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Topic: Vedic Saraswati River

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Vedic Sarasvati River

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Sarasvati

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Vedic Saraswati River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Indra was the river deity of the Sarasvati river, the disappearance of the Sarasvati river may have been one of the causes for the diminishing popularity of Indra in Vedic culture.
		Saraswati is also often said to have her origin in and to reside in the mouths or on the tongues of the god Brahma (Brahma has four or five heads) That is, when Brahma undertakes the creation of the world through creative speech, the goddess Saraswati is born in his mouths.
		Saraswati's iconography illustrates her associations with culture, particularly the arts and sciences, and shows her to be a goddess who is for the most part set apart from the natural realm of growth, fertility, blood, and other phenomena often associated with or central in the iconography and mythology of other goddesses.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Vedic-Saraswati-River (1130 words)

	MANTRA ON NET: Saraswati- Text & Images
		Saraswati as the embodiment of the Saraswati River is significant in both a historical and a theological sense.
		Saraswati is also often said to have her origin in and to reside in the mouths or on the tongues of the god Brahma (Brahma has four or five heads) That is, when Brahma undertakes the creation of the world through creative speech, the goddess Saraswati is born in his mouths.
		Saraswati's iconography illustrates her associations with culture, particularly the arts and sciences, and shows her to be a goddess who is for the most part set apart from the natural realm of growth, fertility, blood, and other phenomena often associated with or central in the iconography and mythology of other goddesses.
	www.mantraonnet.com /saraswati2.html (3237 words)

	Lakshmi and Saraswati - Tales in Mythology and Art
		Saraswati is one of the few important goddesses in the Vedas who have retained their significance to the present day.
		Conception of Goddess Saraswati as a flowing blood river is open to interpretation as a symbol of the menstrual blood flow in women, particularly since Saraswati is conceived of as an ever-flowing stream which purifies and “fertilizes” the Earth.
		As Saraswati, the goddess, her identity is not as nebulous as Vak (speech).
	www.exoticindiaart.com /article/lakshmiandsaraswati/2 (3499 words)

	Sarasvati River - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sarasvati River (Sanskrit: सरस्‍वती नदी) is an ancient river that is mentioned in Hindu texts and one of the chief Rigvedic rivers.
		Sarasvati is mentioned both as the chief of the Sapta Sindhu, the seven holy rivers of the early Rigveda, and listed in the geographical list of ten rivers in the Nadistuti sukta of the late Rigveda, and it is the only river with hymns entirely dedicated to it, RV 6.61, 7.95 and 7.96.
		Yajurveda 34.11 says: "The five equally celebrated rivers, merged with the mighty Sarasvati The same Sarasvati got (divided)into five glorified flows in the country." The commentator Uvat wrote that the five tributaries of the Sarasvati were the Punjab rivers Drishadvati, Satudri (Sutlej), Chandrabhaga (Chenab), Vipasa (Vyas) and the Iravati (Ravi).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vedic_Saraswati_River (3110 words)

	Saraswati River in India
		One of the major water causeways in north-west India, this legendary river is believed to have originated from the Harkidun glacier of the Himalayan slopes in west Garhwal (Uttaranchal) and made its course towards the southwest through Haryana and Punjab.
		There is also a river Saraswati in Gujarat which flows from the south end of Aravalli Hills into the eastern end of the Rann of Kutch.
		Another river originating in the Himalayas, (one of the sources of the Vedic Saraswati), but flowing down in Assam, is also called Saraswati.
	www.india9.com /i9show/86057.htm (376 words)

	Saraswati (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Saraswati is a Goddess that was worshipped in the Vedic religion.
		Saraswati Stuthi states that she is the only Goddess to be revered by all the three great gods of Hinduism, Brahmā, Vishnu, and Shiva.
		Goddess Saraswati is often depicted as a beautiful, fair-skinned woman dressed in pure white often seated on a white lotus (although Her actual vaahan is believed to be swan), which symbolizes that she is founded in the experience of the Absolute Truth.
	www.thaiexotictreasures.com /saraswati.html (1174 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Vedic Saraswati River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The river has been identified with various present-day or historical rivers, particularly the Ghaggar-Hakra river in India and Pakistan.
		The situation is further complicated by the fact that the heavenly 'river' of the milky way[?] seems sometimes to be referred to, and by the fact that the river is personifid as a goddess.
		Recent finding suggest the Ghaggar river did once flow in great strength, and was of major importance to the Indus Valley civilization, but that it dried up due to the redirection of its tributaries.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ve/Vedic_Saraswati_River (250 words)

	Saraswati
		Some have postulated that the goddess Saraswati gained her role as personified communication and the giver of knowledge due to the role of the Sarasvati River in the development of written language in ancient India.
		Saraswati Stuthi states that she is the only Goddess to be revered by all the three great gods of Hinduism, BrahmÄ, Vishnu, and Shiva.
		Goddess Saraswati is often depicted as a beautiful, fair-skinned woman dressed in pure white often seated on a white lotus (although Her actual vaahan is believed to be swan), which symbolizes that she is founded in the experience of the Absolute Truth.
	www.dejavu.org /cgi-bin/get.cgi?ver=93&url=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.gourt.com%2F%3Farticle%3DSarasvati%26type%3Den (1603 words)

	Uttaranchal/Uttarakhand Information Centre
		There is also a small present-day Saraswati River that joins the Ghaggar river and appears to be one of the branches of the ancient river.
		And some Rig-vedic verses (6.61.2) indicate that the Sarasvati river originated in a high altitude like the ancient "Sarasvati-Sutlej" river where she could "burst with her strong waves the ridges of the hills", and not merely in the Himalayan foothills like the present-day Sarasvati-Ghaggar river.
		If the Ghaggar-Hakra river is the original Sarasvati of the Vedas, it implies that the Vedic Aryans were resident in the Punjab as early as the late 3rd millennium BC.
	www.4dham.com /go2/Vedic_Sarasvati_River.html (1941 words)

	Saraswati: River Beyond the Myth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Pointedly, the Rig Vedic poets appear to have been aware of such a one as this, for the Saraswati of their vision is also looked upon as a gargantuan river flowing from the Himalayas to the sea.
		Saraswati was also revered as Haraohati in the parallelly evolving culture that flourished in Iran under the stewardship of Zarathustra.
		But before the end of the early Vedic period, the Saraswati began to ebb away from public consciousness, and in the Panchavimsa Brahmana we come across a clear reference to her disappearance.
	www.hvk.org /articles/1100/111.html (793 words)

	Sarasvati River
		It was on the waters of Saraswati that the vedic culture grew.
		Saraswati had such an impact on the lives, even after her disappearence, that many rivers were later renamed after her.
		The demise of Saraswati, was near fatal for the Saraswati civilization.
	www.geocities.com /narenp/history/info/river.htm (1036 words)

	Saraswati
		Saraswati is revered as the dispeller of chaos and confusion.
		Saraswati is said to be the bestower of knowledge that dispels ignorance and unhappiness.
		Saraswati is also referred to as Sharda the fountainhead of knowledge who leeds seekers from darkness to light and from ignorance to spiritual upliftment.
	www.templenet.com /beliefs/saraswati.htm (369 words)

	How old is the Rig Veda? (Part 3)
		The consequences of identifying the Rig Vedic Saraswati with the Ghagghar-Hakra are tremendous.
		The presence of the vast number of Harappan settlements along the river suggests that it was active towards the later date (the Harappan culture was at its peak from 2600 BC to 1900 BC).
		The Arghandhab is the chief tributary of the Helmand river.
	www.sawf.org /newedit/edit02192001/musings.asp (1399 words)

	Why War? Keywords: India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Recent discoveries of what appear to be Vedic elements in the Harappa and Mohenjodaro, as well as newly excavated cities in Gujarat and off the coastlines of Eastern and Western India seem to give the lie, according to some historians, to the Aryan Migration Theory.
		It supposes that in fact the great Vedic Saraswati River is the dry river bed that has been identified in North-Western India and that the white Aryan race is in fact nothing more than indigenous Indian tribes considered 'noble' for adherence to Vedic principles, not for their racial characteristics or lineage.
		This theory of the Aryan culture being indigenous estabishes Vedic Indian culture to have come into being as early as 5000 BC, slowly developing over time till around the time of the dissolution of the Harappa and Mohenjodaro cultures, whose disappearance is now linked to the drying of the Saraswati River.
	www.why-war.com /encyclopedia/places/india (2625 words)

	Saraswati - The ancient holy river of Haryana - Kunal - Ghaggar - Vedic - India
		There are numerous references to the river Saraswati in the ancient Indian literature of the Vedic and post-Vedic period.
		Saraswati is believed to have originated from the Har-ki-Dun glacier in west Garhwal (Uttaranchal).
		It has been established that the river Saraswati, carrying the waters of three perennial and numerous seasonal rivers, was a mighty river in the Vedic times.
	www.haryana-online.com /saraswati.htm (433 words)

	Articles on Sanskrit • The Myth of the Aryan Invasion of India
		The Vedic culture was thus said to be that of primitive nomads who came out of Central Asia with their horse-drawn chariots and iron weapons and overthrew the cities of the more advanced Indus valley culture, with their superior battle tactics.
		The Vedic people were thought to have been a fair-skinned race like the Europeans owing to the Vedic idea of a war between light and darkness, and the Vedic people being presented as children of light or children of the sun.
		Saraswati is said to be "pure in course from the mountains to the sea".
	www.vedic-academy.com /articles/sanskrit/aryan_invasion.htm (13958 words)

	Saraswati (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In the Vedas, Saraswati’s character and attributes are associated with the mighty Saraswati River.
		She is the earliest example of a goddess who is associated with a river in the Indian tradition suggesting the sacrality inherent in rivers or water in general.
		The river as a metaphor: another particular association with rivers in Hindu and Buddhist thought (and others!) is the imagery of crossing from the world of ignorance or bondage to the far shore, which represents the world of enlightenment or freedom.
	www.ancientworlds.net /327209 (706 words)

	Demise of the Aryan Invasion Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The fact that these pioneers of the ancient Vedic culture and hence the Hinduism were indigenous people of mother India, is mendaciously denied by the Aryan Invasion theory which professes their foreign origin.
		All this indicates that the composers of the Vedic literature were quite familiar with the Saraswati river, and were inspired by its beauty and its vasteness that they composed several hymns in her praise and glorification.
		The drying up of the Saraswati river was a catastrophe of the vast magnitude, which led to a massive outflow of people, especially the elite, went into Iran, Mesopotamia and other neighboring regions.
	www.hindunet.org /hindu_history/ancient/aryan/aryan_agrawal.html (7253 words)

	Prof. Raman's review of the book: VEDIC SARASVATI, 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		THE SARASWATI was one of the mighty and highly venerated rivers of the Vedic period.
		In the first section, there are nine papers which contain exhaustive references to the description of the Saraswati in the Rig Veda, its origin in the high mountain (the Himalayas) and its arduous course cutting through glaciers.
		Mohenjodaro was an island enclosed by the rivers Sindhu and the western Nara (Saraswati river in Sind).
	www.hindunet.org /saraswati/prof_ramans_review_of_the_book.htm (760 words)

	Kolkata Beckons: Saraswati Puja
		It is said Saraswati was the Goddess of the river of the same name.
		Her origin is in the lost Vedic river Saraswati.
		Ma Saraswati is the Goddess whom we all worship to get her blessing to do well in our studies.
	in.geocities.com /kolkatabeckons/saraswati.html (957 words)

	Ghaggar-Hakra River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is often identified with the Vedic Sarasvati River, but it is disputed if all Rigvedic references to the Sarasvati River refer to this river.
		The wide river bed of the Ghaggar river suggest that the river once flowed in great strength, and that it formerly continued through eastern Pakistan in the presently dry channel of the Hakra River, possibly emptying into the Rann of Kutch.
		The disappearance of the river may have been caused by earthquakes which may have led to the redirection of its tributaries.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Ghaggar.htm (1678 words)

	Vedic Sarasvati: Evolutionary History of a Lost River of Northwestern India, 1999, eds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This is a scientific memoir primarily based on the proceedings of the Seminar on Drainage Evolution of Northwestern India with particular reference to the Lost River Sarasvati, held in MS University, Baroda, in December 1977.
		Herbert Wilhemy (1969), ‘The Ancient River Valley on the Eastern Border of the Indus Plain and the Sarasvati Problem’, is a fine account of the different stages of evolution of the river with excellent sketch maps.
		RJ Wasson, SN Rajaguru, VN Misra, DP Agarwal, RP Dhir, AK Singhvi and K Kameswara Rao (1983), ‘Geomorphology, Late Quaternary Stratigraphy and Palaeoclimatology of the Thar Dune Field’ originally published in the Journal of Geomorphology, Berlin, is a lacustrine history based on pollen analyses from the lakes Lunkransar, Sambhar and Didwana in the That desert.
	www.hindunet.org /saraswati/VedicSarasvati1.html (1943 words)

	archive: Saga of a 'lost' river
		THE SARASWATI was one of the mighty and highly venerated rivers of the Vedic period.
		The present river, Ghaggar in Rajasthan, on which the extensive Indus Valley site Kalibhanagar has been discovered is one of the remnants of the ancient Saraswati.
		Mohenjodaro was an island enclosed by the rivers Sindhu and the western Nara (Saraswati river in Sind).
	www.media-watch.org /articles/0699/47.html (773 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Benzaiten (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is also a mighty river in ancient India of this name (see Vedic Saraswati River).
		Benzaiten arrived in Japan during the 6th through 8th centuries, mainly via the Chinese translations of the Sutra of Golden Light, which has a section devoted to her.
		Benzaiten, who was widely known for her persuasive eloquence, rejected the dragon's proposal and made it understand that it had been doing wrong by plaguing the villagers.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Benzaiten (744 words)

	SriPedia: Saraswati
		In the post-Vedic mythology, Saraswati is recognized as the goddess of Speech and the wife of Brahma, the son of Vishnu.
		In one of the Divya Desams of Kanchi associated with this legend, Saraswati, the daughter-in-law is standing at the feet of the reclining Lord seeking His pardon for the Aparaadham.
		She is the personification of the Vegavathi river, who flowed in fury over Her husband's insult and the Lord incarnated as the Sethu (aNai or Dam) to stop His daughter intent on destroying the Yajnam at Hasthigiri done by His son.First came ThiruvehhA EmperumAn (YathOkthakaari) and next came Kaanchi VaradarAjan.
	www.ibiblio.org /sripedia/cgi-bin/kbase/Saraswati (1582 words)

	History News Network
		Last summer, the Culture Ministry appointed a special committee of experts to prove that the Saraswati was not merely a mythological river, dismissed by historians as nothing more than a figment of the imagination of Hindu sages who praise it as the "greatest of mothers, greatest of rivers and greatest of goddesses" in the Vedas.
		"Saraswati is not only a matter of Hindu faith, but also fact," said Ravindra Singh Bisht, director of the Archaeological Survey of India, who supervises excavation along what is believed to be the course of the river.
		Once the entire course of the river, "from the Himalayas to the Arabian sea" is established, the Culture Ministry plans to turn archeological sites of lost cities along the Saraswati into tourist hubs.
	www.hnn.us /readcomment.php?id=8772&bheaders=1 (1386 words)

	Deccan Herald News page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Saraswati, which literally means a river of lakes, and deified as a goddess, is mentioned for the first time in the Rig Veda, a ritual text dated between 1500 and 1000 BC.
		In the Tenth Mandala of the Rig Veda, Saraswati is described as a river flowing between the Yamuna and the Sutlej.
		In later Vedic literature, the Mahabharata and the Puranas, the Saraswati is said to have originated at Plaksha prasravana under the Sivalik belt and disappeared at Vinasana near Sirsa in Haryana.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/oct26/sl3.asp (976 words)

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