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	Victor Grignard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		FranÃ§ois Auguste Victor Grignard (born in Cherbourg, May 6 1871, died in Lyon, December 13 1935) was a Nobel Prize -winning France Chemist.
		Grignard was the son of a sail maker.
		Synthesis of the Grignard reagent : an organomagnesium compound (the Grignard reagent) is made reacting an organohalide (R-X, where R stands for some Alkyl, Acyl, or Aryl Radical (chemistry) and X is a Halogen such as usually Bromine or Iodine) with Magnesium metal dissolved in ethyl Ether.
	www.carolinamaps.net /search/Victor_Grignard.html (298 words)

	Grignard reagent (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A Grignard Reagent is an alkyl- or aryl- magnesium halide.
		Victor Grignard, of the University of Lyons, won the 1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery of Grignard reagents.
		Grignard reagents are formed by reacting alkyl or aryl halides with organomagnesium metal, conferring a negative charge on the terminal carbon, a rare occurrence.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/G/Grignard-reagent.htm (434 words)

	AllRefer.com - Grignard reagent (Organic Chemistry) - Encyclopedia
		Chemically, a Grignard reagent is an organic magnesium halide dissolved in a nonreactive solvent (typically dry ethyl ether).
		Because Grignard reagents are so unstable, they are generally prepared just before use by reacting an organic halide, e.g., methyl iodide, with magnesium metal in a completely dry solvent; air is usually excluded from the reaction vessel, e.g., by flushing it with nitrogen.
		Grignard reagents are named after Victor Grignard, a French chemist, who received a Nobel Prize (1912) for their discovery.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/G/Grignard-r.html (294 words)

	Victor Grignard - Biography
		François Auguste Victor Grignard was born in Cherbourg on May 6, 1871.
		Grignard and his classmates were transferred to other establishments in order to finish the entitlement of their scholarships and Grignard himself had the good fortune to join the University of Lyons, where he was attached to the Faculté des Sciences.
		Grignard was the author of some 170 publications on his researches and, at his death, he was working to fulfil his ambition to see a great chemical reference work in the French language.
	nobelprize.org /chemistry/laureates/1912/grignard-bio.html (917 words)

	François Auguste Victor Grignard Biography / Biography of François Auguste Victor Grignard History of ...
		Grignard's complete thesis was published by the University of Lyons in 1901, and several articles describing the process and its applications rapidly appeared in major chemistry journals.
		Grignard remained at Nancy for nearly a decade, and his research continued to focus on organomagnesium compounds and their reactions with a wide array of other chemical species.
		Grignard's legacy includes 170 publications and a host of honors and awards for his work, including honorary doctoral degrees from the universities of Louvain and Brussels, and the title of Commander of the Legion of Honor.
	www.bookrags.com /biography-francois-auguste-victor-grignard-wsd (864 words)

	Grignard Reagents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Grignard reagents, or organomagnesium halides (R-Mg-X), were discovered by a french chemist named François Auguste Victor Grignard (usually known as Victor Grignard).
		Grignard was working for his doctoral degree at Lyon and was trying to find a process for methylation when he discovered this process of organomagnesium halides.
		Grignard reagents are represented by R-Mg-X, with R a carbon chain, Mg magnesium, and X a halide, either iodine, bromine, or chlorine.
	cec.wustl.edu /~jal1/academic/grignard.html (334 words)

	Preparation of Phenylmagnesium Bromide
		The Grignard reagent is prepared by reacting magnesium metal with an alkyl or aryl halide, using an ether as solvent, equation 1.
		Grignard reagents exist in a rapid equilibrium with dialkyl- or diarylmagnesium and the corresponding magnesium halide, equation 2.
		The Grignard reagent is a strong base; it will remove protons from materials that are more acidic than alkanes or alkenes, i.e., water, alcohols, terminal alkynes, amines, etc. Thus, it is imperative that the bromobenzene and ether be rigorously dried (Na) prior to use.
	www.bradley.edu /las/chm/Course/351/Grignardweb2.htm (1190 words)

	Exp 7: Theoretical Background (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		French mathematician-chemist Victor Grignard discovered a new class of organometallic compounds, commonly known as Grignard reagents, which are carbons bonded to a metal, for example magnesium.
		Grignard reagents decompose in the presence of water and oxygen.
		To prevent these undesired reactions, Grignard reagents are prepared under anhydrous conditions from aryl or alkyl halides and magnesium in the presence of an ether.
	www.chem.ualberta.ca /~orglabs/x63web/frames/exp07/fr_exp7_insight.html (124 words)

	EN FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		#Synthesis of the Grignard_reagent: an organomagnesium compound (the ''Grignard reagent'') is made reacting an organohalide (R-X, where R stands for some alkyl, acyl, or aryl radical and X is a halogen such as usually bromine or iodine) with magnesium metal dissolved in ethyl ether.
		The resulting compound, named a Grignard reagent, has the general chemical formula R-Mg-X. Attack on the carbonyl: A ketone or an aldehyde (both contain a carbonyl group) is added to the solution containing the Grignard reagent.
		For this work, Grignard was awarded the Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry in 1912.
	www.marlinmall.com /:en:Victor_Grignard (273 words)

	Grignard, Victor
		It was Barbier who had Grignard repeat some experiments on the preparation of a tertiary alcohol from a mixture of methyl heptyl ketone, magnesium, and methyl iodide.
		Grignard hit upon the idea of treating the iodide with the magnesium first and carried out the reaction in ether.
		Grignard's doctoral dissertation (1901) described the preparation of alcohols, acids, and hydrocarbons by means of reactions of organomagnesium compounds.
	www.britannica.com /nobel/micro/247_60.html (180 words)

	Grignard, François Auguste-Victor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In 1900 he discovered a series of organic compounds, the Grignard reagents, that found applications as some of the most versatile reagents in organic synthesis.
		Grignard was born in Cherbourg and studied at Lyon.
		Grignard reagents added to formaldehyde (methanal) produce a primary alcohol; with any other aldehyde they form secondary alcohols, and added to ketones give rise to tertiary alcohols.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/G/Grignard/1.html (129 words)

	Azeocryst Organics Pvt. Ltd., Manufactures of Grignard Reagents, India. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Grignard Reagents are used as "building blocks" in various areas of chemistry.
		Since then Grignard Chemistry has dramatically changed the theory and practice of chemistry and the understanding of bonding and reaction mechanisms.
		We are the only manufactures of entire region of Grignard reagents in India.
	www.azeocryst.com (95 words)

	Canadian Chemical News: Victor Grignard Ancestor of Organic Synthesis: Victor Grignard was a brilliant French chemist ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Canadian Chemical News: Victor Grignard Ancestor of Organic Synthesis: Victor Grignard was a brilliant French chemist who became famous at age 29 for the discovery of the organomagnesium halides and their versatility in chemical synthesis.
		Francois Auguste Victor Grignard was born in Cherbourg, France on May 6, 1871.
		The young Grignard attended the local Ecole primaire and then the College de Cherbourg, which became a Lycee during his time there.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:80503688&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf&COOKIE=NO (300 words)

	Victor Grignard Winner of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
		Victor Grignard Winner of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
		Victor Grignard (1871 - 1935) (submitted by Jackson)
		Victor Grignard-The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (submitted by Jasika)
	almaz.com /nobel/chemistry/1912a.html (114 words)

	Search Results for "Victor"
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	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Victor Cousin
		Cousin, Victor (1792-1867), French philosopher and educator, regarded as the founder of the modern philosophical school of eclecticism.
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		The modern school of eclectic philosophy arose in France during the 19th century; its most distinguished figure was Victor Cousin, who tried to unite...
	encarta.msn.com /Victor_Cousin.html (159 words)

	Victor Grignard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Victor Grignard had a strange start in academic life for a chemist - he took a maths degree.
		Grignard reagents were first reported in 1900 and Grignard used this work for his doctoral thesis in 1901.
		In 1910, Grignard obtained a professorship at the University of Nancy and in 1912 was awarded the Nobel prize for chemistry which he shared with Paul Sabatier who had made advances in Nickel catalysed hydrogenation.
	orac.sunderland.ac.uk /~hs0bcl/h_vg.htm (141 words)

	Reactions of The Organometallics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Victor Grignard discovered Grignard reagents in 1912 and won a noble prize for this discovery.
		It was not until the discovery of Grignard reagents in 1900 that the term organometallics was used for compounds containing direct carbon-metal bonds.
		In 1898 Victor Grignard was a student under Philippe Barbier at Lyon University.
	www.chem.shef.ac.uk /chm131-2002/cha02gmc/history.html (182 words)

	Spectroscopy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Francois Auguste Victor Grignard, born May 6, 1871, discovered organomagnesium halides (now referred to as Grignard reagents) accidentally while he was searching for an efficient catalyst for methylation.
		Their son, Roger, followed in his father's footsteps by entering the world of academia and studied in the field of organic chemistry.
		Grignard was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1912.
	www.brynmawr.edu /Acads/Chem/mnerzsto/Marshall-Grignard.html (82 words)

	Grignard, François Auguste Victor
		Grignard obtained at the faculty of Lyon a licence in mathematics (1894).
		In the general chemistry laboratory of the Sciences Faculty in Lyon he was able to prepare the so called organomagnesium halides for the synthesis of new organic compounds.
		The usefulness of the device was such that in 1910 he received a professorship in chemistry at the University of Nancy and of Lyon in 1919.
	www.euchems.org /Distinguished/20thCentury/grignard.asp (110 words)

	Grignard, Victor on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		He shared the 1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work in organic synthesis based on his discovery (1900) of the Grignard reagent.
		He taught at the Univ. of Nancy (1909-19) and at the Univ. of Lyons (from 1919).
		Victor Grignard Ancestor of Organic Synthesis: Victor Grignard was a brilliant French chemist who became famous at age 29 for the discovery of the organomagnesium halides and their versatility in chemical synthesis....
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/g/grignardv1.asp (193 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Grignard reagent is formed by the reaction of an alkyl halide with magnesium metal in an ether solvent, most often diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran.
		The alkyl portion of the Grignard reagent behaves as a carbanion.
		In the second step of the Grignard reaction, the carbanion reacts as a nucleophile, attacking the electropositive carbon of a carbonyl.
	www.coloradocollege.edu /dept/ch/ch250/Laboratory/grignard.2.doc (1338 words)

	Grignard Synthesis of Benzoic Acid
		Below is my rendition of a 'Grignard clock' which summarizes some of the more important molecular transformations that can be realized by reacting phenylmagnesiumbromide with the appropriate reagents.
		Grignard reagents are so reactive that low yields and/or mixtures are often obtained unless the chemist is extremely careful in choosing the reaction conditions.
		Grignard reactions tend to be an excellent test of a student's laboratory technique.
	www2.volstate.edu /chem/2020/Labs/Grignard.htm (1308 words)

	Victor Berger -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - Your gateway to all Britannica has to offer!
		The great French novelist and poet Victor Hugo created two of the most famous characters in literature—Jean Valjean, the ex-convict hero of ‘Les Misérables', and the hunchback Quasimodo in ‘The Hunchback of Notre Dame'.
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	concise.britannica.com /ebc/article-9357071?tocId=9357071 (655 words)

	Grignard Reagents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		One answer resulted from the work that Francois Auguste Victor Grignard started as part of his Ph.D. research at the turn of the century.
		Grignard noted that alkyl halides react with magnesium metal in diethyl ether (Et O) to form compounds that contain a metal-carbon bond.
		Grignard reagents such as CH MgBr are best thought of as hybrids of ionic and covalent Lewis structures.
	chemed.chem.purdue.edu /genchem/topicreview/bp/2organic/grignard.html (373 words)

	MSU Chemistry - Gallery of Chemists' Photo-Portraits and Mini-Biographies - Individual
		Grignard found that, in the presence of ether, magnesium reacts with alkyl and aryl halides at room temperature to form organomagnesium compounds.
		These solutions, called "Grignard reagents" react with most functional groups in a synthetically useful way.
		For this discovery, tremendously useful in laboratory and industrial synthesis, he was awarded the 1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (shared with Paul Sabatier, discoverer of catalytic hydrogenation).
	www.chemistry.msu.edu /Portraits/PortraitsHH_Detail.asp?HH_LName=Grignard (98 words)

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