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Topic: Victoria Bridge, Montreal

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	Canada - Victoria Bridge And St. Clair Tunnel
		The railway ran from Quebec to Longueuil on the south side of the St. Lawrence, and from Montreal on the opposite side of the river westward to Lake Ontario, and it was, therefore, absolutely necessary that a connection should be made between the two sections of the undertaking by means of a bridge at Montreal.
		The first stone of the bridge was laid 22nd June, 1854, and it was not until the 24th November, 1859, that the first train passed over the bridge, and on the 25th August, 1860, the bridge was officially inaugurated, and the last rivet driven by the Prince of Wales, afterwards King Edward the Seventh.
		The height of the superstructure of the old bridge was 16 feet, and that of the new bridge is 40 to 60 feet.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles32n/canada-2.shtml (848 words)

	Bridge \| TutorGig.co.uk Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Flying bridge, a temporary bridge suspended or floating, as for the passage of armies; also, a floating structure connected by a cable with an anchor or pier up stream, and made to pass from bank to bank by the action of the current or other means.
		Tubular bridge, a bridge in the form of a hollow trunk or rectangular tube, with cellular walls made of iron plates riveted together, as the Britannia bridge over the Menai Strait, and the Victoria bridge at Montreal.
		Wheatstone's bridge (Elec.), a device for the measurement of resistances, so called because the balance between the resistances to be measured is indicated by the absence of a current in a certain wire forming a bridge or connection between two points of the apparatus; -- invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone.
	www.tutorgig.co.uk /dict.jsp?keywords=Bridge (1090 words)

	bridge, structure. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Bridges built during the Middle Ages usually rested on crude stone arches with heavy piers (intermediate supports) that were a great obstruction to river traffic, and their roadways were often lined with small shops.
		A cantilever bridge is formed by self-supporting arms anchored at and projecting toward one another from the ends; they meet in the middle of the span where they are connected together or support a third member.
		He also designed the Brooklyn Bridge across the East River (completed 1883), which was the world’s longest suspension bridge at the time of its construction, having a main span of 1,595.5 ft (487 m).
	www.bartleby.com /65/br/bridge-riv.html (1248 words)

	Victoria
		Victoria is a state of Australia, the southernmost mainland state.
		Victoria Harbour is the body of water between Hong Kong Island and Kowloon Peninsula.
		Victoria Bitter is also the name of an unrelated Australian beer, named for the Australian state of Victoria.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/v/vi/victoria.html (281 words)

	Victoria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Victoria, area of the London Borough of Hackney, a ward in South Hackney.
		Victoria City is the historial name of one of the first British urban settlements in Hong Kong.
		Mount Victoria, Wellington, is a prominent landmark and related suburb in the capital of New Zealand.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/V/Victoria.htm (426 words)

	bridge spoons, spiral bridge, covered bridges
		The Eads bridge in St. Louis was a pioneering effort in the application of this new technology and it is celebrated on many spoons.
		The bridge was a major tourist draw, and spoon makers capitalized on its importance.
		In ancient Roman times the building of bridges was considered to be one of the supreme activities and one of the highest honors that could be bestowed on a man was the title of "bridge builder".
	www.geocities.com /RodeoDrive/6232/bridges.html (788 words)

	Log Cabin Chronicles Peter Black's Game of Bridge Column
		The first fixed span across the St. Lawrence was the Victoria Bridge in Montreal which, of course, was built for trains since the mass-produced automobile was still another 50 years away.
		The proposed bridges are part of a major highway extension that's intended to take some of the heat off the increasingly congested traffic moving to and from the booming suburbs on the South Shore.
		The bridge at issue wouldn't span the St. Lawrence, actually, but the spectacular Saguenay River, which, technically speaking, is called a fjord for about half of the waterway's 700-km course to Lac St. Jean.
	www.tomifobia.com /black/bridge_game.shtml (745 words)

	Case Study in Engineering History Education: Robert Stephenson’s ”Last Great Work” – The ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Victoria Bridge across the St. Lawrence River at Montral is one of the great engineering achievements of the 19th century.
		The story of the construction of the Victoria Bridge is one that combines business imperatives, engineering design skills, and construction ingenuity with the enormous challenges presented by one of the world’s great, fast flowing rivers and with the severity of Canadian winters and the massive ”ice shoves” that occur as a result.
		The bridge was constructed between 1854 and 1860 and was formally opened by the Prince of Wales in the summer of 1860.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?0500177 (302 words)

	Québec - Canadian Heritage Gallery
		Montreal, 1650 A sketch of Montreal, 1649-1650, displaying the basic Fort by the river, and the Hotel-Dieu of the Church.
		Victoria Bridge Victoria Bridge, Montreal, from the South Shore, 1897.
		Montreal Harbour The Montreal harbour in the 1900s, with the Notre Dame Church towers in the background.
	www.canadianheritage.org /galleries/places4600.htm (266 words)

	Chapter Bricky <i>to</i> Brigandine of B by Webster's Dictionary (1913 Edition)
		a temporary bridge suspended or floating, as for the passage of armies; also, a floating structure connected by a cable with an anchor or pier up stream, and made to pass from bank to bank by the action of the current or other means.
		a bridge in the form of a hollow trunk or rectangular tube, with cellular walls made of iron plates riveted together, as the Britannia bridge over the Menai Strait, and the Victoria bridge at Montreal.
		Their simple engineering bridged with felled trees the streams which could not be forded.
	www.bibliomania.com /2/3/257/1193/22102/2.html (468 words)

	Montréal's Eighth Wonder of the World-The Victoria Bridge
		The Victoria Bridge which is considered by some to be the Eighth Wonder of the world, is located at the foot of Rue Bridge in Montréal.
		The building of the bridge is directly tied in with the Grand Trunk Railway which railway was incorporated in 1852 and was the main trunk line running through the United Province of Canada.
		Prior to the building of the bridge it was impossible to cross the St.Lawrence during the long winter season as there would be a freeze up as well as a thawing in the fall and spring.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/montreal_canada/62637/1 (563 words)

	WorldTravelGate.net® - The History of Montreal, Canada.
		Montreal became a significant fur-trading post in about 1710, and other forms of commerce soon followed.
		The French regime came to an end in 1760, when Montreal was surrendered to British forces on the Place d'Armes as a result of the French and Indian War.
		In 1860 the prince of Wales dedicated the Victoria Bridge across the St. Lawrence.
	www.americatravelling.net /canada/montreal/montreal_history.htm (577 words)

	Municipal Institutions, Victoria County, Ontario Canada
		The second one-third of the centenary, from 1854 to 1887, is chiefly characterized in Victoria County by the building of railways and by the attainment of municipal maturity.
		In that same year the Victoria Railway was projected to run north from Lindsay and through Haliburton County.
		The Lindsay station for the Victoria Railway and the Whitby and Port Perry Railway was on Victoria Avenue, where the present G. freight sheds stand.
	www.canadiangenealogy.net /ontario/victoriacounty/mumicipal_institutions.htm (1298 words)

	Grand Trunk Railway -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The railway was operated from headquarters in (additional info and facts about Montreal, Quebec) Montreal, Quebec, however corporate headquarters were in (additional info and facts about London, United Kingdom) London, United Kingdom.
		Several impressive construction feats were associated with the GTR: the first successful bridging of the (A North American river; flows into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the North Atlantic) St.
		GTR was built fully a century before major property and highway development took place in the various jurisdictions it crossed and as such had the choice of geography in selecting the most direct routes.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/gr/grand_trunk_railway.htm (908 words)

	Documents on Canadian External Relations (DCER)
		The Bridge Company also has with the Indians on Cornwall Island, which is entirely an Indian Reserve, an agreement terminating at the end of 1957 regarding the right of the Bridge Company to build and maintain a roadway between the two bridge spans for highway traffic crossing between Canada and the United States.
		The Bridge Company also built and maintains the Canadian customs house on Cornwall Island, and pays the NYC a percentage of the $1.25 per automobile (some 200,000-250,000 automobiles a year) that is collected at the tollgate at the north end of the north span at Cornwall.
		However, although the Grass River Lock Bridge would be continuously open to traffic during the winter season, it would be closed to traffic during a large part of each day during the rest of the year to allow ships to pass in the Canal.
	www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca /department/history/dcer/details-en.asp?intRefid=1497 (1258 words)

	McGonagall Online: The Railway Bridge of the Silvery Tay
		It is certainly the longest bridge of its kind in the world, and that is a thing of which its projectors and makers are quite entitled to be proud.
		Construction of the bridge was a massive undertaking, taking six years and a workforce of six hundred men.
		Of course, both the bridge and the poem were soon to be overshadowed by the events of 28th December 1879 - The Tay Bridge Disaster.
	www.mcgonagall-online.org.uk /poems/pgbridge.htm (1155 words)

	History of Railroads in Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The main argument for the construction of this line was the provision of a short direct line from Winnipeg to Montreal and the Atlantic seaboard and at the same time a widening of the area for agriculture expansion.
		Construction of the Victoria Bridge at Montreal was started in 1854, and the first train operated over it in 1859.
		The original structure was a single-track iron tubular bridge with a total distance from bank to bank of 9,155 feet and the tube section of 6,592 feet.
	www.cnpensioners.org /history_of_railroads_in_canada.htm (7885 words)

	Victoria Bridge Crossing the St. Lawrence, 1898 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Victoria bridge is a major engineering achievement of the end of the nineteenth century and was completed in 1859.
		Montreal had then a direct rail link to the United States and to Eastern Canada.
		The original bridge was a closed bridge (a tube), but fumes generated by steam locomotives created a problem for passengers.
	collections.ic.gc.ca /stlauren/hist/hi_victoria1898.htm (77 words)

	Canada Steamship Lines: CSL World, April 1999 - The Great Inland Waterway Turns 40
		Small canals in and around Montreal were in operation as early as 1783.
		Seven locks of similar dimensions were used in the construction of the Casson (Lachine) Canal connecting Montreal with Lake St. Louis.
		The massive engineering project would require four Montreal-area bridges to be modified, new channels dug and existing ones dredged, and entire communities to be resettled to accommodate related power development.
	www.csl.ca /new/cslworld/1999/seaway-1.html (537 words)

	Articles - Grand Trunk Railway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Lawrence and Atlantic from Montreal to the Quebec-Vermont border, and the partner company Atlantic and St. Lawrence through to the harbour facilities at Portland.
		Lawrence River on August 25, 1860 with the opening of the first Victoria Bridge at Montreal (replaced by the present structure in 1898); the bridging of the Niagara River between Fort Erie, Ontario and Buffalo, New York; and the construction of a tunnel beneath the St.
		As the dominant railway in British North America, GTR was reportedly asked by the federal government soon after Confederation to consider building a rail line to the Pacific coast at British Columbia (B.C.) but refused, forcing the government to enact legislation creating the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) to placate B.C. concerns.
	www.candlesa.com /articles/Grand_Trunk_Railway (1396 words)

	List of bridges in Canada - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Golden Ears Bridge ~ Langley - Maple Ridge - Pitt Meadows - Surrey
		Confederation Bridge ~ Cape Tormentine - Borden-Carleton, Prince Edward Island
		Confederation Bridge ~ Borden-Carleton - Cape Tormentine, New Brunswick
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Canada (222 words)

	Montréal's Eighth Wonder of the World - BootsnAll.com
		This landmark was completed in the year 1859 and during its peak construction years six steamboats, 72 barges, 3040 men (of which there were several children between the ages of 8-12), 144 horses, and four locomotive engines were required to erect this Eighth Wonder of the world at a cost of $6,600,000.
		The building of the bridge is directly tied in with the Grand Trunk Railway which was incorporated in 1852 and was the main trunk line running through the United Province of Canada.
		Prior to the building of the bridge it was impossible to cross the St. Lawrence during the long winter season as there would be a freeze up as well as a thawing in the fall and spring.
	www.bootsnall.com /namericatravelguides/montreal/feb02wonder.shtml (1064 words)

	The Other Bloke's Blog: March 2005
		Montreal is of course one of the giants in the Information Technology world.
		Montreal is blessed with so many good things and today is one of those days to think about just how many.
		Montreal is a great place for conferences and a hive of activity for web-related activities.
	www.strategicmarketingmontreal.ca /2005_03_01_archive.html (5571 words)

	(GCB8FF) Vertical Lift Bridges of the World by familygeo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The first modern vertical lift bridge, where the span is hoisted by means of cables that pass over sheaves placed atop towers and connected to counterweights that move up and down, was developed by J.A.L. Waddell and built in Chicago in 1892.
		In 1983, the counterweights were removed and this bridge is no longer functional as a lift bridge.
		This is the Victoria bridge, between Montreal and the south shore.
	www.geocaching.com /seek/cache_details.aspx?wp=GCB8FF&Submit6=Find (866 words)

	Bridge
		Bridge of a steamer (Naut.), a narrow platform across the
		Skew bridge, a bridge built obliquely from bank to bank, as
		Tubular bridge, a bridge in the form of a hollow trunk or
	dictionary-x.com /Bridge.html (955 words)

	Gordon Winder - Sir. William Edmond Logan Page
		Less than 14 years later, on January 29, 1856, he was knighted by Queen Victoria, the first individual who was born in Canada, and a rare honour for a scientist.
		The citizens of Montreal presented him with a Silver Fountain [present location unknown], and the citizens of Toronto organized a gala dinner, and commissioned his portrait.
		William Logan was born in Montreal, April 20,1798, in a family whose father had immigrated from Scotland, was a successful baker, and wealthy farmer and property owner.
	publish.uwo.ca /~cwinder/logan (2744 words)

	Transportation
		Descriptive pieces include A Trip to Niagara (1905) by Clifford V. Baker and A Trip from Montreal to Lachine on the G.T.R., reported by the Toronto Musical Journal (15 Jul 1887) to have been performed by the Victoria Rifles band on Dominion Square in Montreal to the accompaniment of 'bells, whistles, steam, etc.'
		Sea travel by steamship on the Great Lakes, on the St Lawrence and its tributaries, or on the waters of Manitoba and the Atlantic and Pacific coasts was not only a necessity but a popular recreation.
		The third movement of George Fiala's orchestral suite Montreal - 'Métro: allegro giusto' - is descriptive of the city's subway.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=U1ARTU0003461 (609 words)

	NFB Director Albert Kish and 'Notman's World'
		The first daguerreotypes were too slow to record portraits, but within a very few years, improvements in the process coupled with the creation of the Petzval portrait lens allowed a portrait to be taken in as little as ten seconds.
		For example, he made stereo photographs of the construction of the Victoria bridge in Montreal and created two portfolios carefully housed in custom made maple boxes.
		The portfolios were intended for Queen Victoria, to be delivered by the Prince of Wales while he was in Montreal for the opening of the Victoria bridge.
	www.phsc.ca /Albert_Kish.html (1196 words)

	George Stephenson and Robert Stephenson
		Many of his bridges still stand, in whole or in part: the Royal Britannia bridge is unfortunately a pale reflection of its former glory, however.
		With his father's friend William Fairbairn he evolved the wrought iron tubular girder which he used successfully in the Conway (1847-9) and Menai (1847-50) bridges on the Chester and Holyhead Railway and the Victoria Bridge (1854-9) over the St Lawrence at Montreal, then the world's longest bridge.
		During the erection of the tubes of the Menai bridge, in his most anxious moments he was supported by the presence of Brunel.
	www.steamindex.com /people/stephen.htm (3233 words)

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