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Topic: Variable frame rate

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	Learn about Panasonic's AJ-HDC27H - VariCam^® Variable Frame Rate 16:9 HD Cinema^TM Camera ...
		Additionally, the variable frame rates and related variable shutter speeds create some very interesting ghost like motion blur effects, warp speed zoom effects, and long exposure still shots typical of what one might see in music videos, sci-fi dramas and dream sequences.
		As soon as the frame rate becomes lower than 60, exposure time increases proportionally and redundant frames are recorded on tape.
		24-fps is a non-evenly-divisible frame rate and requires the classic 3:2 type pulldown frame sequence with one frame recorded three times and the next two times.
	catalog2.panasonic.com /webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ModelDetail?displayTab=O&storeId=11201&catalogId=13051&itemId=94208&catGroupId=14569&modelNo=AJ-HDC27H&surfModel=AJ-HDC27H (971 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Frame rate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-12)
		Frame rate is most often expressed in frames per second (often abbreviated "fps", but not to be confused with FPS or first-person shooter) or, equivalently, Hertz (Hz).
		The frame rate is related to but not identical to a physiological concept called the flicker fusion threshold or flicker fusion rate.
		The exact rate varies depending upon the person, their level of fatigue, the brightness of the light source, and the area of the retina that is being used to observe the light source.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Frame_rate (1199 words)

	Insurance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Insurance is defined as the equitable transfer of the risk of a potential loss, from one entity to another, in exchange for a premium and duty of care.
		Redlining is the practice of some insurance companies to deny the issuance of coverage in specific geographic areas, with the purported reason of an increased likelihood of risk; the validity of the assessment is often attributed to discrimination.
		However, the use of these essential factors, whether inappropriately or not, are often considered to be unfair or discriminatory by some consumers and their advocates, sometimes leading to political disputes about insurers' determination of premiums and possible government intervention to limit the factors used.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Insurance (6395 words)

	Learn about Panasonic's AJ-HDC27H - VariCam^® Variable Frame Rate 16:9 HD Cinema^TM Camera with ...
		Individual frame rates may be selected from: 4-fps to 60-fps in single frame increments.
		It is important to understand that only the camera section operates at variable frame rates.
		As you see, this technique generates redundant frames used to pad the data to maintain a constant 60-fps on tape including both new frames and redundant (repeated) frames.
	catalog2.panasonic.com /webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ModelDetail?displayTab=O&storeId=11201&catalogId=13051&itemId=94208&catGroupId=15768&modelNo=AJ-HDC27H&surfModel=AJ-HDC27H (971 words)

	DVXuser.com : Understanding the New Framerates on the HVX200
		Since the frame rates are so similar, for the rest of this article we’ll primarily stick to the 60Hz frame rates for illustrative examples.
		If you only shoot 12 frames in a second, but you play those frames back at the 24fps speed, it’ll only take ½ second to play back action that took a full second to record – accordingly, the motion will be twice as fast as normal.
		Frames are again duplicated, but in such a way as to conform the sequence so that it takes up 60 frames per second.
	www.dvxuser.com /articles/framerates (2649 words)

	USC-SIPI REPORT #332 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-07-12)
		Rate control regulates the coded bit stream to satisfy some given channel and buffer conditions and, in the same time, attempts to optimize the quality of coded video under these constraints.
		The variable frame rate method and the hybrid I-frame coding scheme are compatible with the bitstream structure of H.263+.
		A fast algorithm for the encoding frame rate control based on the inherent motion information within a sliding window in the underlying video is developed to efficiently pursue a good tradeoff between spatial and temporal quality.
	sipi.usc.edu /reports/abstracts/usc-sipi.332.html (557 words)

	Variable frame rate support - Doom9's Forum
		Frame duration is more precise, but I think that a precision of under 1ms is hardly usefull (though all containers support lower resolution), and timecodes are the natural information handled by those containers.
		Your fear of VFR either comes from the impossibility for most tools to handle it (say, avisynth or virtualdub), the fact you, as all of us, encode to a container limited to constant framerate, and the nightmare it can be to handle it (nonlinear seeking).
		Instead, if we use a duration variable, and then at the time the script is executed build a timecode index as part of the script environment for the encoder to look at, this would avoid multiple, redundant executions of the same timecode calculations.
	forum.doom9.org /showthread.php?s=&threadid=47203 (3986 words)

	DV - Reviews - Sony PDW-F350 XDCAM HD
		Records on optical discs in 1080 at 24p, 25p, 30p, 50i, or 60i and at variable frame rates from 4 fps to 60 fps.
		There are no variable frame rate features, although the F330 does record in 1080 HD or DVCAM at 23.976p, 25p, 50i, and 59.94i and otherwise has the same feature set as the F350.
		The initial frame frequency determines the relationship of the variable frame rate to the base frame rate.
	www.dv.com /reviews/reviews_item.php?articleId=196602592 (2018 words)

	VFR
		The Panasonic Varicam is such as a camera allowing a variety of frames rates between 1fps and 60fps to be recorded.
		The different frame rates are achieved by the selecting the desired frame rate and the camera flags the "true" frames within the 60 frame sequence.
		When all 59.95 frames are captured and played back at 23.976 (24) frames per second it creates a 2.5x slow motion of the material.
	www.24p.com /VFR.htm (996 words)

	Variable Frame Rate - KAAwiki
		Variable Frame Rate (VFR) refers to certain encodes in which frame rate changes during playback.
		To solve the issue, for every four frames in the original video, one is added.
		The solution to this is to use a timecode file and have a hybrid frame rate: 23.976 and 29.97 fps on the same video file.
	www.kickassanime.org /wiki/index.php?title=VFR (186 words)

	VOIP Technlogy \| Voice over Frame Relay, IP and ATM
		Frame Relay is commonly used in corporate data networks due to its flexible bandwidth, widespread accessibility, support of a diverse traffic mix and technological maturity.
		Frame Relay is appropriate for closed user groups and is also recommended for star topologies and when performance needs to be predictable.
		Since Frame Relay access is usually at data rates of 56/64 kbps, low bit-rate voice compression algorithms such as ITU G.723.1 and G.729A permit the greatest number of simultaneous multiple calls while maintaining high quality voice.
	www.protocols.com /papers/voe.htm (3485 words)

	Variable Frame Rate MP4 - SDA Knowledge Base
		You can probably guess that a constant frame rate is where the frame rate of a video stays the same throughout its whole length.
		VFR is useful when the game you've recorded has multiple in-game framerates.
		Creating the actual VFR MP4 isn't so hard, the tedious part is setting up the AviSynth script and frame ranges.
	speeddemosarchive.com /kb/index.php/Variable_Frame_Rate_MP4 (686 words)

	CAMERA REVIEW - WHAT'S NEW AT IBC - WWW.URBANFOX.TV
		Panasonic's variable frame rate HD camcorder, the AJ-HDC27, which was launched at NAB 2001 and figured prominently in the Creative And Technology awards at IBC 2001, is a world first.
		It can shoot at frame rates from four to 60 frames per second (centred around 24fps), which Panasonic claims looks just like film when it is under or over cranked.
		Panasonic has been talking to several NLE manufacturers about incorporating variable frame rate conversion within their NLEs, which is something several of its customers have asked for.
	www.urbanfox.tv /articles/cameras/c11ibc2001cameras.htm (2344 words)

	Chapter 4: Video Production
		The standard frame rate for full-motion video is 24 to 30 frames per second (fps).
		RealVideo's variable frame rate means that one scene may be encoded at 7 fps, whereas another one is encoded at 15 fps.
		To strip out redundant frames, use the inverse-telecine filter when encoding NTSC video that was transferred from film and has a frame rate of 25 to 30 fps.
	service.real.com /help/library/guides/realone/ProductionGuide/HTML/htmfiles/video.htm (4219 words)

	Variable Frame Rate Video - Avisynth
		The second one is to encode it at 120 fps using avi and dropped frames (where duplicate frames are dropped upon playback).
		For the nonfilm portions, we want to reduce their frame rate by blend decimating each cycle of frames from 5 frames to 4 frames.
		Depending on the duration of a frame, frames will be added or dropped to keep sync, and it's almost guaranteed to stutter.
	avisynth.org /VariableFrameRateVideo (2628 words)

	Videography - Departments - [ Production ]
		When the frame rate selector is set to "i," the camera shoots 60 frames interlaced.
		Canon 30F and 24F frame rates (30 and 24 full frames per second) provide similar motion quality to 30p and 24p footage produced by progressive scan CCDs, but because Canon's CCD block is interlace, not progressive, these frame rates can't be referred to as 30p/24p.
		Other features of the Silicon Imaging camera include variable frame rates from 12fps to 72fps, a 7-inch LCD touch-screen interface, a removable camera head and up to four hours of battery-powered shooting on the camera's 160GB notebook hard drive, which can be hot-swapped for continuous recording.
	www.videography.com /articles/article_14334.shtml (2887 words)

	Learn about Panasonic's AJ-HDC27F - VariCam^® Variable Frame Rate 16:9 HD Cinema^TM Camera with ...
		The AJ-HDC27 VariCam progressive scan high definition camcorder brings variable frame rate acquisition to the DVCPRO HD product line up.
		Cinematographers are able through the Cine Gamma feature to control the camera's gamma transfer function to best optimize control over tonality, from extreme highlights to the lowest of shadow areas.
		If a linear 24-fps post production process is required, material can be converted to D-5 HD 1080p 24-fps by the Panasonic UFC-1800 or other 3rd party products currently under development.
	catalog2.panasonic.com /webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/ModelDetail?displayTab=O&storeId=11201&catalogId=13051&itemId=68646&catGroupId=14569&modelNo=AJ-HDC27F&surfModel=AJ-HDC27F (982 words)

	Rent the Panasonic AG-HVX200 DVCPROHD Camcorder \| Pro HD video camera rentals \| Varicam \| HDX900
		In most recording modes, duplicate frames are added in a 2:3 or a 2:3:3:2 pull-down cadence and the progressive frames are divided into two fields in order to conform to existing interlace 29.97 formats.
		In the 720p "Native Capture" mode only flagged frames are captured with 23.98 time code; these files are directly compatible with a 720p 24-frame timeline, and require only 40% of the storage capacity of 720p 60 fps or 1080i HD recording.
		You can also record variable frame rate footage in 720p mode and internally dub this footage to DV, offering a unique function and effect to your DV productions.
	www.studiobfilms.com /rentals/cameras-panasonicHVX200.html (2024 words)

	Camera Support / Advanced Camera Solutions
		Variable Frame Rate: The Panasonic Varicam is the world's first video camera able to simulate the "undercranking" and "overcranking" technique of film cameras to slow down or speed up images.
		By varying the frame rate from 4 to 60 fps and adjusting the shutter speed from 0.8% to 97.2% of the frame rate, you can create a wide range of cinematic effects.
		Variable Shutter from 1/2000 Sec to 360-Degrees (no shutter).
	www.camerasupport.com /rentals/geninfo/genhd.htm (447 words)

	Joe’s Filters : Joe's Frame Rate Adjuster
		Joe’s Frame Rate Adjuster changes the apparent frame rate of a clip without modifying the timeline settings.
		Duration is calculated to the field playback rate for smoother motion.
		Because this plugin is made to work with interlaced video, the best way to preview the effect is to download the demo and see them on an external video monitor.
	www.joesfilters.com /joes_frame_rate_adjuster (603 words)

	AG-HVX200 DVCPRO HD Camcorder - Safe Harbor 800-544-6599
		Interval rec: Recording one frame at a time at set intervals (from 2 frames to 10 min), this mode is useful for monitoring and special ultra-undercranking effects.
		Variable Frame Rate from 12 to 60 fps
		In 720p mode, the frame* rate can be set from the conventional 24p/30p to any of 11 steps between 12p and 60p.
	www.sharbor.com /products/PANN5000001.html (6694 words)

	Long Distance Frame Relay Service from BellSouth
		This means that we can better tailor a frame relay solution to your specific pricing, application, and data connectivity needs.
		Also, regardless of how your frame relay network is designed, the entire solution is presented on a single contract, with a single service contact, and provided on a single bill.
		BellSouth international Frame Relay service connects you to a Frame Relay network that reaches access points in over 48 countries.
	www.bellsouthlargebusiness.com /products_detail.aspx?sct_id=4&ctg_id=47&item_id=122 (536 words)

	Press Release
		The variable frame rate feature was developed by Panasonic to allow the digital Varicam (AJ-HDC27) to record both slow and fast motion frame sequences.
		According to the desired motion effect the frame rate can be set from 4 to 60 frames per second.
		Recording is done, for example, in high definition at 60 frames per second, even if a feature film project requires 24 frames, or a TV program 25 frames per second.
	www.dvs.de /english/press/20030825.html (258 words)

	PANASONIC AG-HVX200: EVS - Express Video Supply, Inc
		This codec, thanks to a low compression ratio at a video bit rate of 100 Mbps (1080/59.94i, 720/59.94p) and the easy-to-edit intraframe compression system, is suitable for recording fast-moving subjects with no motion artifacts other than motion blur.
		One-shot rec: Convenient for producing animation, this mode records for a set time (from 1 frame to 1 second) each time you press the Start button.•Interval rec: Recording one frame at a time at set intervals (from 2 frames to 10 min), this modeis useful for monitoring and special ultra-undercranking effects.
		Used with the variable frame rate functions, this allows you to create a blurring effect or crystal clear stop motion sports action.
	www.evsonline.com /merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&Product_Code=AGHVX200 (3878 words)

	Rate Camera & Premium Resources
		The frequency with which camera frames are exposed, expressed as cycles per...Find thousands of free online definitions and reference guides at TheFreeDictionary.com.
		World's highest resolution video frame rate camera announced by Imaging Solutions Group Developed for the US Navy...
		This camera is the world's highest resolution video frame rate camera utilizing the Silicon Video Inc...
	www.best-rate-cellular.com /rate_camera.htm (646 words)

	Variable Frame Rate - CCCP
		Variable Frame Rate is when a video doesn't play at one constant framerate.
		There are of course exceptions, such as pans that often run at 29.970FPS.
		Also can create AVI's with null frames and convert timecode formats.
	www.cccp-project.net /wiki/index.php?title=VFR (126 words)

	conversation
		This is key, as it's one thing to shoot off-speed, but it's been time-consuming and costly getting the footage frame rate converted at a facility.
		The rest of my package has the various cinema accessories that are necessary like follow focus, Arri matte boxes, Microforce zoom control, and the many filters that I already owned from my film work, various tripods for different circumstances, from lightweight documentary style to studio.
		HD is not a magic tool and doesn't solve everything, but you need to know how it responds to the various situations and be able to communicate those issues up front so that there are no surprises.
	www.williamsdp.com /conversation.html (2864 words)

	DVXuser.com : AG-HVX200 unleashed!
		The “Vari” in VariCam comes from the fact that the VariCam can record at almost any frame rate from 4 to 60 fps, and the HVX is similar in that it provides a wide variety of frame rates to choose from.
		Add to that full underscan (for viewing the entire frame edge to edge) and a Focus Assist function (for easy, precise, pixel-accurate focus even without an external high-def monitor, which is available during standby AND recording), and peaking and zebras available simultaneously, and you’ve got one incredible camera experience.
		But if the fixed lens and form factor of the Panasonic are enough for you, you’ll get twice the color resolution, “reality”-looking video at 60p, variable frame rates, plus the ability to record 1080i and 1080p, and no MPEG artifacts, all for about the same price.
	www.dvxuser.com /articles/HVX200 (3420 words)

	No Variable Frame Rate in DVCPRO HD ? - The Digital Video Information Network
		Indeed, the wide range of selectable frame rates in DVCPRO HD is one of this camera's primary features.
		The frame rates are "selectable" in that there are a large number of them from which to choose.
		They are not "variable" in the strict sense of the term in that you cannot ramp from one rate to another during the same shot...
	www.dvinfo.net /conf/showthread.php?t=80446 (848 words)

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