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	New Georgia Encyclopedia: Vernacular Architecture
		Vernacular architecture can be difficult to define and is often characterized by what it is not: it is not high-style design created by professional architects and based on academic or theoretical principles.
		Vernacular architecture tends to be commonplace and to reflect the everyday life and experience of people within a culture or region.
		Vernacular architecture often embodied a strong sense of craftsmanship and an understanding of building materials and techniques adapted to accommodate daily needs and experience.
	www.georgiaencyclopedia.org /nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1116 (760 words)

	Vernacular Architecture of the World - Great Buildings Online
		Danish Vernacular House, by Vernacular, at Denmark, --.
		Norwegian Farmhouse, by Vernacular, at Norway, 1200 to 1900.
		Norwegian Storehouse, by Vernacular, at Norway, 1200 to 1900.
	www.greatbuildings.com /types/styles/vernacular.html (772 words)

	Vernacular Architecture of the World 01 - Topics - ArchitectureWeek Online Library
		Zambian vernacular architecture is organic, beautiful, and most importantly, comfortably integrated with the local climate, culture, and harvest cycles.
		The vernacular is the unconscious work of craftsmen based on knowledge accumulated over generations — perhaps the very opposite of architecture, which is often considered to involve a premeditated design process with a conscious appeal to the intellect.
		More than the architecture of secular or religious institutions, houses mirror the needs, desires, and living habits of a time because they are the direct result of the interaction between people and their environment.
	www.architectureweek.com /topics/vernacular-01.html (445 words)

	TN Encyclopedia: VERNACULAR DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE
		They do, however, fall under the rubric of "vernacular architecture." This term is used broadly to describe housing forms that include true or folk vernacular houses, houses that imitate academic styles, and houses produced by industrialization and cultural standardization.
		Vernacular houses may also be houses constructed as speculative buildings in streetcar suburbs and suburban areas of the major cities.
		The description of vernacular types generally focuses on the exterior form of the house, although the original form may have undergone change, particularly on the rear elevation.
	tennesseeencyclopedia.net /imagegallery.php?EntryID=A031 (1946 words)

	AIArchitect, June 28, 2004 - The Aegean Crucible—Tracing Vernacular Architecture in Post-Byzantine Centuries
		There he met Professor Pikinious, who said of vernacular architecture: “Unaffectedness [is] one of the great merits of the folk vernacular tradition and, by extension, of ancient and medieval architecture.
		While vernacular architecture can best be explained as a system of architectural expression native to a particular place and people, in the Aegean Islands it takes on an additional, richer meaning.
		Architecture grows from deeply rooted cultural and natural influences sympathetically interpreted, not from the latest fads or an appetite for novelty.
	www.aia.org /aiarchitect/thisweek04/tw0625/0625book_aegeancrucible.htm (1144 words)

	Read about Vernacular architecture at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Vernacular architecture and learn about ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		architecture is a term from academic architecture to categorize structures built outside of academic tradition.
		Vernacular buildings have been praised by many writers for their sophisticated adaptation to their environment and users' needs.
		Vernacular buildings have made up a large portion of the built environment throughout human history because the profession of architect is a relatively new invention, because academic architecture has tended towards a narrow range of acceptable styles and forms, and because even today architects are involved in only a small percentage of built structures.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Vernacular_architecture (435 words)

	Vernacular Architecture & Landscape Architecture: Resource Guide
		Vernacular architecture and landscape architecture, often called "ordinary" or "traditional" built environment, is a subject which crosses many disciplines: architecture, landscape architecture, historic preservation, building science, cultural anthropology, urban geography, archaeology, material culture, history, folklore, and human geography among them.
		Vernacular Architecture Forum was formed in 1980 to encourage the study and preservation of North American vernacular architecture.
		Vernacular Architecture Group is an international group for those interested in the study of "lesser traditional buildings." Its focus is primarily on the British Isles.
	www.lib.berkeley.edu /ENVI/vernacular.html (4236 words)

	HISTORY AND VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
		If architecture is mentioned, it is often tucked away in a section devoted to art and education, and even there the main subjects are the polite buildings erected by the elite.
		Architectural historians have been fully aware of important changes in practical carpentry, which demonstrates the versatility and inventiveness of one group of medieval craftsmen.
		A recent identification of a house built for a farmer, that is the non-aristocratic lessee of a lord’s demesne, at Overton in Hampshire in 1506-7 is a striking new example of a precise combination of documentary and architectural evidence (Footnote 19).
	www.ccurrie.me.uk /vag/DYERVA.htm (5050 words)

	The Colgate Scene - September 1997 - Village Architecture
		Pevsner’s view of architecture as "the art of the establishment" (churches and palaces are never cheap) was shared by most architectural historians.
		For the past ten years, at family weekends and reunions, I’ve given architectural tours of the village and I’m always gratified by the enthusiastic response of guests to our architectural environment and the fine examples of the vernacular styles of the nineteenth century.
		They associated historic architectural styles with cultural values: the architecture of fifth-century B.C. Greece symbolized their democratic aspirations and the Gothic style of thirteenth-century Europe echoed their fascination with the picturesqueness of the Middle Ages.
	www4.colgate.edu /scene/sept1997/architecture.html (1552 words)

	Education World® - Arts & Humanities : Design : Architecture : Periods & Styles : Vernacular Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)*
		RCAHM Vernacular Architecture Outline of the Royal Commission for Ancient and Historic Monuments in Wales approach to the study of the traditional architecture of farmhouses, farmbuildings and cottages.
		Vernacular Architecture Forum For the study and preservation of vernacular architecture traditional domestic and agricultural buildings, industrial and commercial structures, twentiethcentury suburban houses, settlement patterns and cultural landscapes.
		Vernacular Architecture of the Low Countries A page discussing how the use of wallties spread from the Low Countries in the late middle ages to Northern Europe and Dutch colonies in North America, Asia and Africa.
	db.education-world.com /perl/browse?cat_id=10417 (515 words)

	Teaching Vernacular Architecture at the George Washington University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The vernacular field has certainly seemed to benefit from the upsurge in interest in the study of American material culture so that as the visibility of everyday artifacts has improved within the scholarly community, so too has the standing of vernacular architecture.
		The Vernacular Architecture Forum (VAF), the learned society formed expressly to advance research on the topic, was founded at GW in 1979, and the university served as the site of the organization's first annual meeting.
		Vernacular architecture, and the methodical innovations fostered through the recent study of vernacular architecture, thus form integral aspects of the format.
	www.georgetown.edu /crossroads/vernarch.html (3045 words)

	Architecture and Identitiy Abstracts
		Describing a traditional architecture arising from a collective notion and shaped by external factors such as regional materials, climatic and geographical conditions and local rule-systems, it is an architecture not by the master builder, but by the “anonymous” craftsmen.
		Even though external factors forming this architecture can be of political or legal nature, the vernacular architecture is no political architecture, as no demagogical or ideological interest is involved, and can therefore be described as being apolitical.
		An “ethnization” of architecture is aimed at de-politicizing the architectural and urban intervention.
	www.tu-berlin.de /fak6/urban-management/arch-id/conference_abstracts_herz.htm (732 words)

	Vernacular Architecture - Oxford
		Largely ignored in architectural education, research and practice, associations with a backward past, underdevelopment and poverty prevail, and recognition of the achievements, experience and skills of the world’s vernacular builders remains limited.
		Discussing the value of vernacular traditions to such diverse fields as housing, conservation, sustainable development, disaster management and architectural design, the contributors argue that, in contrast to the persistent associations, there is still a lot that can be learned from the traditional knowledge, skills and expertise of the vernacular builders of the world.
		What is needed, they conclude, to raise the awareness of the value of vernacular architecture and to dismantle the stereotypes that continue to cling to it is a more processual, critical and forward-looking approach to vernacular research, education and practice.
	www.intbau.org /vernacularconference.htm (658 words)

	Traditional Neighborhood Design - Build a better place to live
		Four vernacular styles of architecture stand out: the easily recognized, simple wooden Cracker; the mellow, wooden Caribbean; the graceful masonry and stucco Mediterranean Revival; and the playful masonry and stucco Modern.
		The affinity among the aforementioned Florida vernacular architectures is clearly seen in their common ability to moderate the tropical climate, to define public space, to create a relationship to the street at human scale and to clearly establish an identity for the neighborhood.
		The architectural characteristics that distinguish this type are wood-frame construction, an elevated first floor, a large attached front porch, a revealed fireplace, horizontal wood siding in both the exterior and interior, double-hung vertical windows and a steep roof.
	www.tndhomes.com /phd05.htm (616 words)

	MALAY VERNACULAR ARCHITECTUREb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Through many decades, the Malay architecture has been influenced by Indonesian Bugis, riau and Java from the south; Siamese, British, Arab and Indian from the north; Portuguese, Dutch, Acheh, Minangkabau from the west; and Southern Chinese from the east.
		Malaysia is situated in the central part of the Southeast Asia, it is bordered by longitudes 100 degrees and 120 degrees east; and by Latitudes of the Equator and 7 degrees North.
		For example, zinc and clay tiles as substitutes for roofs made of leaves; brick and cement columns as replacements for timber stilts and ladder; glass for windows which were formerly open; and nails as alternatives for rattan and tree roots that tie joints together.
	www.hbp.usm.my /conservation/malayvernacular.htm (721 words)

	Green Home Building: Vernacular Architecture
		Vernacular Architecture in the 21st Century: Theory, Education and Practice by L. Asquith, 2006.
		The issues surrounding the function and meaning of vernacular architecture in the 21st century are complex and extensive.
		Taylor, an architectural designer, has filled this delightful book with remarkable drawings and sketches of building techniques gleaned from his travels; it is a feast for the eyes as well as the brain.
	www.greenhomebuilding.com /vernacular.htm (2321 words)

	Historic house glossary by Westwind Design, Richmond, Maine
		Vernacular (builder-designed) houses are simpler, usually having pilasters applied to the corners of the front facade, "supporting" the characteristic deep entablature that tops the walls.
		Some vernacular Greek Revival houses are oriented with a gable end facing the street, with the front entrance at one end of the facade (known as a "corner entrance").
		Vernacular styles usually stem from some more formal or academic style, with simplifications and adaptations; but their origins are still recognizable.
	www.westwinddesign.com /glossdes.htm (3882 words)

	Paul Oliver Encyclopedia of Vernacular Architecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		One of the most important events in the history of recent research into the wider horizons of architecture is doubtless the publication of Paul Oliver's "Encyclopedia of Vernacular Architecture of the World".
		This interdisciplinary "two in one" of 'vernacular architecture' and 'architectural ethnology' may explain the importance of this encyclopedia for architectural research.
		Evidently architectural 'theories' were greatly handicapped by this lack of knowledge and projected Euro-Western functionalistic rationalisms onto non EuroWestern cultures (architectural colonialism).
	www.home.worldcom.ch /~negenter/211Oliver_Vernacular.html (468 words)

	Classical and Vernacular
		Vernacular construction tends to meet the most pressing basic needs of a culture and a region in manners that are tied closely to climate and other local conditions.
		A living pattern language is essential to true vernacular construction by those not trained in architecture.
		Vernacular architecture meets an individual's basic human habitational needs, especially on a short-term basis.
	luciensteil.tripod.com /id15.html (612 words)

	Powell's Books - New Vernacular Architecture by Vicky Richardson
		New Vernacular Architecture displays 33 amazing case studies of buildings by leading architects whose aim was to reinterpret, rather than revive, the traditional forms and materials that are the hallmarks of vernacular architecture.
		Packed with more than 300 lush photographs, New Vernacular Architecture is the definitive reference for any reader who appreciates the power and beauty of unique structures.
		Vicky Richardson, who has a degree in architecture from the University of Westminster in London, is Deputy Editor of RIBA Journal and is a regular contributor to architectural journals.
	www.powells.com /cgi-bin/biblio?inkey=16-0823031993-0 (301 words)

	Vietnam travel and holidays - Vietnam's architecture
		Architecture in Vietnam is something of a hotchpotch of styles, but most constructions can be included in five main categories –; vernacular, Chinese, ethnic, colonial and modern.
		Vernacular Vietnamese buildings are distinctive- unlike most of the rest of Asia, they have a massive wooden framework, rather than the lightweight ‘stilt’ method used elsewhere.
		They are often built in a strange pastiche of French architecture with ornate balconies, cupolas and decorations fashioned in cement and concrete and painted in pastel colours.
	www.vietnam-holidays.co.uk /aboutvietnam/tarchitecture.htm (679 words)

	ArchitectureWeek - Culture - Zambian Vernacular - 2002.0807
		It seems ironic that the only new structures built in the vernacular styles are for the benefit of visitors and not the native people.
		My conviction is that people will build what they believe in, and I'm trying through my documentation to convince them that their vernacular structures are as structurally sound and beautiful as the more expensive modern applications.
		Jon Sojkowski attended the University of Kansas and is now an architectural intern living in Florida and continuing his research in vernacular architecture.
	www.architectureweek.com /2002/0807/culture_1-2.html (674 words)

	Sustainable Urban Housing in China - Findings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Chinese architecture today are in the midst of a profound transformation.
		Many of housing types in vernacular architecture, though centuries old, possess distinct characteristics of sustainability.
		The aim of the presentation is to give an overview for Chinese vernacular housing in the perspective of sustainable.
	chinahousing.mit.edu /english/china/vernacular/index.html (148 words)

	Atlas 6 \| Olivier Laude \| Chinese Rural Architecture
		The richly diverse vernacular architectural traditions of China are unrivaled in the world.
		China, a nation of 56 nationalities living in disparate natural landscapes with widely varying climatic conditions, is certainly more varied in its housing patterns than is the case in single nations such as the United States or even in comparison with multi-national Europe.
		China's folk architectural forms, even as they portray common elements, clearly reveal the broad range of solutions that humans are capable of in providing basic shelter and creating homes for their families.
	www.atlasmagazine.com /photo/laude6 (174 words)

	Sustainable Architecture: Eco Design and Landscaping, Urbanism
		Sustainable Architecture: Vernacular Architecture (natural building and eco design) and Environmental Design (green architecture, landscape, and urban design) Introduction/Disclaimer This is an archive of information about sustainable architecture: effective low cost houses, ecological planning, design, integrated architecture and landscaping for tropical, sub-tropical or temperate climates.
		Vernacular and environmental design methods and studios Sustainable Architecture Introduction "Imagine...the day when we will walk a site and simply absorb it.
		Architecture and building practices today are high cost, fatalistic solutions, that keep us trapped in what is typically done.
	www.aloha.net /~laumana (1647 words)

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