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Topic: Vascular smooth muscle

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	Smooth muscle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Smooth muscle is a type of non-striated muscle, found within the "walls" of hollow organs and elsewhere like the bladderand abdominal cavity, the uterus, male and female reproductive tracts, the gastrointestinal tract, the respiratory tract, the vasculature, the skin and the ciliary muscle and iris of the eye.
		Smooth muscle functions in the reproductive tract, the digestive tract, the respiratory tract, the urinary tract, the skin,the eye, and the vasculature.
		Vascular smooth muscle (walls of arteries and veins) and visceral smooth muscle (wall of gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract, iris) is another distinction in common use to discriminate the kind of smooth muscle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Smooth_muscle (1925 words)

	smooth-muscle.html
		Smooth muscle *is the sort found in the intestines, blood vessels, base of the hairs, turkey gizzards, penises, bladders, uteri and other organs whose physiological functions we and our animals cousins generally cannot bring under the direct control of the will -- visceral or autonomic activities.
		AB: Regular arrangement of smooth muscle cells underneath an endothelial cell layer was observed in the neointima of a fabric vascular prosthesis treated with new technology to accelerate endothelialization, i.e., transplantation of autologous venous tissue fragments in the graft wall.
		A circumferential arrangement of smooth muscle cells with a thin layer of longitudinally arranged cells underneath was seen in the neointimae, which resemble the arrangement of smooth muscle cells in the natural arterial wall.
	www.indiana.edu /~pietsch/smooth-muscle.html (13036 words)

	Vascular smooth muscle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Vascular smooth muscle refers to the particular type of smooth muscle found within, and composing the majority of the wall of blood vessels.
		Vascular smooth muscle contracts or relaxes to both change the volume of blood vessels and the local blood pressure, a mechanism that is responsible to redistribution of the blood within the body to areas where it is needed (i.e.
		Vascular smooth muscle is innervated primarily by the sympathetic nervous system through adrenergic receptors (adrenoceptors).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vascular_smooth_muscle (417 words)

	SMOOTH MUSCLE
		Smooth muscle is responsible for the contractility of hollow organs, such as blood vessels, the gastrointestinal tract, the bladder, or the uterus.
		Muscles which were stretched 1.6 times their resting length did not develop tension, but contracted normally when the stretch was released and the muscles were allowed to return to their rest length.
		Upon contraction of smooth muscle, the exchange of the bound-nucleotide and phosphate decreased and upon relaxation from the contracted state it increased, suggesting that polymerization-deplolymerization of actin is a part of the contraction-relaxation cycle of smooth muscle.
	www.uic.edu /classes/phyb/phyb516/smoothmuscleu3.htm (5492 words)

	Aging of your Heart and Blood Vessels is Risky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In response to such signals the vascular muscle cells dismantle their contractile machinery, begin to produce their own substances, and march toward the site of vascular injury in the inner area of the intima where they reposition themselves just beneath the endothelial cell layer.
		The smooth muscle cells march from their normal residence in the vascular media and invade the basement membrane by secreting enzymes, which attack the protein in the membrane.
		Vascular smooth muscle cells that are resident in the intima and that have already changed their nature also scavenge the fat.
	www.healthandage.com /html/res/aging_of_you/content/12.html (1640 words)

	Cellular Heterogeneity of the Vascular Tunica Media : Implications for Vessel Wall Repair -- Seidel 17 (10): 1868 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Smooth muscle myosin–positive cells were isolated (isolated VSMC) and characterized in terms of protein expression, proliferative potential, and migratory ability as well as their presence in the neointima.
		Smooth muscle myosin–negative cells were isolated (isolated type 2 cells) and characterized in a similar manner (see References 14 and 15 for details).
		Significance of quiescent smooth muscle migration in the injured rat carotid artery.
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/17/10/1868 (3293 words)

	Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction
		The contractile properties of smooth muscle are broadly classified as phasic (fast) and tonic (slow).
		Phasic smooth muscle is characterized by relatively rapid rates of force activation, force relaxation and Vmax, whereas tonic smooth muscle is characterized by slower rates of force activation, force relaxation and Vmax However, the molecular mechanism that regulates the contractile properties of smooth muscle is unknown.
		Others and we have demonstrated that the mechanism for this diversity in contractile properties between phasic and tonic smooth muscle lies at the level of the contractile filaments, and differences in the kinetics of the actomyosin ATPase (AMATPase).
	mayoresearch.mayo.edu /mayo/research/brozovich_lab/regulation.cfm (440 words)

	Spatially regulated differentiation of endometrial vascular smooth muscle cells -- Kohnen et al. 15 (2): 284 -- Human ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Smooth muscle and vascular smooth muscle of the myometrium served
		-sm actin is expressed in myometrial smooth muscle cells, myometrial vascular smooth muscle, stromal cells of the basal endometrium (small arrows) and the vascular smooth muscle cells of both basal and superficial functional endometrium (large arrows).
		It is present in the glandular epithelium, stroma and vascular smooth muscle.
	humrep.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/15/2/284 (5194 words)

	Albany Medical College: Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Biology
		Contraction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells in the blood vessel wall result in changes in diameter and compliance of the blood vessel.
		Diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, restenosis, diabetes and renal pathologies may affect these control mechanisms resulting in altered vasoreactivity and inappropriate migration and growth of vascular smooth muscle cells that eventually lead to blood vessel thickening and occlusion.
		Thus, basic research studies using experimental models of cultured smooth muscle, isolated perfused arteries, together with transgenic mouse models and animal models of blood vessel injury are carried out with the ultimate goal of improving therapies to control vascular diseases.
	www.amc.edu /Research/CCS/smooth.html (249 words)

	Irradiated versus Nonirradiated Endothelial Cells: Effect on Proliferation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells -- de Crom ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		of restenosis is the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells
		Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells grown in the presence of vascular smooth muscle cells (a), nonirradiated endothelial cells (b), or irradiated endothelial cells (c) on the opposite side of the membrane of the coculture inserts.
		Compartmentalized coculture of porcine arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells on a microporous membrane.
	www.jvir.org /cgi/content/full/12/7/855 (3794 words)

	Smooth Muscle Cell Heterogeneity : Patterns of Gene Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro and In Vivo -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Smooth muscle phenotypic expression in human carotid arteries, I: comparison of cells from diffuse intimal thickenings adjacent to atheromatous plaques with those of the media.
		Smooth muscle lineage diversity in the chick embryo: two types of aortic smooth muscle cell differ in growth and receptor-mediated transcriptional responses to transforming growth factor-ß.
		Expression of the smooth muscle cell calponin gene marks the early cardiac and smooth muscle cell lineages during mouse embryogenesis.
	atvb.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/18/3/333 (5207 words)

	Smooth Muscle Research Group - Xi Long Zheng
		Proliferation and apoptosis (a programmed cell death) of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play important roles in the development of certain cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.
		The major research interest of the Zheng laboratory is to understand the signalling mechanisms critical to the regulation of the cell cycle of vascular smooth muscle cells, and to determine how atherogenic factors and certain drugs can influence VSMC proliferation and apoptosis through these mechanisms.
		Gui, Y., and Zheng, X.L. (2003) Epidermal growth factor induction of phenotype-dependent cell cycle arrest in vascular smooth muscle cells is through the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
	www.ucalgary.ca /smrg/xilong.htm (359 words)

	Ionizing radiation alters myofilament calcium sensitivity in vascular smooth muscle: potential role of protein kinase C ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Vascular smooth muscle is known to contract in response to an
		G-protein-mediated inhibition of myosin light-chain phosphatase in vascular smooth muscle.
		Ca sensitivity of smooth muscle and nonmuscle myosin II: modulated by G proteins, kinases, and myosin phosphatase.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/289/3/R755 (5117 words)

	Vascular Smooth Muscle Thromboxane A2 Receptors Mediate Arachidonic Acid-Induced Sudden Death in Rabbits -- Pfister et ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Vascular Smooth Muscle Thromboxane A2 Receptors Mediate Arachidonic Acid-Induced Sudden Death in Rabbits -- Pfister et al.
		of the platelet and the vascular smooth muscle to the observed
		Vascular smooth muscle cells were exposed for 48 hours to DMEM containing 0.5% fetal bovine serum to arrest cell growth.
	hyper.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/29/1/303 (3747 words)

	Gender-related distinctions in protein kinase C activity in rat vascular smooth muscle -- Kanashiro and Khalil 280 (1): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		the vascular endothelium and the vascular smooth muscle cells.
		in aortic smooth muscle of SHR and WKY rats (38).
		Protein kinase C activity and reactivity to phorbol ester in vascular smooth muscle from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY).
	ajpcell.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/280/1/C34 (6315 words)

	PI3-kinase/Akt modulates vascular smooth muscle tone via cAMP signaling pathways -- Komalavilas et al. 91 (4): 1819 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Muscle strips were washed 3 times (wash) and equilibrated in bicarbonate buffer for 30 min and then with LY-294002 (0, 3, 10, 30, or 100 µM) for 30 min followed by 1 µM 5-HT, and the force generated was recorded and converted to stress.
		Because the activation of vascular smooth muscle contraction is associated with increases in intracellular Ca, activation of MLCK, and increases in the phosphorylation of
		Bovine carotid artery smooth muscle strips were prepared as described earlier and equilibrated in bicarbonate buffer in a conical tube and aerated with 95% O
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/91/4/1819 (6027 words)

	Human vascular smooth muscle cells possess functional CCR5.
		CCR5 mRNA was detectable by RNA blot hybridization in human aortic and coronary artery smooth muscle cells.
		By immunohistochemistry, CCR5 and the CCR5 ligand, macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta), were detected in smooth muscle cells and macrophages of the atherosclerotic plaque.
		In smooth muscle cell culture, MIP-1beta induced a significant increase in intracellular calcium concentrations, which was blocked by an antibody to CCR5.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/2000/jun/A0061928.html (482 words)

	Vascular Smooth Muscle research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		An important parameter in determining the contractile state of smooth muscle is the concentration of intracellular calcium.
		We mostly use conventional front surface fluorometry to measure the average calcium concentration in the vascular wall (with the probes we use, this is almost completely due to fluorescence from the smooth muscle).
		However, the bicarbonate transporter of vascular smooth muscle seems to be different from that in many other tissues, e.g.
	www.fi.au.dk /vsm/research/index.html (345 words)

	Smooth Muscle Research Group - Chris Triggle
		We are pursuing the hypothesis that vascular tissue (both endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells) has the capability of synthesizing NO via a non-nitric oxide synthase (NOS) pathway and can also store NO, possibly as S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs), in a stable and releasable chemical form.
		The role, pharmacological characterization, and possible isolation and purification of EDHF are being pursued in a variety of vascular beds.
		Ding, H. and Triggle, C.R. (2003) The contribution of EDHF and the role of potassium channels in the regulation of vascular tone.
	www.ucalgary.ca /smrg/chris.htm (746 words)

	What We Offer
		The Cardiovascular Research Training Program provides interdisciplinary training in cardiac and vascular cell biology for pre- and postdoctoral students, and emphasizes the functional properties of cardiac and vascular smooth muscle.
		Our students receive training in these and a variety of related areas, including the molecular and functional control of muscle gene expression, with emphasis on the use of several complementary techniques to approach each question under investigation.
		Trainees completing this program will be prepared to bring a wide range of methodological approaches to bear on basic questions in normal cardiac and vascular cell biology, on the underlying mechanisms responsible for a variety of cardiac and vascular pathologies and on their possible cure and prevention.
	medschool.umaryland.edu /cardiovascular (289 words)

	Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of H-2Kb-tsA58 Transgenic Mice : Characterization of Cell Lines With Distinct Properties ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of H-2Kb-tsA58 Transgenic Mice : Characterization of Cell Lines With Distinct Properties -- Ehler et al.
		smooth muscle cell type with a repair function in vascular injury.
		A Systematic Analysis of 40 Random Genes in Cultured Vascular Smooth Muscle Subtypes Reveals a Heterogeneity of Gene Expression and Identifies the Tight Junction Gene Zonula Occludens 2 as a Marker of Epithelioid "Pup" Smooth Muscle Cells and a Participant in Carotid Neointimal Formation
	circ.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/92/11/3289 (646 words)

	Amazon.fr : The Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell: Molecular and Biological Responses to the Extracellular Matrix: Livres en ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Amazon.fr : The Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell: Molecular and Biological Responses to the Extracellular Matrix: Livres en anglais: Stephen M. Schwartz,Robert P. Mecham
		In the last several years, the development of reagents that recognize smooth muscle-specific proteins has enabled researchers to identify smooth muscle cells (SMC) in tissue undergoing both differentiation and repair.
		It also examines the proliferation and replication of SMC and its role in pharmacology and vascular disease.
	www.amazon.fr /Vascular-Smooth-Muscle-Cell-Extracellular/dp/0126323100 (651 words)

	Jak2 Tyrosine Kinase Mediates Oxidative Stress-induced Apoptosis in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells -- Sandberg and ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Jak2 Tyrosine Kinase Mediates Oxidative Stress-induced Apoptosis in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells -- Sandberg and Sayeski 279 (33): 34547 -- Journal of Biological Chemistry
		smooth muscle cell apoptosis following hydrogen peroxide treatment.
		vascular diseases in which vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/279/33/34547 (552 words)

	Therapeutic inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cells (US6171609) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Methods are also provided for the direct and/or targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to vascular smooth muscle cells that cause a dilation and fixation of the vascular lumen by inhibiting smooth muscle cell contraction, thereby constituting a biological stent.
		Inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation by 8-methoxypsoralen photoactivated by visible light
		Use of, and method of treatment using, hydroxycarbazole compounds for inhibition of smooth muscle migration and proliferation
	www.delphion.com /details?pn10=US06171609 (701 words)

	Muscle, Smooth, Vascular books, find the lowest prices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell : Molecular and Biological Responses to the Extracellular Matrix
		Calcium Channel Modulators in Heart and Smooth Muscle : Basic Mechanisms and Pharmacological Aspects Proceedings of the 33rd [i.E. 34th] Oholo Conference, Eilat, Israel, 1989
		Vascular Smooth Muscle : Metabolic, Ionic, and Contractile Mechanisms
	www.allbookstores.com /Muscle_Smooth_Vascular.html (251 words)

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