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Topic: Vienna Circle

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	Vienna Circle (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
		The Vienna Circle was a group of early twentieth-century philosophers who sought to reconceptualize empiricism by means of their interpretation of then recent advances in the physical and formal sciences.
		The Vienna Circle was a group of scientifically trained philosophers and philosophically interested scientists who met under the (nominal) leadership of Moritz Schlick for often weekly discussions of problems in the philosophy of science during academic terms in the years from 1924 to 1936.
		While it cannot be denied that various reductionist projects were at one time or another undertaken by members of the Vienna Circle and that not all of its members were epistemological anti-foundationalists either from the start or at the end, it is clearly false to paint all of them with reductivist and/or foundationalist brushes.
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/vienna-circle (17484 words)

	Vienna Circle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Members of the Vienna Circle had a common attitude towards philosophy, characterized by two main features: first, experience is the only source of knowledge; second, logical analysis performed with the help of symbolic logic is the preferred method for solving philosophical problems.
		In 1929 the Vienna Circle manifesto Wissenschaftliche Weltauffassung.
		The final goal pursued by the Vienna Circle was unified science, that is the construction of a "constitutive system" in which every legitimate statement is reduced to the concepts of lower level which refer directly to the given experience.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vienna_Circle (3634 words)

	Logical positivism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Carnap taught at the University of Prague, the University of Vienna, the University of Chicago, Harvard University, and the University of California at Los Angeles.
		He was a co-author of the manifesto of the Vienna Circle (it is supposed that he was indeed the principal author), planned and directed the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science, was an editor of the journal Erkentnnis and of the series Unified Science, founded and directed the International Foundation for Visual Education.
		Petzäll was mainly influenced by the Vienna Circle and in 1930-31 he went to Vienna, where he took part to Vienna Circle's meetings.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Logical_positivism (3846 words)

	Vienna Circle and Logical Positivism at Erratic Impact's Philosophy Research Base
		Vienna Circle was very active in advertising the new philosophical ideas of logical positivism.
		Hans Hahn (1879 - 1934) was a student at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna.
		He was appointed to the teaching staff in Vienna in 1905 and he became professor of mathematics there in 1921.
	www.erraticimpact.com /~analytic/vienna_circle.htm (989 words)

	The Vienna Colloquium
		The "Vienna Colloquium" run by the mathematician Karl Menger (son of the economist Carl Menger) in the 1930s, brought together many different minds from mathematics but also the physical sciences, philosophy, statistics and economics, that eventually set in motion modern general equilibrium theory from its early roots in the Lausanne School.
		Reminiscences of the Vienna Circle and the Mathematical Colloquium, 1994.
		Menger, 1994 Reminiscences of the Vienna Circle and the Mathematical Colloquium, Dordrecht: Kluwer.
	cepa.newschool.edu /het/schools/vienna.htm (791 words)

	Vienna Circle Foundation
		The Vienna Circle Foundation was created in 1978 to promote studies related to the work of the members of the Vienna Circle and, even more importantly, to serve as the formal guardian of what was informally known as the Vienna Circle Archive.
		At the suggestion of the new chairman, the Vienna Circle Foundation initiated a new activity: the institution of a Vienna Circle Foundation Lecture, to be held regularly and at appropriate occasions.
		At the next summer school, which was held in Birmingham from 6–18 August 2000, the Vienna Circle Foundation Lecture was delivered by the distinguished scholar Theo A.F. Kuipers.
	soliton.science.uva.nl /~kox/wks/wks.html (488 words)

	Frank Lloyd Wright and the Bauhaus
		I am aware that one of the luminaries of the Circle, the physicist and philosopher, Philip Frank had a brother who was an architect and was apparently connected to the Bauhaus.
		(The Vienna Circle developed when Austria was undergoing a bitter conflict between the anti-clerical Social Democrats and the emerging clerical fascism on the Catholic right) in the US both movements underwent a profound de-politicization which stripped them of their original radical (and emancipatory) content.
		The manifesto for the Circle that he co-authored with Rudolf Carnap emphasized the political nature of the logical positivist philosophy which was seen as embracing and having application to not only logic and the philosophy of science but also the social sciences, morals, politics, education and indeed all aspects of human existence.
	www.marxmail.org /archives/november98/wright.htm (773 words)

	Vienna Circle - LearnThis.Info Enclyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Vienna Circle was a group of philosophers and scientists organized in Vienna under Moritz Schlick.
		They met weekly, for the most part, beginning in 1922 and ending in 1936, when Schlick was shot to death by an irate graduate student.
		Karl Popper, though he never attended the Circle's meetings, was influential in the reception and criticism of their doctrines.
	encyclopedia.learnthis.info /v/vi/vienna_circle.html (167 words)

	David Edmonds and John Eidinow "Popper Circles the Circle," 2001
		And it told that, from within the Circle, he had avoided certain philosophical difficulties that had arisen there by changing the verification principle on which a statement was judged as meaningful to one of falsification.
		Also not true: "The difficulties which beset the Vienna Circle were my making, I invented the difficulties, I showed that their criterion was not practicable, and I didn't try to rescue them out of these difficulties, but I had a completely different problem." His criticisms, he said, soon sowed confusion within the Circle.
		This was interpreted by some in the Vienna Circle as a mere refinement of their principle of verification, a tinkering with their otherwise well-functioning machine.
	www.stephenjaygould.org /ctrl/edmonds_popper.html (1940 words)

	Kelsen and his Circle: The Viennese Years (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		the Kelsen Circle is described as overlapping with the neo-positivist `Vienna Circle', the circle of neo-liberal political economists (Schumpeter, Hayek and Haberler), Rosa Mayreder's `Women's League for Peace' and the `Pan European Movement of Count Coudenhove-Kalergi.
		The notable accomplishments of Municipal Vienna under social democratic rule in the areas of adult education, educational reform and housing ensured the social democratic movement support from many bourgeois intellectuals.
		The Vienna Circle, which thrived in the interwar years, actively sought to found philosophy on the basis of Logical Empiricism.
	www.ejil.org /journal/Vol9/No2/art9-04.html (4874 words)

	Vienna1900
		Moritz Schlick, the founder of the Vienna Circle, was born on April 14, 1882 in Berlin.
		He founded the Vienna Circle with other scientists and philosophers such as Rudolf Carnap and Otto Neurath, as a forum for discussions toward a new direction of philosophy; one that moved away from metaphysics and focused on empiricism.
		The remainder of Schlick’s life was spent in Vienna, where he continued to advance the philosophy of science.
	faculty.washington.edu /vienna/philosophy/schlick/biography.htm (393 words)

	Vienna Circle -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust!
		Its members' work was distinguished by their attention to the form of scientific theories, their formulation of a verifiability principle of meaning, and their espousal of a doctrine of unified science.
		Logical Positivism, or Logical Empiricism, the earliest branch of modern Analytic philosophy, was jointly inspired by Hume and by the new logic of Russell and Whitehead, authors of the Principia Mathematica (3 vol., 1910–13).
		The school, formally instituted at the University of Vienna in a seminar of Moritz Schlick in 1923, continued there as the Vienna Circle until 1938.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9381994 (891 words)

	Logical Positivism J.Passmore (1967)
		In 1926 Rudolf Carnap was invited to Vienna as instructor in philosophy, and he quickly became a central figure in the circle's discussions; he wrote more freely than the other members of the circle and came to be regarded as the leading exponent of their ideas.
		The circle ascribed to Wittgenstein the "verifiability principle" -that the meaning of a proposition is identical with the method of verifying it- that is, that a proposition means that the set of experiences which are together equivalent to the propositions being true.
		In 1931 Carnap left Vienna for Prague; in that year Feigl went to Iowa and later to Minnesota; Hahn died in 1934; in 1936 Carnap went to Chicago and Schlick was shot by a mentally deranged student.
	www.comnet.ca /~pballan/logicalpos(Passmore).htm (4290 words)

	Vienna Circle [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Vienna Circle was very active in advertising the new philosophical ideas of logical positivism.
		The members of the Vienna Circle were dispersed when Nazi party went into power in Germany; many of them emigrated to USA, where they taught in several universities.
		Schlick remained in Austria, but in 1936 he was killed by a Nazi sympathizer student in the University of Vienna.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/v/viennaci.htm (597 words)

	The Neurath-Haller Thesis. Austria and the Rise of Scientific Philosophy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The members of the Vienna Circle, with the notable exception of Otto Neurath, were not greatly interested in politics, but theirs was also a political movement.
		Vienna, Neurath argues, provided especially fertile soil for the development of the scientific conception of philosophy because of the growth of liberalism in Vienna in the second half of the nineteenth century, and of an anti-metaphysical spirit which stemmed from the enlightenment, from empiricism, utilitarianism and the free trade movement of England.
		Thus Hayek, for example, reports that he and his contemporaries, upon arriving in Vienna to take up their studies in the immediate post-war years, 'found in Mach almost the only arguments against a metaphysical and mystificatory attitude' such as was manifested by the dominant philosophers in the University at the time.
	ontology.buffalo.edu /smith/articles/haller.html (6137 words)

	Clark University -- Philosophy Club -- Charter
		Section 2: All positions of the Vienna Circle shall be voted on by the sophists present at the meeting.
		Section 3: The Vienna Circle shall be voted on in the Spring, or upon the resignation or impeachment of a current member of the Vienna Circle.
		Section 2: Any Vienna Circle member may be impeached by a 2/3 vote of the Vienna Circle or a 2/3 vote of all sophists present at the meeting.
	www.clarku.edu /students/philosophyclub/charter.htm (1230 words)

	Intellectual Origins of the "Depth" Theme in the Philosophy of Arne Naess (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Vienna Circle held regular, informal Thursday meetings until Schlick was shot and fatally wounded by a deranged student in 1936.
		But in spite of Naess' youthful attraction to the "hard-headed" ethos of the Vienna Circle, the Circle's high estimation of him, his respect for their intellects, and his admiration for the modus operandi of their meetings, he nevertheless found that he had significant disagreements with fundamental aspects of their philosophical orientation.
		The Vienna Circle's philosophy of logical positivism or logical empiricism echoed that of the logical atomists (Russell and the early Wittgenstein) in treating language as if it were ultimately unambiguous in character: a proposition could be shown either to be saying something that was clear and distinct or to be nonsensical.
	trumpeter.athabascau.ca /content/v9.2/fox2.html (4157 words)

	Analytic philosophy, by Roger Jones
		Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) studied under Russell, his early ideas influenced the Vienna Circle and help form the logical positivism of the 1920's and 30's.
		The Vienna Circle consisted of a group of philosophically minded scientists and logicians.
		However, the combination of Schlick's assassination by a deranged student in 1936 and the growing hostility of the Nazis forced the Circle to disperse.
	www.philosopher.org.uk /anal.htm (1803 words)

	Gordon Baker (ed.) - The Voices of Wittgenstein: The Vienna Circle: Ludwig Wittgenstein and Friedrich Waismann - ...
		The Voices of Wittgenstein: The Vienna Circle: Ludwig Wittgenstein and Friedrich Waismann
		Baker, Gordon (ed.), The Voices of Wittgenstein: The Vienna Circle: Ludwig Wittgenstein and Friedrich Waismann, trans.
		This is no doubt why even the editor is led to make only a very modest claim for them: â[We have] a corpus of texts many parts of which must have originated in [Wittgensteinâs] words and been vetted at some stage by Wittgenstein himself.
	ndpr.nd.edu /review.cfm?id=1444 (1382 words)

	Psychozoan: Wonderful Horrible Story of Logical Positivism
		In Vienna, in the last rosy afterglow of the Enlightenment, a group of men believed that the game of knowledge might still be worth the candle of rigorous analysis.
		The Vienna Circle was populated with men of science: mathematicians, chemists and physicists.
		Like Wittgenstein, the Circle was using logic as an analytical tool to clear the brush of unclear ideas and their fuzzy meanings as a preliminary to doing the heavy lifting of uncovering reality in its unadorned glory.
	baharna.com /psychozoan/9701/logical.htm (1981 words)

	Ralph Dumain: "The Autodidact Project": Igor Naletov: "Alternatives to Positivism": Metaphysics of "Critical ...
		It is noteworthy that the main principles of his doctrine, alternative in a way to logical positivism, were developed by Popper within the walls of its citadel—the Vienna Circle.
		The ideas of Popper who had been a member of this circle from its very foundation foreshadowed, as it were, the inevitable crisis and disintegration of the new school long before it reached the peak of its glory when nothing seemed to betoken the impending end.
		From the very beginning Popper was a severe critic of the new trend in the philosophy of science which was budding within the Vienna Circle among the philosophers and natural scientists interested in the logic and methodology of science.
	www.autodidactproject.org /other/naletov12.html (11016 words)

	Ralph Dumain: "The Autodidact Project": Bibliography: Vienna Circle, Karl Popper, Frankfurt School, Marxism, ...
		The "left" Vienna Circle is said to be comprised of Hans Hahn, P. Frank, Neurath, and Carnap.
		Revised and republished as Positivist Philosophy from Hume to the Vienna Circle, 1972.
		Abstract: I have argued elsewhere (in Karl Marx: The Burden of Reason) that the bent of Marx's social and political thought (especially his exclusion of politics and the market from his vision of a future socialism) needs to be seen as arising from the conception of scientific rationality to which he adhered.
	www.autodidactproject.org /bib/vienna1.html (4867 words)

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