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Topic: Verb argument

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	Argument - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		oral argument, a verbal presentation to a judge by a lawyer
		Argumentative, an type of evidentiary objection to a question for a witness during a trial
		Default argument, an actual parameter to a program that is used when no other actual parameter is provided
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Argument (330 words)

	Verb argument -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Typical syntactic arguments are the (The subject matter of a conversation or discussion) subject and the direct (A tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow) object, which are usually termed "core arguments".
		Every (A systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols) language marks the core arguments of verbs using (A portable container for carrying several objects) case, (The order of words in a text) word order or a mixture of both, though some rely heavily on context for disambiguation.
		In both cases the semantic arguments are she (the agent) and a cake (the patient), but the first sentence has the syntactic arguments subject and object, while the second has subject and (optional) agentive complement.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/v/ve/verb_argument.htm (503 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		I argue that the acquisition of verb argument structure is verb-dependent rather than general, and that the process of verb argument acquisition proceeds on the basis of linguistic experience with a particular target language rather than being innate (see also Bowerman (1990)).
		Even though the direct object is missing and the child uses the present tense instead of the imperative, she still uses the verb consistently, in the appropriate discourse context.
		The assumption that argument structure is acquired on a verb-by-verb basis enables us to account for individual differences between learners in acquiring the argument structure of a single verb.
	www.iccs.informatics.ed.ac.uk /archive/gala/posterabs/gala-uziel-karl (734 words)

	Afra Alishahi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Each frame contains the thematic roles of the arguments, the semantic primitives associated to the predicate, the semantic categories of the arguments in a WordNet-like semantic hierarchy, and the syntactic pattern used in the utterance.
		Similar frames of different verbs are incrementally clustered into non-overlapping classes, resulting in the emergence of abstract constructions that form shared semantic components of the underlying frames with the common syntactic patterns used by a group of verbs.
		The membership degree of each verb in each class is a function of the frequency of the verb appearing in the frame represented by the class.
	www.cs.toronto.edu /~afra/research.html (519 words)

	The Lexical Semantics of a Machine Translation Interlingua
		For the verb "break", the case role of the subject is agent, and indicates the entity responsible for the event.
		Thus, these verbs indicate that an indirect agent is responsible for an event which itself may have a direct agent - the quasi patient is not at all a true patient of the verb "cause/make/have" (although it may be the true patient of the embedded sentence).
		Since middle derivations indicate that the demoted argument is generic, the lack of a middle voice change indicates that the argument must either be explicitly specified or is intentionally being withheld by the speaker.
	www.eskimo.com /~ram/lexical_semantics.html (17326 words)

	[No title]
		Besides these three properties which all volitional arguments of volitional transitive verbs possess, many volitional arguments of transitive verbs in Marathi are causers as well, for example, the volitional arguments of the verbs in (4).
		Ignoring those, the embedding of predicates in the argument structure, and the relationship between the argument structure and the function structure in Catalan is clear.
		As both the arguments of the ÔlikeÕ and ÔfindÕ types of verbs would have to be represented as lacking an external argument and a d-structure subject, the GB analysis would predict that these verbs in Marathi possess no logical subject.
	www-lfg.stanford.edu /bresnan/Joshi/L.S.A.DOC (4427 words)

	Argument
		In logic, a logical argument is an attempt to proved a demonstration of the truth of a conclusion based on the truth of a set of premises.
		In linguistics, the arguments of a verb are the phrases that make up the sentence with it.
		In oratory or law, an argument may be any presentation of evidence or reasoning in an attempt to persuade the listener of the correctness of the speaker's position.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/a/ar/argument.html (317 words)

	The Ba Construction Part I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Syntactically, the causative construction is characterized by the valency change of the verb, and the relationship between the verb and the corresponding noun phrase arguments, which is referred to as 'ergativity'.
		The extra argument introduced by the causativization would lead to an intransitive verb becoming a transitive one as exemplified by the causative sentence (3b) where, with the introduction of the argument 'John', the causer, the intransitive verb 'open' in (3a) becomes the transitive verb in (3b).
		That is, a transitive verb with three arguments, as exemplified in (4b) where, with the introduction of the argument 'Mary', the transitive verb 'make' in (4a) becomes the ditransitive verb in (4b) (cf.
	www.people.fas.harvard.edu /~whu/China/baziju1.htm (4213 words)

	[No title]
		the passive or the perfect participle constructions) entailed a different number of arguments than entailed by the verb in isolation, the transitivity value of the verb was taken to be the same as that of the construction.
		Occurrence of transitive verbs with one argument transitive verbsoccur.
		Distinctive case-marking on overt arguments of transitive verbs AccusativeErgativeGenitiveDativebanaa 'make'2de 'give'1ho 'be'4caahiye 'want'1biThaa 'seat'3kar 'do'1pataa 'know'3kar 'do'2lagaa 'attach'1dekh 'see'3toD
	www.mpi.nl /world/persons/private/bhuvana/disc_prag.doc (1907 words)

	Ch 13: Explicit Operators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The possibilities for the result produced by an operator are: a tacit verb, an explicit verb, a noun or another operator.
		The arguments to operators may be nouns or verbs.
		There is a way of constraining arguments to be nouns only, that is, to cause verbs to be signalled as errors.
	www.jsoftware.com /books/help/learning/13.htm (1152 words)

	Verb argument specification
		With the @verb command, it is also possible to specify the new verb's permissions and owner as part of the same command (rather than having to issue separate @chmod/@chown commands)
		"this none this" is used to indicate non-command verbs, since the parser can't possibly interpret a command as "this none this".
		With the 2nd form of the command the verb removed is the most recent one matching both the given verb-name and the given dobj/prep/iobj specifiers.
	tecfa.unige.ch /moo/book2/node115.html (617 words)

	NWE Help: MOO: Fundamentals: Verbs
		Argument: An argument is a second word that goes with the command.
		In this case, it's now the "indirect object," and the MOO knows that the primary argument is the fourth one.
		Argument: This argument is a preposition, basically ignored by the MOO, but important for your understanding of what's going on.
	web.nwe.ufl.edu /writing/help/moo/fundamentals/verbs.shtml (209 words)

	Insert adverb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The derived verb applies itself monadically by inserting the original verb between the items of the argument.
		is that it inserts its original verb between the items of the argument.
		It is applied to each of the 1-cells of the argument, giving a partial result, and these partial results are then assembled into the result frame.
	www.jsoftware.com /books/help/primer/insert_adverb.htm (523 words)

	Lexical Semantics Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In two experiments children were taught novel motion verbs; they extended them to double-object structures, and did so more often for monosyllabic than for polysyllabic verbs and more often to denote a possession transfer than motion to a location.
		We propose that speakers acquire a dative rule that operates on two levels: a broad-range rule that defines the possibility of a verb meaning 'cause to move' to be changed into one meaning 'cause to have', and narrow-range rules license such extensions to be made for subclasses of semantically and morphologically similar verbs.
		The lexical semantics of verbs of motion: The perspective from unaccusativity.
	dingo.sbs.arizona.edu /~hharley/522/522Spring1999/LexSemBiblio.html (2342 words)

	[No title]
		That is, mandatory arguments are enclosed in curly braces \verb+{+\ldots{} \verb+}+ and braces inside arguments must be properly Optional arguments are enclosed in square brackets \verb+[+\ldots{} \verb+]+.
		Their argument \filename{style} is interpreted by attempting to load a \filename{style}\texttt{.hva} file (see~\ref{comline} to see where \hevea{} searches for files).
		Arguments to \verb+\begin{list}+ are handled as follows: \begin{flushleft} \quad\verb+\begin{list}{+{\it default\_label}\verb+}{+{\it decls}\verb+}+ \end{flushleft} The first argument {\it default\_label} is the label generated by an \verb+\item+ command with no argument.
	pauillac.inria.fr /~maranget/X/projet/r13.txt (15659 words)

	AMLaP-99 Abstract
		Target verbs (e.g., "filmed") were biased toward the direct-object interpretation, as determined by a sentence completion study, suggesting that they would cause erroneous direct object interpretations of the post-verbal noun phrase (e.g., "the rioters").
		The prime verb remained on the screen for 39ms and was then replaced by the target word, which remained on the screen until the next press of the button.
		The two sets of results together indicate that the fast priming of verb argument structure can occur in a range of syntactic ambiguities and may be a valuable tool in the investigation of syntactic processing.
	www.cogsci.ed.ac.uk /~amlap99/abs/990625-3.html (581 words)

	Summaries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The three verbs for the tally, minimum and maximum items may be joined by the conjunction, append to give an expression that gives these three values for its list argument.
		Because of its importance, it is also given by a defined verb of the same name which may be considered a convenient synonym.
		We introduce the defined verb sort, which may be termed a "utility verb" since its details do not immediately concern us, which sorts the items of its list argument in ascending order and use it to give a list of the dates in sorted order.
	www.cs.ualberta.ca /~smillie/ComputerAndMe/Coins1.html (334 words)

	XML Input Arguments
		As of May 1, 2004, the authentication of the requestor for an API call must be done using an authentication token (see Authentication and Authorization).
		An argument might be an item number, a user ID, a keyword for an item search, the starting value for an item's auction, or a category name for a multiple item list.
		Input arguments of type Boolean must have a value of 0 (zero) for false or 1 (one) for true.
	developer.ebay.com /DevZone/docs/API_Doc/Getting_Started/InputArguments.htm (917 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Argument clauses and correlative `es' in German: Deriving discourse properties in a unification analysis.
		On the Mandarin possessive and existential verb you and its idiomatic expressions.
		Argument structure and empty expletive: A study of event-evaluative predicates in Chinese.
	www-lfg.stanford.edu /lfg/bib/lfgbib.text (10480 words)

	Argument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In logic, a logicalargument is an attempt to proved a demonstration of the truth of a conclusion based on the truth of a set ofpremises.
		In computer science, an argument is aninformal term for actual parameter,which can be variable or value passed into a function, subroutine, or computerprogram.
		In oratory or law, anargument may be any presentation of evidence or reasoning in an attempt to persuade the listener of thecorrectness of the speaker's position.
	www.therfcc.org /argument-2145.html (305 words)

	Verb argument (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		An argument, in linguistics, is a phrase that apears in a relationship with the verb in a proposition.
		The typical arguments are the subject and the direct object,which are usually termed "core arguments".
		If a verb has one core argument (the subject),it's intransitive; if it has two, it's transitive.
	www.therfcc.org /verb-argument-49155.html (162 words)

	Verb Clustering without Verb Clusters
		Since the verbal complement cannot be a (complex) phrase, a consequence of this requirement is that an argument-inheritance verb necessarily inherits all complements of its verbal complement.
		The schema in (4) and the lexical entries for argument inheritance verbs together give rise to derivations of subordinate clauses in which a lexical head directly combines with all of its complements.
		schema requires a lexical head, and the argument-inheritance verbs haben and helfen require a lexical verbal complement, the `flat' derivation is the only one possible according to the grammar, ignoring word order variation for the moment.
	odur.let.rug.nl /vannoord/papers/german/node2.html (409 words)

	sémantique printemps 98
		The number and specific realization of verbal arguments is to a large extend a function of the semantics of verbs, but other factors are at play.
		On argument structure and the lexical expression of syntactic expressions.
		The article discusses the role of "cause" and "become" in the decomposition of verbs, and it shows that causatives and resultatives constitute two fundamentally different options for expressing causal relationships in verbs, both already attested in simple verbs.
	aix1.uottawa.ca /~hirsch/Lexsem2000.html (3426 words)

	Verb-Argument Structure Reading Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		How could a child use verb syntax to learn verb semantics.
		Naigles, Letitia R., Bavin, Edith L., & Smith, Melissa A. Generalizing novel verbs to different structures: Evidence for the important of understanding meaning.
		Missing arguments and the acquisition of predicate meanings.
	www.cog.jhu.edu /grad-students/nicol/VAReadings.html (145 words)

	Verb-argument structure processing: The influence of verb-specific and argument-specific constraints (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Abstract: ion of the number of arguments elicited a biphasic pattern, an N400 followed by a P600 (cf.
		Sentences with a violation of the form of the second NP (dative instead of accusative case) only elicited a P600, but no N400 (cf.
		Figure 6), which did not differ topographically from the N400 in the number of arguments condition.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /245348.html (254 words)

	Learning Verb Argument Structure from Minimally Annotated Corpora - Sarkar, Tripasai (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Abstract: In this paper weinvestigate the task of automatically identifying the correct argument structure for a set of verbs.
		These distributions were extracted from a 23M word WSJ corpus based on partof -speech tags and phrasal chunks alone.
		Learning verb argument structure from minimally annotated corpora.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /491474.html (233 words)

	Questions & Answers: Singular or plural verb with 'none'
		The rule is that none is logically less than one and consequently requires a singular verb.
		It’s uncertain who started the notion that none requires a singular verb, but it’s pervasive, both in the US and Britain, and seems to have been drummed into the heads of generations of schoolchildren.
		The argument stems from a misunderstanding of where the word comes from.
	www.worldwidewords.org /qa/qa-non2.htm (474 words)

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