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Topic: Vicksburg Campaign

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	Battle of Vicksburg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Vicksburg or Siege of Vicksburg was the final significant battle in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War.
		Robert E. Lee had remarked that the Mississippi climate in June would be sufficient to defeat the Union attack and he resisted calls to ride to the city's rescue from the Eastern Theater; his Army of Northern Virginia instead invaded the North in the Gettysburg Campaign with the partial objective of relieving pressure on Vicksburg.
		Although there was more action to come in the Vicksburg Campaign, the fortress city had fallen and, with the capture of Port Hudson on July 8, the Mississippi River was firmly in Union hands and the Confederacy split in two.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Vicksburg (1846 words)

	Vicksburg: The Campaign That Opened the Mississippi, by Michael B. Ballard. Preface. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		My serious exploration of the Vicksburg campaign dates back to the 1960s, when I began reading the works of Edwin C. Bearss, who for a time was the Park historian, before moving on to become chief historian of the National Park Service.
		My attachment to historic Vicksburg and my endless fascination with the epic campaign that defined the course of the Civil War's Western Theater led me in later years to write a biography of John Pemberton, Confederate commander of the district that encompassed Vicksburg from November 1862 to the surrender on July 4, 1863.
		Campaigns and battles do not occur in a vacuum; by their very nature, their effects are widespread and profound.
	uncpress.unc.edu /chapters/ballard_vicksburg.html (1370 words)

	AllRefer.com - Vicksburg campaign (U.S. History) - Encyclopedia
		Vicksburg campaign, in the American Civil War, the fighting (Nov., 1862–July, 1863) for control of the Mississippi River.
		Early in Nov., 1862, Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, commanding the Dept. of the Tennessee, planned a converging assault on Vicksburg; Gen. William T. Sherman led an expedition down the river from Memphis to attack the city from the north, while Grant himself advanced overland from the east.
		On the night of Apr. 16–17, David Dixon Porter ran gunboats and transports down the river past Vicksburg, and in the following days Grant marched his army south to meet the fleet and be transported across the river at Bruinsburg (c.30 mi/48 km S of Vicksburg).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/V/Vickscamp.html (565 words)

	General Grant's Description of the Vicksburg Campaign (chapter 30) from his Memoirs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		By capturing Vicksburg he not only opened the Mississippi River to Federal navigation through its entire length, but split the Confederacy assunder, cutting off communications between that part which lay to the East of the great river with that part which lay to the West of it.
		Vicksburg was the only channel, at the time of the events of which this chapter treats, connecting the parts of the Confederacy divided by the Mississippi.
		The campaign against Vicksburg commenced on the 2d of November as indicated in a dispatch to the general-in-chief in the following words: “I have commenced a movement on Grand Junction, with three divisions from Corinth and two from Bolivar.
	www.swcivilwar.com /GrantMemoirsVicksburg30.html (3407 words)

	Vicksburg Campaign -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The capture of Vicksburg would yield the North control of the entire course of the river, and thus enable it to isolate those Confederate states that lay west of the river from those in the east.
		Vicksburg was ideally suited for defensive purposes, however; it was situated on high bluffs along the river and was protected on the north by a maze of swampy bayous.
		Vicksburg's commander, General John C. Pemberton, led his forces out in an effort to link up with Johnston but met Grant moving westward and was forced to return to the city.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9075235 (1374 words)

	Vicksburg National Military Park (National Park Service)
		Vicksburg National Military Park was established by Congress on February 21, 1899, to commemorate one of the most decisive battles of the American Civil War, the campaign, siege and defense of Vicksburg.
		The Vicksburg campaign was waged from March 29 to July 4, 1863.
		It was known as "The Gibraltar of the Confederacy." Its surrender on July 4, 1863, coupled with the fall of Port Hudson, Louisiana, divided the South, and gave the North undisputed control of the Mississippi River.
	www.nps.gov /vick (250 words)

	The Vicksburg Campaign May 1863 American Civil War Maps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		As the siege progressed, Pemberton's 20,000-man garrison was reduced by disease and starvation, and the city's residents were forced to seek the refuge of caves and bombproofs in the surrounding hillsides, Hunger and daily bombardments by Grant's forces and Porter's gunboats compelled Pemberton to ask for surrender terms 3 July.
		His campaign, while often overlooked by the general public, is considered by some historians to be brilliant.
		In this highly readable treatment of the Vicksburg campaign, historian James R. Arnold,, makes the case that Grant's adroit military maneuvers were the equal of Napoleonic campaigns.
	www.americancivilwar.com /vicks.html (1410 words)

	Vicksburg Campaign
		In the north, Sherman's corps was in position opposite the Confederate left, extending from the river (at the present location of the national cemetery) to Graveyard Road.
		The surrender of Vicksburg and the simultaneous repulse of Lee's northern invasion at the Battle of Gettysburg marked the beginning of the end for the Southern Confederacy.
		From this position he was destined to direct the final campaigns of the war and to receive Lee's surrender at Appomattox.
	www.us-civilwar.com /vicksburg.htm (3208 words)

	Vicksburg During the Civil War: A Campaign, A Siege (1862-1863)
		Maintaining control of Vicksburg was essential to the unity of the Confederate states.
		It was during this 47-day siege that the citizens of Vicksburg, while the city was under steady shelling, were forced to live in caves.
		The surrender of Vicksburg, to Union forces on July 4, 1863, indicated the beginning of the end of the Confederacy.
	teacherexchange.mde.k12.ms.us /MHNLP/vicksburglp.htm (943 words)

	Vicksburg campaign on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		VICKSBURG CAMPAIGN [Vicksburg campaign] in the American Civil War, the fighting (Nov., 1862-July, 1863) for control of the Mississippi River.
		On the night of Apr. 16-17, David Dixon Porter ran gunboats and transports down the river past Vicksburg, and in the following days Grant marched his army south to meet the fleet and be transported across the river at Bruinsburg (c.30 mi/48 km S of Vicksburg).
		Inside the state's memorial at Vicksburg, Mississippi, are the names of 36,325 soldiers from Illinois who participated in the campaign.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/V/Vickscamp.asp (855 words)

	Search Results for "Vicksburg" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Vicksburg campaign, in the American Civil War, the fighting (Nov., 1862-July, 1863) for control of the Mississippi River.
		Vicksburg (3 sq mi/7.8 sq km), National Military Park, Warren co., W Miss., 2 mi/3.2 km N and E of downtown Vicksburg.
		VICKSBURG was important to the enemy because it occupied the first high ground coming close to the river below Memphis.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?query=Vicksburg&db=db&cmd=context&id=38d481aa1f1 (306 words)

	Staff Ride Handbook for The Vicksburg Campaign, December 1862-July 1863
		By studying the Vicksburg campaign and visiting the places where it took shape, the military professional can gain a greater appreciation for operational art the conception, execution, and adjustment of a campaign plan.
		Part II consists of a campaign overview that establishes the context for the individual actions to be studied in the field.
		The ironclads' primary mission during the Vicksburg campaign was to silence Confederate fortified batteries ashore.
	www-cgsc.army.mil /carl/resources/csi/gabel5/gabel5.asp (17458 words)

	[No title]
		Vicksburg p.2 Davis, Ellsworth I. "Vicksburg, the Mississippi, and the U.S. Army." Mil Engr 55 (Jul/Aug 1963): pp.
		Vicksburg p.3 Reed, Samuel R. The Vicksburg Campaign, and the Battles About Chat- tanooga Under the Command of General U.S. Grant, in 1862-63; an Historical Review.
		"The Vicksburg Diversions." CW 8 (Mar/Apr 1990): pp.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/academic/history/marshall/military/mil_hist_inst/c/cw63c.asc (1320 words)

	The American Civil War Overview, Chapter VIII, The Vicksburg Campaign
		Vicksburg, a veritable fortress city, controlled the middle stretch of the Mississippi River.
		The first of the next five attempts was the effort to construct a canal across the tongue of land in front of Vicksburg to divert the river channel and bypass the city's artillery batteries.
		By the end of June, the constant pressure and lack of food was beginning to tell on the Vicksburg defenders.
	www.civilwarhome.com /vicksburg.htm (1464 words)

	General Grant's Description of the Vicksburg Campaign (chapter 39) from his Memoirs
		I fear your paroling the prisoners at Vicksburg without actual delivery to a proper agent as required by the seventh article of the cartel, may be construed into an absolute release, and that the men will immediately be placed in the ranks of the enemy.
		Men who thought a company was quite enough for them to command properly at the beginning, would have made good regimental or brigade commanders; most of the brigade commanders were equal to the command of a division, and one, Ransom, would have been equal to the command of a corps at least.
		The campaign of Vicksburg was suggested and developed by circumstances.
	www.swcivilwar.com /GrantMemoirsVicksburg39.html (1326 words)

	Vicksburg
		Vicksburg was important to the enemy because it occupied the first high ground coming close to the river before Memphis.
		Vicksburg was the only channel, at the time the only channel connecting the parts of the confederacy divided by the Mississippi.
		All the slightly wounded had been taken to Vicksburg as prisoners of war, and we were allowed to bring away only those that we found on the ground.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USACWvicksburg.htm (1153 words)

	Authentic Campaigner Website & Forums - "Plan for the Vicksburg Campaign" in Nat'l Trust News
		The campaign’s battlefields are divided by the Mississippi River, and lie along the river’s banks in the states of Louisiana and Mississippi.
		The Vicksburg Campaign was arguably the most decisive military event of the American Civil War.
		The campaign was critical to Major General Ulysses S. Grant’s career, ensuring his reputation as one of the great generals in US military history.
	www.authentic-campaigner.com /forum/showthread.php?t=3555 (666 words)

	Vicksburg: A Campaign, A Siege, and Women Who Endured (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Vicksburg was “the key,” as U. President Abraham Lincoln termed it, to the Union gaining control of the river.
		The effort of United States troops to capture Vicksburg took over a year, from the spring of 1862 to the summer of 1863, and it involved thousands of soldiers and caused much bloodshed.
		Vicksburg: Southern City Under Siege, William Lovelace Foster's Letter Describing the Defense and Surrender of the Confederate Fortress on the Mississippi.
	mshistory.k12.ms.us /features/feature51/vicksburg.htm (1863 words)

	Vicksburg Campaign II - 2001 Re-enactment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The Vicksburg Campaign II, a national scale reenactment, promises to surpass the 1998 Vicksburg Campaign.
		The 1998 Reenactment of the Battle of Raymond, the Battle of Jackson, and the battle of Champion Hill proved to be one of the most brilliant series of events ever held in the Town of Raymond.
		As was the case in 1998, a committee of state, county, and local officials; property owners, community leaders, battlefield preservationists, historians and reenactors are planning this project.
	www.raymondms.com /2001.htm (879 words)

	Amazon.com: The Beleaguered City : The Vicksburg Campaign, December 1862-July 1863 (Modern Library): Books: Shelby Foote (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		While the Vicksburg campaign, being (in my simple opinion, anyway) more of coup de grace than a turning point, lacks the supreme drama of the battle at Gettysburg (magnificently presented in Foote's "The Stars In Their Courses", over which I have raved elsewhere), it is an amazing story in its own right.
		The Vicksburg Campaign is a gripping story in its own right, the central dramatic thread of which is Union General U.S. Grant's struggle to capture the great Confederate citadel on the Mississippi.
		The Vicksburg campaign marks the coming of age of Grant as a mature senior leader, the kind of general who can plan, fight and win campaigns at the operational and strategic level.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0679601708?v=glance (1719 words)

	Reader's Companion to Military History - - Vicksburg, Campaign for (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Major General Ulysses S. Grant's Vicksburg campaign was one of the most successful examples of the operational art in the American Civil War.
		The Vicksburg campaign was one of the decisive events in the American Civil War.
		Coupled with the federal triumph at Gettysburg, the fall of Vicksburg revived flagging spirits in the North.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/mil/html/mh_055900_vicksburgcam.htm (272 words)

	Battle of vicksburg - On Vicksburg's globes and bloody ground / Battle of Vicksburg
		The battle at Vicksburg can be remembered aboard the tour through Vicksburg National Military Park, recreate this historical battle of the civil war.
		Battle of Vicksburg On Vicksburg's globes and bloody ground A wounded soldier lay, His thoughts were on his happy home, Some thousand miles away.
		At the end of one of the bloodiest battles of the Vicksburg Campaign, the Union prevailed.
	battle-of-vicksburg.getinfoeasy.com (259 words)

	Vicksburg Campaign -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		The capture of Vicksburg divided the Confederacy and proved the military genius of Union General Ulysses S. Grant.
		By the end of 1863, with Chattanooga, Tennessee, and Vicksburg, Mississippi, firmly under the control of the North, Atlanta, an important Confederate railroad, supply,...
		As long as Vicksburg was held by the South, Union vessels could not operate freely on the river.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9075235 (886 words)

	Amazon.com: Vicksburg Is the Key: The Struggle for the Mississippi River (Great Campaigns of the Civil War Series): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Vicksburg Is the Key: The Struggle for the Mississippi River tells the story of the series of campaigns the Union conducted on land and water to conquer Vicksburg and of the many efforts by the Confederates to break the siege of the fortress.
		William L. Shea and Terrence J. Winschel present the unfolding drama of the campaign in a clear and readable style, correct historic myths along the way, and examine the profound strategic effects of the eventual Union victory.
		In many respects this was a trial and error campaign; Grant found that it was almost impossible to attack Vicksburg from the north or west, and he decided to cross the Mississippi River south of Vicksburg and attack the city from the southeast or east.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0803242549?v=glance (1636 words)

	Battle Summary: Vicksburg, MS
		Ulysses S. Grant’s armies converged on Vicksburg, investing the city and entrapping a Confederate army under Lt. Gen.
		This was the culmination of one of the most brilliant military campaigns of the war.
		With the loss of Pemberton’s army and this vital stronghold on the Mississippi, the Confederacy was effectively split in half.
	www.cr.nps.gov /hps/abpp/battles/ms011.htm (146 words)

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