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Topic: Variant Chinese character

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Unihan.txt A semantic # variant is a y-variant with similar or identical meaning which # can generally be used in place of the indicated character. This indexing data in conjunction # with the print sources will be useful for evaluating the degree of # distinctive variation in the character forms appearing in this text, # and future proofing of this data may reveal additional Chinese glyphs # for IRG encoding. It seems that the compilers of source (2) # usually assigned virtual positions based on stroke count, though # occasionally the virtual position brings the virtual character # together with the actual HDZ character of which it is a variant, # without regard to actual stroke count. www.unicode.org /Public/UNIDATA/Unihan.txt

An Automatic Indexing and Neural Network Approach to Concept Retrieval and Classification of Multilingual (Chinese-English) Documents For concept classification and clustering, a variant of a Hopfield neural network was developed to cluster similar concept descriptors and to generate a small number of concept groups to represent (summarize) the subject matter of the database. A space character is used for separating each pinyin symbol in the phonetic symbol file and an algorithm is used to automatically divide and extract phrases appearing in the pinyin symbol file. As is made evident in Figure 11, some concept groups included 2-9 terms which were strongly related and both Chinese and English descriptors were captured and clustered. ai.bpa.arizona.edu /papers/chinese93/chinese93.html

Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature — for every morpheme a glyph is required, and variant characters have at times developed for the same morpheme. Use of Chinese characters has disappeared from the Vietnamese language, where they were used until the 20th century. Although now nearly extinct in Vietnamese, varying scripts of Chinese characters (hán tự) were once in widespread use to write the language, although hán tự became limited to ceremonial uses beginning in the 19th century. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_character   (5355 words)

Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature— for every morpheme a glyph is required, and variant characters have at times developed for the same morpheme. Because character simplifications were not officially sanctioned and generally a result of caoshu writing or idiosyncratic reductions, traditional, standard characters were mandatory in printed, and especially official, works, while the (unofficial) simplified characters would be used in everyday writing, or quick scribblings. And the character 雲 yún (cloud) was written with the structure 云 in the oracle bone script of the Shāng dynasty, and had remained in use later as a phonetic loan in the meaning of to say. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_character   (6045 words)

Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Chinese characters are still used to some extent, particularly in newspapers, weddings, place names and Chinese characters all take up the same amount of space. Chinese scholars classify Han characters in several groups. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hanzi   (6045 words)

Mayreau content of Wikipedia free encyclopedia The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature — for every morpheme there must be a symbol, and sometimes there are variant characters have developed for the same morpheme. Chinese characters or Han characters (汉字/漢字) are logograms used in the written forms of the Chinese language, and to varying degrees in the Japanese and Korean languages (though the latter only in South Korea). Chinese characters are called hànzì in Mandarin Chinese, kanji in Japanese, hanja or hanmun in Korean, and hán tÆ° (also used in the chu nom script) in Vietnamese. mayreau.paellaman.com /mayreau_browse.php?title=Chinese_character   (6045 words)

Taoist (Daoist) Chinese Characters The earliest discovered Chinese characters were found written on pre-Qin dynasty tortoise shells and animal bones (Jia Gu Wen) and this led to writing on old bronze wares (Jin Wen). Since Lao Zi was in the Zhou dynasty (which is pre-Qin dynasty: See Chinese History), the Chinese style that the Dao De Jing was written in was a variant of the Zhuan Shu. The China government in the 1950's simplified the Chinese characters into a version called Simplified Chinese, and the original one then became know as Traditional Chinese (used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and elsewhere). www.edepot.com /taocalig.html   (6045 words)

Chinese fonts Of course the collected is the most complete in China, it include Chinese-traditional, Chinese-simplified, Chinese-dialectal, characters in popular form, slangy characters, variant form of characters, characters collected Taoist scriptures and the Chinese characters that popular in Japan, Singapore and Korea. Adds 3,049 characters to Big5's ~13,000, of which a good number are characters for words used in Cantonese, or characters used in person/place names in Hong Kong. Another major advantage lies in the technologys simplicity: less than half the number of points are needed to render characters much less than building characters using traditional outlines where points are located on the edges of shapes rather than at the centerlines. cgm.cs.mcgill.ca /~luc/china.html   (6045 words)

Unicode Han Database A rough frequency measurement for the character based on analysis of traditional Chinese USENET postings; characters with a kFrequency of 1 are the most common, those with a kFrequency of 2 are less common, and so on, through a kFrequency of 5. It seems that the compilers of source (2) usually assigned virtual positions based on stroke count, though occasionally the virtual position brings the virtual character together with the actual HDZ character of which it is a variant, without regard to actual stroke count. Definitions are for modern written Chinese and are usually (but not always) the same as the definition in other Chinese dialects or non-Chinese languages. www.unicode.org /Public/UNIDATA/Unihan.html   (6015 words)

Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature — for every morpheme there must be a symbol, and sometimes there are variant characters have developed for the same morpheme. One reason for the overwhelming number of characters is due to the existence of rarely-occurring variant and obscure characters (many of which are unused, even in Classical Chinese). This is possible because the phonetic system of Chinese allows for many words to have the same pronunciation (homonymy), and because the consideration of phonetic similarity used in a character generally ignores its tone and the manner of articulation of its initial consonant (but not the place of articulation). en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_character   (6015 words)

Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature — for every morpheme there must be a symbol, and sometimes there are variant characters have developed for the same morpheme. Chinese characters or Han characters (Traditional Chinese: 漢字; Simplified Chinese: 汉字; pinyin: Hànzì) are logograms used in the written forms of the Chinese language, and to varying degrees in the Japanese and Korean languages (though the latter only in South Korea). Use of Chinese characters has disappeared from the Vietnamese language — in which they were used until the 20th century — and from North Korea, where in normal writing they have been completely replaced by Hangul. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_character   (4032 words)

Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature — for every morpheme there must be a symbol, and sometimes there are variant characters have developed for the same morpheme. Chinese characters or Han characters (Traditional Chinese: 漢字; Simplified Chinese: 汉字; pinyin: Hànzì) are logograms used in the written forms of the Chinese language, and to varying degrees in the Japanese and Korean languages (though the latter only in South Korea). For example, the character for "East" (東; Chinese: dōng, Japanese: higashi and tō), which combines the "tree" radical (木) and the "sun" radical (日), is usually considered a radical-radical compound. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_character   (4032 words)

Chinese character - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature — for every morpheme there must be a symbol, and sometimes there are variant characters have developed for the same morpheme. Chinese characters or Han characters (Traditional Chinese: 漢字; Simplified Chinese: 汉字; pinyin: Hànzì) are logograms used in the written forms of the Chinese language, and to varying degrees in the Japanese and Korean languages (though the latter only in South Korea). For example, the character for "East" (東; Chinese: dōng, Japanese: higashi and tō), which combines the "tree" radical(木) and the "sun" radical(日), is usually considered a radical-radical compound. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_characters   (4032 words)

Encyclopedia: Chinese characters of Empress Wu Empress Wu, the only reigning female in the History of China, created several unique Chinese characters to demonstrate her power. A few of the surviving characters are preserved in the written histories of Wu Zetian, and a few have found themselves incorporated into modern-day computer representation (and classified) as either variant or dialectical-specific characters. For instance Empress Wu's own name zhào 照 was replaced with 瞾, but is erroneously thought to be 曌, and looking in the Kangxi Dictionary, one finds the description of the former having two 目 (eye) characters being the proper character rather than the word míng 明 meaning bright. www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Chinese-characters-of-Empress-Wu   (4032 words)

Japanese writing system. Apart from the sheer number of Chinese characters in use and the complexity of shape of many of them, another source of difficulty with the prewar writing system had been the fact that a given character often had a large number of words or morphemes (conventionally known as 'readings') associated with it. In Japan, examples of variant characters, including simplified forms, can be found in texts dating from about the 5th century AD onward. In China, simplified characters have been used in some texts in an informal way for several thousand years, though it was not until the 1950s that the Mainland China government moved towards adoption of such characters. www.spellingsociety.org /journals/j19/japanese.php   (2136 words)

Periodic table (Chinese) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Most elements have the same name in Simplified Chinese and Traditional Chinese but use a different variant of the same base character. Chinese is the only language that uses characters instead of the usual one or two letter abbreviations for elements. Below is a periodic table using Chinese characters as symbols for chemical elements. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Periodic_table_(Chinese)   (321 words)

Character 5 and Dong In fact, Chinese currency uses a different set of characters to prevent counterfeiting, which includes this variant of 5. In traditional Chinese writing (without the use of Arabic numerals), we have the simplified/common form and the complicated/secured form of characters denoting numbers (the latter form is used to avoid mistake or for security purposes - difficult to alter). All Chinese number characters have "formal" forms (used for checks and the like) so that one cannot easily change numbers to other numbers. hjem.get2net.dk /kibj/post/1999/9907-02.htm   (1059 words)

Culture of China - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the Yuan dynasty, painting by the Chinese painter Zhao Mengfu influenced modern Chinese landscape painting, while Yuan dynasty opera became a variant of Chinese opera which continues today as Cantonese opera. The fact this debate exists is not only for political and unity reasons, but also partly due to the fact that Chinese is a character-based analytical language, where although one who speaks Mandarin cannot understand someone that speaks Cantonese, they can understand by writing to each other. Chinese architecture, examples of which can be found over 2,000 years ago, has long been a landmark of Chinese culture. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_culture   (2270 words)

Fathom :: The Source for Online Learning At the time Xu Shen was writing, Chinese characters were written in a style that is still in use today, so his dictionary formed a bridge between the ancient past and the present. During the Qin and Han, the characters used in any emperor's personal name became taboo after his death and had to be replaced by variant forms, sometimes with just one stroke missing, sometimes a whole section of the character removed. Chinese Characters: Mysterious in Origin and Magical in Meaning www.fathom.com /feature/121782   (1779 words)

Unicode - Wikipedia In the case of Chinese characters, this sometimes leads to controversies over what is the underlying character and what is the variant glyph (see Han unification). Among the most controversial is Han unification, where one Chinese character was adopted into Japanese or Korean and there changed slightly, which Unicode is treating as one character in multiple font styles. There is much controversy among CJK specialists, particularly Japanese ones, about the desirability and technical merit of the "Han unification" process used to map multiple Chinese and Japanese character sets into a single set of unified glyphs. chr.wikipedia.org /wiki/Unicode   (1779 words)

BabelStone : Unicode Test Pages : Mongolian The variant forms could be treated as separate characters rather than as variant forms of the same character, and encoded separately within the Mongolian block. The Mongolian Birga is used in the same way as the corresponding Tibetan signs, and as in general punctuation is not restricted to a single script, I see no reason why the Mongolian script cannot use punctuation characters that are encoded in the Tibetan block. Unfortunately, although the Mongolian and Chinese delegations to WG2 promised to produce Mongolian, English and Chinese versions of this document (see http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/WG2/docs/n1980.doc), such a document was never produced, or at least never made public. www.babelstone.co.uk /Test/Mongolian.html   (1779 words)

CORPCHAR.TXT 0xF880 # height-metric character for double-byte fonts # Chinese Simp&Trad-0x81 0xF881 # width-metric character for double-byte fonts # Chinese Simp&Trad-0x82 # The following (2) are for the TrueType variant of Mac OS Farsi. The deprecated characters will still # be loosely mapped to the appropriate Mac OS Symbol character. # NOTE: 0xF883 is deprecated, but is still loosely mapped to 0xA4 in the # Mac OS Farsi TrueType variant. www.unicode.org /Public/MAPPINGS/VENDORS/APPLE/CORPCHAR.TXT   (1779 words)

China Bibliography for K-12 Variant Title: Cheng and Tsui Chinese character dictionary : a guide to the 2000 most frequently-used characters Cheng and Tsui Chinese character dictionary : a guide to the 2000 most frequently-used characters / Publisher: Hong Kong : Chinese University Press, c1993. lark.cc.ukans.edu /~eastasia/ck-12bib_ku.html   (1779 words)

Chinese characters of Empress Wu - Chinese Character - Chinese A few of the surviving characters are preserved in the written histories of Wu Zetian, and a few have found themselves incorporated into modern-day computer representation (and classified) as either variant or dialectical-specific characters. Empress Wu Zetian of ChinaEmpress Wu, the only reigning female in the History of China, created several unique Chinese characters to demonstrate her power. For instance Empress Wu's own name zh?o 照 was replaced with 瞾, but is erroneously thought to be 曌, and looking in the Kangxi Dictionary, one finds the description of the former having two 目 (eye) characters being the proper character rather than the word m?ng 明 meaning bright. www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Chinese_characters_of_Empress_Wu   (304 words)

Japanese Writing Systems ON readings are derived from Chinese pronounciations taken from the time the character was borrowed (often more than a thousand years ago) and are now a part of the Japanese language. KUN readings come from Japanese roots, or Japanese adaptations from non-Chinese languages--and not from the Chinese pronounciation. My daughter, Karen, who is in Japan, tells me that she has been told that these variant name readings may be linked to numerological features of kanji (involving stroke numbers) which may be chosen for names (more on this when I know more--or think I do!). www.duluth.umn.edu /~jbelote/japanwritingpart3.html   (304 words)

New Page 16 Most Chinese systems support this simplified Cangjie input mode. The precise way to do that depend on what Chinese system you are using. You just need to be sure of the first and last sign of the character. www.cjmember.com /easy_cang_jie.htm   (130 words)

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