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Topic: Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia

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	SARDINIA, KINGDOM OF,
		By the Treaty of London (1720) Austria ceded the island of Sardinia to the house of Savoy, and the duke of Savoy adopted the title king of Sardinia.
		In 1734 King Charles Emmanuel III (1701–73) acquired Novara and Tortona for Sardinia and, in 1748, Vigevaresco.
		Sardinia exercised vital leadership for Italians during the Risorgimento, the movement for Italian unity and independence.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=221618 (528 words)

	Sardinia
		Sardinia, moreover, was abandoned to its fate by the Byzantines more than the peninsula, and consequently the tradition which dates in the sixth century the origin of the three (later four) judicatures, into which the island was later divided, may have a historical foundation.
		The charter of Eleanora was adopted as a Constitution; and the King of Aragon swore in the presence of the Sardinian deputies to observe it.
		Charles Emmanuel withdrew to Sardinia; and in 1802 abdicated in favour of his brother Victor Emmanuel I (1802-21), who in 1814 was returned to Turin and saw his dominions increased by the inclusion of Genoa.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/s/sardinia.html (4021 words)

	SEVENTEENTH GENERATION
		King Victor Amadeus III of SARDINIA was born in 1726 in Savoy.
		Carlo Felice of SARDINIA Duke of Savoy was born in 1756 in Sardinia - son of Victor Amadeus III.
		Victor Emmanuel I of SARDINIA Duke of Aosta and Savoy.
	home.att.net /~hamiltonclan/hamilton/gilbert/d10095.htm (119 words)

	Victor Emmanuel I - Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Victor Emmanuel I. Victor Emmanuel I (July 24, 1759 – January 10, 1824) was the; Duke of Savoy, Piedmont, and Aosta, and King of Sardinia from 1802 to 1821.
		The second son of King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia, Victor Emmanuel was known from birth as the Duke of Aosta.
		Victor Emmanuel abolished all the freedoms granted by the Napoleonic Codices and restored a fiercely oppressive rule: he refused any concession of a constitution, entrusted the istruction to the Church and reintroduced the persecutions against Jews and Waldensians.
	victor-emmanuel-i.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Victor_Emmanuel_I (645 words)

	Victor Emmanuel II — FactMonster.com
		Plebiscites in Naples and Sicily and in the Marches and Umbria (two provinces of the Papal States) favored union with Sardinia, and in 1861 the kingdom of Italy was proclaimed with Victor Emmanuel as king.
		The remainder of Victor Emmanuel's reign was spent in the consolidation of the new kingdom.
		Humbert I - Humbert I Humbert I, 1844–1900, king of Italy (1878–1900), son and successor of Victor...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0850810.html (439 words)

	Victor Emmanuel II - Search View - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Victor Emmanuel II Victor Emmanuel II (1820-1878), king of Sardinia (1849-1861) and king of Italy (1861-1878), born on March 14, 1820, in Turin.
		Victor Emmanuel strongly supported the movement towards national unity that was growing in Italy at this time.
		The central Italian states accepted him as their king, and after the Italian patriot Giuseppe Garibaldi captured the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies from the French in 1860-1861, Victor Emmanuel was master of the entire peninsula, with the exception of Venetia, still held by the Austrians, and the Papal States.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /text_761571148__1/Victor_Emmanuel_II.html (344 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Sardinia
		Sardinia had a viceroy and a parliament composed of the three orders: barons, clergy, and the commons meeting separately and communicating among themselves by means of deputies.
		Sardinia, the Duchies of Savoy, Aosta, and Monferrato, the Principality of Piedmont, the Marquisate of
		Victor Emmanuel I (1802-21), who in 1814 was returned to Turin and saw his dominions increased by the inclusion of Genoa.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13473b.htm (3808 words)

	Victor Emmanuel II of Italy - Japan
		Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 – January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia from 1849 to 1861.
		Victor Emmanuel was born in Turin, the; eldest son of Charles Albert, King of Sardinia, and Mary Therese of Hapsburg-Lorraine.
		Victor Emmanuel was immediatebly able to obtain a rather favourable armistice at Vignale by the Austrian commander, Radetzky.
	victor-emmanuel-ii-of-italy.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy (1413 words)

	Search Results for "Sardinia"
		Sardinia, kingdom of, name given to the possessions of the house of Savoy (see Savoy, house of) in 1720, when the island of Sardinia was awarded (by the Treaty of...
		Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia became the first king of Italy...
		Sardinia Italian island in the Mediterranean Sea west of the mainland of Italy.
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Sardinia (304 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia
		Victor Emmanuel I (July 24, 1759–January 10, 1824) was the Duke of Savoy, Piedmont, and Aosta, and King of Sardinia from 1802 to 1821.
		The second son of King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia, Victor Emmanuel was known from birth as the Duke of Aosta.
		Until 1814, when he was able to return to Turin, he was forced to live in Sardinia, which was the only part of his domains that had not been conquered by the French.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_I_of_Sardinia (296 words)

	Victor Emmanuel II of Italy Summary
		The son of Charles Albert, Prince of Savoy-Carignano, Victor Emmanuel was born at Turin on March 14, 1820.
		Victor Emmanuel II (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 – January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia from 1849–1861.
		Cito Emmanuel II was also excommunicated from the Roman Catholic faith after the Italian army attacked Rome and forced Pope Pius IX to retreat and from Vatican City.
	www.bookrags.com /Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy (1614 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sardinia, kingdom of (Italian History) - Encyclopedia
		Besides Sardinia, the kingdom included Savoy, Piedmont, and Nice; Liguria, including Genoa, was added by the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
		After the annexation (1861) of the Two Sicilies, Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed king of Italy.
		Although the name of the kingdom of Sardinia was derived from the island, Turin was its capital except from 1799 to 1814, when the mainland territories were annexed by France.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Sardnkng.html (273 words)

	Victor Amadeus II: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		Victor Amadeus in 1720 abandoned his claim to Sicily in exchange for the island of Sardinia and became king of Sardinia.
		VICTOR AMADEUS II am de s, 1666 1732...father, Charles Emmanuel II, as duke of Savoy, he overthrew...the siege of Turin after Victor Amadeus and his cousin, Eugene of...formed and humbled Spain.
		...Sardinia was awarded (by the Treaty of London) to Duke Victor Amadeus II of Savoy to compensate him for the loss of Sicily...After the annexation (1861) of the Two Sicilies, Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed king of Italy.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/victor_amadeus_ii.jsp (1509 words)

	Victor Emmanuel II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele II; March 14, 1820 – January 9, 1878) was the King of Piedmont, Savoy, and Sardinia from 1849–1861.
		Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy became Victor Emmanuel II of Italy.
		Victor Emmanuel II was excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church after the Italian army attacked Rome in 1870 and forced Pope Pius IX to retreat into Vatican City, a moment that marked the end of temporal papal power.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Italy (779 words)

	Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He succeeded his brother, Charles Emmanuel IV, as King of Sardinia upon the latter's abdication in 1802.
		Coat of Arms of the Kings of Sardinia of the House of Savoy after 1815.
		In 1814 he returned to a reconstituted realm in Piedmont and Savoy, to which had been added the territories of the former Republic of Genoa.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_I_of_Sardinia (298 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Risorgimento
		Sardinia assumed the leadership of the Risorgimento in 1848 when the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom rose against Austrian rule and King Charles Albert intervened in favor of the rebels.
		The liberal movement gradually coalesced around Victor Emmanuel II and the policies of his minister Camillo Benso di Cavour.
		The spectacular conquest of the Two Sicilies (1860) by Giuseppe Garibaldi was followed by Sardinia's annexation of Umbria and the Marches.
	www.reference.com /browse/columbia/Risorgim (763 words)

	Timeline Sardinia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		1759 Jul 24, Victor Emmanuel I, King of Sardinia (1802-21), was born.
		1820 Mar 14, Victor Emmanuel II, King of Sardinia (1849-61) and Italy (1861-78), was born.
		She was chosen by her cousin Camillo Cavour, prime minister of Sardinia under King Victor Emanuel, to win the emperor’s support for a war against the Austrians.
	timelines.ws /countries/SARDINIA.HTML (219 words)

	Charles Albert of Sardinia Summary
		Born on Oct. 12, 1798, Charles Albert was the son of Prince Charles of Savoy-Carignano and Princess Albertine of Saxe-Courland, and the cousin of the Piedmontese king Charles Emmanuel IV.
		In 1802 Charles Emmanuel abdicated in favor of his brother Victor Emmanuel I. On Napoleon's defeat in 1814, the family returned to Turin, the capital of Piedmont, where Charles Albert was given rigorous training to prepare him for the throne.
		Forced to accept bitter terms from the victors, Charles Albert believed he could be of no further help to his country and abdicated in favor of his son Victor Emmanuel II.
	www.bookrags.com /Charles_Albert_of_Sardinia (911 words)

	VICTOR EMMANUEL II OF SARDINIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		When the Island of Sardinia was granted to Piedmont in 1720 a new conflict arose, as the pope claimed to be the sovereign of the island
		By two conventions made in 1741 the King of Sardinia was granted the Apostolic vicariate for the papal fiefs on condition of paying a quit-rent, and the questions of the, the revenues of during vacancy, and the administration of these vacant were adjusted
		She was the daughter of King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and, through the usual confusing web of European royal intermarriages, was third in line to the English throne
	www.webalice.it /design_2000/Victor_Emmanuel_II_of_Sardinia.html (1364 words)

	Columbia Encyclopedia - Villafranca di Verona - AOL Research & Learn
		In 1859, Napoleon III and Emperor Francis Joseph of Austria met there after the Austrian defeats at Magenta and Solferino and signed a preliminary peace treaty, which was formalized the same year by the Treaty of Zürich.
		Sardinia ignored the last two clauses; to obtain Napoleon's consent for this course, Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia ceded Nice and Menton to France (1860).
		The exclusion of Sardinia from the Treaty of Villafranca, an act that nearly deprived Victor Emmanuel of his leading role in the Risorgimento, was deeply resented throughout Italy and greatly harmed Franco-Italian relations.
	reference.aol.com /columbia/_a/villafranca-di-verona/20051207165509990011 (172 words)

	Italian WW1, medals and awards
		Established by King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia in 1815.
		This medal was instituted in March 1833 by King Albert of Sardinia in three classes : gold, silver and bronze and was meant for award to army and navy personnel.
		This bronze cross was instituted by King Victor Emanuel III on 19 January 1918 and was also awarded to those who, wounded in combat, were given the Medal of the Wounded or to those who, mentioned for war merit, received a promotion.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-medals/italian1.htm (846 words)

	XI: Italy a Nation at Last Page 2
		A vote was taken all over the southern half of Italy and Sicily, to decide whether the people wanted to join their brothers of the north to make a new kingdom of Italy.
		Victor Emmanuel, king of Sardinia, thus became the first king of United Italy.
		Italy was again one country, ruled by the popular Victor Emmanuel, with a constitution which gave the people the right to elect representatives to a parliament or congress.
	www.web-books.com /classics/Nonfiction/History/EuropeMap/EuropeMapC12P2.htm (518 words)

	kingdom of Sardinia - Encyclopedia.com
		Sardinia, kingdom of name given to the possessions of the house of Savoy (see Savoy, house of) in 1720, when the island of Sardinia was awarded (by the Treaty of London) to Duke Victor Amadeus II of Savoy to compensate him for the loss of Sicily to Austria.
		Besides Sardinia, the kingdom included Savoy, Piedmont, and Nice ; Liguria, including Genoa, was added by the Congress of Vienna in 1815.
		Victor Hazan cooks up a tribute to a culinary destination that's not to be missed.(Restaurant Review)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Sardnkng.html (533 words)

	The Infanta Alicia of Spain
		She is the senior co-heir general of Princess Maria Theresa, fourth daughter of King Victor (King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia).
		At his death in 1824 King Victor was succeeded in his British rights by his eldest daughter, Queen Mary III and II (Duchess Maria Beatrice of Modena).
		None of these individuals have ever made any claim to be heirs to their ancestor King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia in respect to his British rights.
	www.jacobite.ca /essays/alicia.htm (655 words)

	Victor Emmanuel II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Victor Emanuel II VICTOR EMMANUEL II (1820-1878) First king (1861-1878) of united Italy and last king of Piedmont-Sardinia (1849-1861).
		Victor Emmanuel succeeded his father Charles Albert to the throne of Piedmont-Sardinia on March 24, 1849, following the abdication of Charles Albert after two humiliating defeats (1848 and 1849) by Austria.
		Under the guidance of two able prime ministers Massimo d'Azeglio and then Camillo Benso di Cavour, both veterans of the 1848-49 turmoils, Victor Emmanuel successfully met various crises in the early years of his reign.
	cscwww.cats.ohiou.edu /~Chastain/rz/victorem.htm (350 words)

	To Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia (Heroes Of Valhalla) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Sardinia is in a state of great poverty, and is almost in a state of bankrupcy.
		You and your ministers shall still be of course, the administrators of Sardinia.
		Victor Emmanuel, in the most graceful diplomatic language available, politely declines the Spanish offer.
	s14.invisionfree.com /Heroes_of_Valhalla/ar/t214.htm (171 words)

	Victor Emmanuel Monument, Rome
		The enormous white marble monument at the Piazza Venezia was built as a tribute to the first King of a united Italy, Victor Emmanuel II.
		As King of Sardinia Victor Emmanuel had become a symbol of the movement for a united Italy.
		Not the most beautiful structure in Rome, the Victor Emmanuel monument has been given nicknames such as 'typewriter' and 'wedding cake'.
	www.aviewoncities.com /rome/victoremmanuelmonument.htm (266 words)

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