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| | Vectorscope |
 | | A vectorscope uses a circular display, or graticule, for visualizing chrominance signals, which is the best method of referring to the QAM scheme used to encode color into a video signal. |
 | | NTSC vectorscopes have one set of boxes for the color bars, while their PAL counterparts have two sets of boxes, due to the fact that chrominance in PAL reverses in phase on alternating lines. |
 | | The reference signal used for the vectorscope's display is the color burst that is transmitted before each line of video, which is defined to have a phase of 180°, corresponding to the nine-o'clock, or -U, position on the graticule. |
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