and is kept running at all times.
	www-unix.oit.umass.edu /~kevink/old_website/Chapter5.doc (1125 words)

	Cost Flow:Fixed/Variable Cost
		Variable staff as the number of FTEs required to cover high volume which cannot be covered by core staff working at peak efficiency (e.g., overtime, per diem labor, etc., always variable).
		Cost Componentization: As CCA is designed to accommodate a maximum of fifteen "components" of cost at the department and procedure level, detailed G/L subaccounts aggregated into logically summarized groups.
		It is these components of cost which are allocated from overhead to revenue centers during the management stepdown, and ultimately from revenue center to procedures in CCA.
	www.e-tba.com /cost-flow.htm (541 words)

	Absorption Costing vs Variable Costing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Net income under variable costing is not influenced by the fluctuations in sales (given a constant production) because none of the fixed manufacturing costs are deferred.
		Net income under absorption costing is influenced by the fluctuations in sales (given a constant production) because a portion of the fixed manufacturing costs are deferred and may be used each year to increase costs.
		Advocates of variable costing argue that in order for a fixed manufacturing cost to be an asset, it has to meet a "future cost avoidance" criteria much the same way as prepaid insurance.
	www-biz.aum.edu /janheier/ABSORB2020.htm (595 words)

	[No title]
		Unit variable costs remain the same with changes in the level of activity.
		The total variable cost (variable cost per unit times total units produced) at either the high-est or lowest level of production is determined, and this amount is subtracted from the total cost at that level to determine the total fixed cost.
		Activity 10—3 The direct labor costs are not variable to the increase in unit volume.
	www.ccsu.edu /business/faculty/mcnulty/Industrial-Solutions-Chpt10.doc (2640 words)

	Exercises Ch 19
		The variable costs of the 16 smelters should be specified to match the cost curve shown in Figure 19.2.
		Set the variable costs at each smelter to correspond to the shape of the industry cost curve in Figure 19.2, and don't forget to cut the size of the standard smelter in half.
		Recall that the model in chapter 19 sets the cost of alumina at 15 cents per pound of aluminum that will be extracted from the alumina.
	www.wsu.edu /~forda/ch19exex.html (1546 words)

	ipedia.com: Economics Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The central idea promoted by Smith was that the competition between various suppliers and buyers would produce the best possible distribution of goods and services, because it would encourage individuals to specialize and improve their capital, so as to produce more value with the same labor.
		The marginal cost of a commodity is the cost to produce the last unit of it, the marginal utility is the happiness gained from buying the last unit.
		The marginal cost is the variable cost of the last unit, plus the percentage of fixed costs.
	www.ipedia.com /economics_1.html (4843 words)

	www.lacollae.com - Information about Finances and Accounting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Accounting is the process of tracking, recording and analyzing costs associated with the activity of an organization, where cost is defined This method tended original fixed/variable cost.
		Cost accounting for an airline Essay paper on airline industry cost accounting paper, or college essay on airline industry cost accounting paper.
		Cost accounting principles The successful application of cost accounting principles requires development of mutual understanding are generally applying these cost accounting principles on a consistent basis.
	www.lacollae.com /content/chapter62.html (15467 words)

	Variable Cost
		A cost that changes in proportion to a change in a company's activity or business.
		A good example of variable cost is the fuel for an airline.
		This cost changes with the number of flights and how long the trips are.
	www.investopedia.com /terms/v/variablecost.asp (144 words)

	Semi-Variable Cost
		Costs are fixed for a set level of production or consumption, becoming variable after the level is exceeded.
		This type of cost is variable in the sense that greater levels of production increase total cost.
		The variable portion is the overtime pay they receive when they exceed their regular hours.
	www.investopedia.com /terms/s/semivariablecost.asp (214 words)

	Railroads and Variable Cost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		"Overhead costs" are pretty much the same thing as "fixed costs" in economics, and "direct costs" are the equivalent of variable costs.
		Thus, the times write-up is saying that in the past, Amtrak had closed down trains if the didn't pay back their variable costs plus some minimum share of the fixed costs.
		As long as it can cover the variable costs, it is more profitable to run the train, even when it contributes proportionately less toward overheads than other trains do.
	william-king.www.drexel.edu /top/prin/txt/Cost/trains.html (372 words)

	Re: Fixed cost vs Variable cost (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		-To be relevant to a particular decision, a cost must meet two criteria: (a) it must be an expected "future" cost; and (b) it must be an element of "difference" between alternatives.
		-Past costs are irrelevant, however, they are useful because they provide empirical evidence that often helps sharpen predictions of future relevant costs.
		-The most useful generalization is that fixed costs should be considered when they are expected to be altered, either immediately or in the future, by the decision at hand.
	www.doctorhomework.com /er/erforum/00000270.htm (223 words)

	The Construction Contractor's Digest: Contracting is a Variable Cost Business
		To pay their fixed cost every month, they must have a certain volume.
		Under 50% fixed costs - we consider this a variable cost business typically a service business.
		This means that the most of the cost of the product or service is caused by the sale.
	www.contractorsblog.com /archives/2005/09/variable_cost_v.html (459 words)

	variable cost Definition
		A cost of labor, material or overhead that changes according to the change in the volume of production units.
		Combined with fixed costs, variable costs make up the total cost of production.
		While the total variable cost changes with increased production, the total fixed costs stays the same.
	www.investorwords.com /5221/Variable_costs.html (71 words)

	variable cost - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Variable cost : Bloomberg Financial Glossary [home, info]
		Variable cost : Deardorff's Glossary of International Economics [home, info]
		Phrases that include variable cost: average variable cost, semi variable cost
	www.onelook.com /?w=variable+cost (125 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Then the $50,000 fixed cost is added to the profit to find the contribution margin.
		Finally, the per unit amounts are calculated by dividing the corresponding year 2 amounts by the 600 units.) The total fixed cost and unit variable cost are assumed to be unaffected by the price increase.
		Then the $40,000 fixed cost is added to the profit to find the contribution margin.
	cba.fiu.edu /acg/forgione/m-6.doc (1140 words)

	Marketing - pricing - variable or marginal cost pricing
		With variable (or marginal cost) pricing, a price is set in relation to the variable costs of production (i.e.
		The objective is to achieve a desired “contribution” towards fixed costs and profit.
		Prices are set using variable costing by determining a target contribution per unit.
	www.tutor2u.net /business/marketing/pricing_variablecost.asp (366 words)

	Fixed or variable cost buying? (Loud Thinking)
		This is unlike variable cost businesses, such as consumer computers, where the margins are low and the cost of assembly and materials approach the cost of the product.
		When you run a variable cost business, you can't afford to be lavish with customer service or repairs.
		At least that's the belief that's fueling my rage over having to shell out $100 to have the strap on my "511" (the title of the watch design) replaced.
	www.loudthinking.com /arc/000025.html (169 words)

	Absorption Costing vs Variable Costing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The value of inventory will be greater under the absorption method because of the deferred costs.
		Other rules still apply and adjustment for other standard variances may also be necessary.
		Note: There is never a VOLUME VARIANCE in VARIABLE COSTING because no FIXED COSTS are ALLOCATED.
	www-biz.aum.edu /jheier/ABSORB2000.htm (895 words)

	CRCS Revenue To Variable Cost Report
		The detail report recaps the user's input data and shows a variety of calculated fields.
		Cost calculations are shown for each railroad making up the haul as well as the total of all the railroads.
		For each rail segment and the total line haul some of they calculated results are:
	www.commonwealthlogistics.com /CRCS/reports.html (108 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Total Cost Curves¨pWhat does an average fixed cost curve look like? AFC(y) is a rectangular hyperbola so its graph looks like...óEóF¨/Av.
		Total Cost Curves In a short-run with a fixed amount of at least one input, the Law of Diminishing (Marginal) Returns must apply, causing the firm s average variable cost of production to increase eventually.óGóH óN¨Marginal Cost Function¨fMarginal cost is the rate-of-change of variable production cost as the output level changes.
		That is,óO¨Marginal Cost Function ZThe firm s total cost function isand the fixed cost F does not change with the output level y, so MC is the slope of both the variable cost and the total cost functions.óP¨$Marginal and Variable Cost Functions¨VSince MC(y) is the derivative of cv(y), cv(y) must be the integral of MC(y).
	www.bsos.umd.edu /econ/giolito/econ306/slides/ch21.ppt (796 words)

	Variable Cost definition
		Costs which vary with the level of Production are known as Variable Costs.
		Franchisors are available in every industry / sector to work with entrepreneurs (the Franchisee) to help them develop successful business opportunities (franchises).
		Franchise Glossary - Define: Variable Cost - ©2004 HJ Ventures International, Inc.
	www.hjventures.com /franchise/Variable-Cost.html (226 words)

	Pershing: DBS - Variable Cost Approach (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		BS allows your firm to take advantage of the traditional benefits of using a clearing firm, thereby providing greater efficiency when utilizing your resources.
		Because you pay for services as you use them, the majority of your costs are variable rather than fixed.
		Having variable operation costs rather than fixed costs is especially critical as you expand your business.
	www.pershing.com /variable_cost_approach.htm (169 words)

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