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Topic: Vespula

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	Florida Entomologist, v. 82, n. 4, p. 609
		Vespula maculifrons workers were captured in significant numbers in traps baited with acetic acid, isobutanol, and the combination of acetic acid and isobutanol, with the greatest captures in traps baited with the combination of acetic acid and isobutanol.
		Vespula germanica and V. crabro workers were captured in significant numbers only in traps baited with the combination of acetic acid and isobutanol.
		Vespula vulgaris is the only major North American pest species that is not yet documented to be attracted to the combination of acetic acid and isobutanol.
	www.fcla.edu /FlaEnt/fe82p609.htm (2848 words)

	Yellowjacket - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Yellowjackets are fl-and-yellow wasps of the genus Vespula or Dolichovespula (though some can be fl-and-white, the most notable of these being the bald-faced hornet, Dolichovespula maculata).
		They can be identified by their distinctive combination of fl-and-yellow color, small size (slightly larger than a bee), and entirely fl antennae.
		European yellowjackets (the German wasp, Vespula germanica and the common wasp, Vespula vulgaris) were originally native to Europe, but are now established in North America, southern Africa, New Zealand, and eastern Australia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yellowjacket (349 words)

	Urban Entomology [Ebeling Chap. 9 part 2] Pests Attacking Man and His Pets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The color patterns actually seen when examining the species of Vespula depicted in figures 226 and 227 will not always be exactly like those shown, but will tend to approximate them, at least to the extent that there should be little difficulty in identifying a wasp of any of the species represented.
		Polistes may be distinguished from Vespula by the presence of a distinct lobe on the hindwings and by the spindleshaped abdomen, which tapers at both ends and is never truncate at the base.
		As with Vespula, the nests of Polistes are begun in the spring by fertile, overwintering females.
	www.insects.ucr.edu /ebeling/ebel9-2.html (20627 words)

	Entomology - Yellowjacket wasp identification
		There are other Vespula species as well but they are not nearly as common in urban southern California, and they are not considered to be pests.
		Within the Vespula species, there are several groups, most notably, the Vespula rufa group and the Vespula vulgaris group.
		In contrast, the pestiferous wasps are members of the Vespula vulgaris group, which have nests with peak wasp population numbering in the several thousands and they continue their life cycle well into the late autumn.
	wasps.ucr.edu /waspid.html (1116 words)

	ImmunoCAP InVitroSight - Common wasp (Yellow jacket) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Among the Vespula species, Vespula vulgaris is the group of yellow jackets that is responsible for causing the greatest proportion of stings.
		Vespula spp cross-react to a high degree with Dolichovespula spp (Dolichovespula maculata, white-faced hornet, i2 and Dolichovespula arenaria, yellow hornet, i5) and Vespa spp (European hornet, i75), but to a lower degree with Polistes spp (Paper wasp, i4) and Apis mellifera (Honey bee, i1).
		Vespula spp cross-react to a high degree with Dolichovespula spp (Dolichovespula maculata, white-faced hornet, i2 and Dolichovespula arenaria, yellow hornet, i5) and Vespa spp (European hornet, i75) but to a lesser extent with Polistes spp (Paper wasp, i4) and Apis mellifera (Honey bee, i1) (1, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
	www.immunocapinvitrosight.com /templates/Allergens.asp?id=2053 (1199 words)

	Hornets-Literature!
		Archer, M. A revision of the subgenus Rugovespula nov. of the genus Vespula (Hymenoptera, Vespidae).
		Fordham, R. A., Craven, A. J., Minot, E. 1991: Phenology and population structure of annual nests of the German wasp Vespula germanica (Fab.) in Manawatu, New Zealand, with particular reference to late summer and autumn.
		Harris, R. 1991: Diet of the wasps Vespula vulgaris and V. germanica in honeydew beech forest of the South Island, New Zealand.
	www.vespa-crabro.de /literature.htm (2023 words)

	Hornets and Yellowjackets, Vespula and Dolichovespula spp. (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae)
		Vespula maculifrons: This yellowjacket is found in eastern North America.
		Vespula squamosa: This yellowjacket is found in the eastern United States and parts of Mexico and Central America.
		Permission is granted to others to use these materials in part or in full for educational purposes, provided that full credit is given to the UF/IFAS, citing the publication, its source, and date of publication.
	edis.ifas.ufl.edu /BODY_IN238 (1275 words)

	issg Database: References for Vespula vulgaris
		Fordham, R. A., Craven, A. and Minot, E. Phenology and population structure of annual nests of the German wasp Vespula germanica (Fab.) in Manawatu, New Zealand, with particular reference to late summer and autumn.
		Harris, R. and Oliver, E. Prey diets and population densities of the wasps Vespula vulgaris and V. germanica in scrubland-pasture.
		Toft, R. J., Malham, J. and Beggs, J. Mortality and emergence pattern of over-wintering cocoons of the wasp parasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum vesparum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in New Zealand.
	www.issg.org /database/species/references.asp?si=67&fr=1&sts= (1626 words)

	About Bugs - Wasps and Bees
		A small fl wasp about ¾ inch-in length with yellow or white markings, the yellow jacket usually nests in a hole in the ground, excavated first by the founding queen and later enlarged steadily by workers.
		A robust ¾-inch fl wasp of the genus Vespula, with yellow or white markings, its nest consists of several to many tiers of hexagonal paper cells, all enclosed in a papery envelope.
		Usually built in the open, the nest is attached to branches, under a porch or beneath any projecting surface.
	www.aboutbugsbugsbugs.com /wasps/types.htm (327 words)

	ImmunoCAP InVitroSight - European hornet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Allergic reactions may be caused either by direct sensitization by previous V. crabro stings or by cross-reactions with Vespula Yellow jacket venom and probably also with Dolichovespula hornet venom.
		The major proteins in Vespa crabro; phospholipase A and B, antigen 5 and hyaluronidase are structurally and antigenically related to those from other vespid wasps, especially Vespula yellow jackets (1).
		In a study in Spain (3) sensitivity to the European wasps Polistes dominulus and Vespula germanica was more dominant than to V. crabro.
	www.immunocapinvitrosight.com /templates/Allergens.asp?id=2055 (431 words)

	Yellowjacket Wasp Common Names
		There are tiny parasitic wasps no larger than a gnat, solitary thread-waisted wasps [picture] and social wasps with colonies that rival bee hives in complexity.
		A yellowjacket is a particular type of social wasp in one, or a few, genera such as the genus Vespula.
		Two closely related species Vespula vulgaris (common yellowjacket) and Vespula germanica (European or German yellowjacket) [picture of German yellowjacket] are probably the most frequently encountered "problem" yellowjackets worldwide.
	www.livingwithbugs.com /yel_name.html (392 words)

	German yellowjackets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Almost always has conspicuous free fl spots on the second abdominal segment, queens frequently have free fl spots from the second segment all the way to the tail end.
		Other info about this species: Vespula germanica may be the most widespread species of Vespula in the world.
		Its queens evidently have a habit of hibernating on ocean-going ships, for although it is native to mainland Europe it is found in the British Isles, Australia, New Zealand, and North America among other places.
	sphs.angeltowns.net /A_R_Wehrle/wasps/vgermanica.html (728 words)

	yellowjackets and hornets - Vespula - Dolichovespula
		Vespula maculifrons is found in eastern North America, while Vespula squamosais found in the eastern United States and parts of Mexico and Central America.
		Eastern yellowjacket, Vespula maculifrons (Buysson): Most reports of the eastern yellowjacket indicate subterranean nests, but aerial nests do occur.
		Southern yellowjacket, Vespula squamosa (Drury): As with V.
	creatures.ifas.ufl.edu /urban/occas/hornet_yellowjacket.htm (1262 words)

	Wasp publications
		Beggs, J.R., Alspach, P.A., Moller, H., Toft, R.J., Tilley, J.A.V. 1992: Impacts of the parasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum on colonies of the common wasp (Vespula vulgaris).
		Beggs, J.; Harris, R. 2002: [Abstract] The status of Vespula vulgaris as a conservation pest in Australasia.
		Glare, T.R., Harris, R.J., Donovan, B.J. Aspergillus flavus as a pathogen of wasps, Vespula spp., in New Zealand.
	www.landcareresearch.co.nz /research/biosecurity/stowaways/Wasps/publications.asp (2103 words)

	EIU-BioSci Personnel/Fritz_G.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Character dimorphism in two social forms of the Southern Yellowjacket, Vespula squamosa (Hymenoptera: Vespidae).
		"Relatedness and reproduction in polygyne nests of the yellowjacket, Vespula squamosa"
		"Reproductive implications of polygyny in the yellowjacket, Vespula squamosa."
	www.eiu.edu /~biology/personnel/fritz_g.htm (219 words)

	HoloNet Business \| Cease & Desist turns into Seek & Destroy
		Vespula, a 12-year old company, was in violation of several patent and copyright laws when it began unlicensed replication of carbonite-boron mid-gauge mining bits.
		The Commerce Guild responded by hiring bounty hunters from the House Salaktori guild, who destroyed the Vespula office complex and torched the west island-based manufacturing plants.
		The Kalindan Royal Constabulary is investigating to make sure the hunters acted within the boundaries of their operating licenses.
	www.holonetnews.com /54/business/1352_1.html (135 words)

	Wasp Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The third picture is of a queen fljacket, Vespula consobrina, a similar fl and white social wasp.
		The large fl and white wasp is a nest parasite, Dolichovespula arctica, which coerces the aerial yellowjackets into rearing her offspring as their own.
		Kean University's Forest Yellowjacket Page-These pictures are not of a forest yellowjacket, Vespula acadica (a rather uncommon species), but of a European paper wasp, Polistes dominulus.
	sphs.angeltowns.net /A_R_Wehrle/wasps/wasps.html (1337 words)

	Distribution of Social Wasps in New Zealand
		German wasps (Vespula germanica) arrived at the end of World War II and they had spread to the South Island 10 years later.
		Common wasps (Vespula vulgaris) became established in the 1970s.
		Clapperton, B.K., Tilley, J.A.V., Beggs, J.R., Moller, H. 1994: Changes in the distribution and proportions of Vespula vulgaris (L.) and Vespula germanica (Fab.) (Hymenoptera:Vespidae) between 1987 and 1990 in New Zealand.
	www.landcareresearch.co.nz /research/biosecurity/stowaways/wasps/distribution.asp (239 words)

	ARS \| Publication request: Trap Response of Michigan Social Wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) to the Feeding Attractants ...
		Technical Abstract: Nine Species of social wasps were captured in traps baited with acetic acid, isobutanol, heptyl butyrate and combinations of acetic acid and either isobutanol or heptyl butrate.
		Three yellowjacket species in the Vespula rufa species group were captured in traps (Vespula acadica (Sladen), Vespula consobrina (Saussure), Vespula vidua (Saussure)).
		Three yellowjacket species in the Vespula vulgaris species group were also captured in traps (Vespula vulgaris (L.), Vespula flavopilosa Jacobson, Vespula maculifrons (Buyyson)).
	www.ars.usda.gov /research/publications/publications.htm?SEQ_NO_115=131059&pf=1 (404 words)

	Vespula rufa (University of Paisley: Biodiversity Reference) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Warning: this species is not aggressive but, like other social wasps, it will sting in defence of its nest or if interfered with and, in sensitised individuals, this can lead to life-threatening anaphylactic shock.
		Vespula (four species: the Common Wasp, Vespula vulgaris; the German Wasp, V.
		Vespa crabro forms nests particularly in old, hollow tree trunks in ancient woodland, Dolichovespula species form hanging nests in trees and bushes (as featured in many cartoon films!), while Vespula species are predominantly ground nesting.
	www-biol.paisley.ac.uk /bioref/Animalia_inverts/Vespula_rufa.html (534 words)

	Southern yellowjacket
		The body is fl with yellow characteristic markings on the head, thorax and abdomen.
		Other common Texas "wasps" include: the eastern yellowjacket, Vespula maculifrons (Buysson) (generally found in eastern Texas), paper wasps (such as Polistes carolina), hornets (such as the baldfaced hornet, Dolichovespula maculata), the cicada killer wasp (Sphecius speciosus), and mud daubers (such as Chalybion californicus).
		Life Cycle: The colony is initiated by a single queen that survived the winter.
	insects.tamu.edu /fieldguide/cimg351.html (387 words)

	Common wasp - Vespula vulgaris: More Information - ARKive
		In insects, the three segments between the head and the abdomen, each of which has a pair of legs.
		Matthews, R. W., Goodisman, M.A.D., Austin, A.D. and Bashford, R. (2000) The introduced English wasp Vespula vulgaris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) newly recorded invading native forests in Tasmania.
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	www.arkive.org /species/ARK/invertebrates_terrestrial_and_freshwater/Vespula_vulgaris/more_info.html (743 words)

	Vespula vulgaris (Linnaeus) (Common Wasp)
		Vespula vulgaris may be covered by literature listed under:
		Fannia coracina - a lesser house fly (Diptera: Fanniidae)
		Vespula vulgaris may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level
	www.bioimages.org.uk /html/T826.HTM (81 words)

	Vespula (a genus of wasps)
		Vespula may be covered by literature listed under:
		Fannia scalaris - a lesser house fly (Diptera: Fanniidae)
		Vespula may be associated with more taxa listed at higher taxonomic level
	www.bioimages.org.uk /html/T6234.HTM (49 words)

	M5280 Mastoparan Vespula lewisii ≥97% (HPLC), powder
		Hirai, Y., et al., A new mast cell degranulating peptide "mastoparan" in the venom of Vespula lewisii.
		Use of this web site constitutes your acceptance of the Site Use Terms
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	www.sigmaaldrich.com /catalog/search/ProductDetail?ProdNo=M5280&Brand=SIGMA (53 words)

	Living Wilderness - Bald-Faced Hornets' Nest (Vespula maculata) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Living Wilderness - Bald-Faced Hornets' Nest (Vespula maculata)
		Countless bald-faced hornets (Vespula maculata) built this basketball-sized nest under a maple tree branch.
		The hornets, which can sting, commonly build their nests near gardens or forest edges.
	www.livingwilderness.com /wildlife/hornets-nest.html (36 words)

	Vespula - Dictionnaire Français-Anglais WordReference.com
		We found no English translation for 'Vespula' in our French to English Dictionary.
		Or did you want to translate 'Vespula' from English to French?
		Forum discussions with the word(s) 'Vespula' in the title:
	www.wordreference.com /fren/Vespula (49 words)

	Species Vespula squamosa - Southern Yellowjacket - BugGuide.Net
		Species Vespula squamosa - Southern Yellowjacket - BugGuide.Net
		Home » Guide » Arthropods (Arthropoda) »; Hexapods (Hexapoda) »; Insects (Insecta) »; Winged Insects (Pterygota) »; Ants, Bees, Wasps and Sawflies (Hymenoptera) »; Ants, Bees and Wasps (Apocrita) »; Wasps »; True Wasps (Vespidae) »; Hornets and Yellowjackets (Vespinae) » Vespula » Southern Yellowjacket (Vespula squamosa)
		Contributed by Hannah Nendick-Mason on 17 September, 2004 - 2:28pm
	bugguide.net /node/view/7097 (149 words)

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