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	Johannes Vermeer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Alongside Rembrandt, Vermeer is the best known painter of the Dutch Golden Age, and his paintings are admired for their transparent colours, careful composition, and brilliant use of light.
		Vermeer produced transparent colours by adding the paint onto the canvas in loosely granular layers, a technique called pointillé (not to be confused with pointillism).
		David Hockney, among other historians, has speculated that Vermeer possibly used a camera obscura to achieve precise positioning in his compositions, and this view seems to be supported by certain light and perspective effects which would be the result of lenses and not the naked eye; however, the issue is disputed by many other historians.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Johannes_Vermeer (1013 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search View - Vermeer
		Only 35 of Vermeer's paintings have survived, although few of his paintings are believed to have disappeared: The number of extant works is close to the number of works for which some documentation exists.
		The skewed perspective evident in some works (in which the nearest objects are disproportionately large) and the out-of-focus impression conveyed by sections of his paintings indicate that he may have experimented with a camera obscura, a precursor to the modern camera.
		Vermeer was a master of composition and in the representation of space.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761553291__1/Vermeer.html (528 words)

	in-depth information about Johannes Vermeer's "View of Delft" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The pointillist technique that Vermeer used to suggest reflections flickering off the water, most easily visible on the two herring boats on the right, is evidence that he probably used a camera obscura to help compose the picture; diffused highlights such as these would appear when a partially focused image was obtained from this device.
		View of Delft shows the ramparts and the two fourteenth-century gates on either side of the stone bridge spanning the canal that passes through the town; on the far side of the bridge the water divides to become the Oude Delft and Nieuwe Delft canals.
		Vermeer seems to have shifted the buildings slightly to produce a more harmonious composition and this is most noticeable in the way he depicted the long section of the Rotterdam Gate.
	www.essentialvermeer.com /cat_about/view.htm (1558 words)

	View of Delft by VERMEER VAN DELFT, Jan
		Vermeer executed his View of Delft on the spot, but the optical instrument pointed toward the city and providing the artist with the aspect translated onto canvas, which we admire for its conciseness and special structure, was not the camera obscura but the inverted telescope.
		It is only the latter that condenses the panoramic view of a given sector, diminishes the figures of the foreground to a smaller than normal magnification, emphasizes the foreground as we see it in the picture, and by the same token makes the remainder of the composition recede into space.
		We admire the town, but it is not a profile view of a township, but a painting, an idealized representation of Delft, with its main characteristics simplified and then cast into the framework of a harbour mirroring selected reflections in the water, and a rich, full sky with magnificent cloud formations looming over it.
	www.wga.hu /html/v/vermeer/02c/13view.html (385 words)

	Vermeer's Neighborhood
		His two portraits of Delft, the majestic View of Delft, a hymn to civic pride and nature, and the humble Little Street which narrates the intimate life as seen from across and inner-city canal, are tangible proof.
		It is known that Vermeer painted another landscape of Delft, a "view of a house standing in Delft" as it was described in the 1696 Amsterdam auction.
		Delft was the third city of Holland to receive a municipal charter in 1246 and it remained in, the forefront of Dutch history for several centuries.
	essentialvermeer.20m.com /maps/delft/a_vermeer's_neighborhood.htm (1860 words)

	MSN Encarta - Multimedia - View of Delft
		View of Delft was painted by Dutch artist Jan Vermeer about 1660.
		The cityscape was not Vermeer’s typical subject matter, but Delft was his native city, and this painting was evidently one of the painter's favorites.
		The view is believed to be from the second floor of a house across the Schie River, opposite the Rotterdam Gate.
	encarta.msn.com /media_461556211/View_of_Delft.html (65 words)

	Encyclopedia topic: Johannes Vermeer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Johannes Vermeer (1632 - December 15, 1675) was a Dutch (The West Germanic language of the Netherlands) painter (An artist who paints), who is also sometimes referred to as Vermeer of Delft or Johannes van der Meer.
		Alongside Rembrandt (Influential Dutch artist (1606-1669)), Vermeer is the most famous painter of the so-called Dutch Golden Age (additional info and facts about Dutch Golden Age), and his paintings are admired for their transparent colours, careful composition and brilliant use of light.
		View of Delft - The Hague, Mauritshuis - 1660/61
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/j/jo/johannes_vermeer.htm (1206 words)

	Jan Vermeer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Vermeer is considered one of the great Dutch artists, able to withstand much of the influence of Italy, France and Flanders, giving his painting a unique feeling and look.
		Vermeer was the son of an art dealer and tavern keeper.
		Vermeer did not paint many pictures, but the ones we have give us insights into daily Dutch life, depicting calm scenes, where usually one or two figures are engaged in simple tasks.
	ntap.k12.ca.us /whs/projects/history/vermeer.html (669 words)

	Vermeer in Washington
		The exhibition "Johannes Vermeer", on display at the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. November 12, 1995 through February 11, 1996 before moving to The Hague's Royal Cabinet of Paintings Mauritshuis, was the first ever exclusively dedicated to the paintings of the celebrated seventeenth-century master of Delft.
		Vermeer's point is that we should lead lives of moderation with full understanding of the implications of a final judgment.
		Vermeer used the informal, close framing of the composition suggested by the camera obscura to accentuate the realistic, immediate impact of the painting.
	www.glyphs.com /art/vermeer (3575 words)

	Jan Vermeer, Biography. - Olga's Gallery
		Jan Vermeer (or Jan van der Meer, or Jan Vermeer van Delft) was born in 1632, the second child of Reynier Janszoon Vos and Digna Baltens.
		Vermeer’s pictures are also moralizing, thus women who had become intoxicated on wine were considered to be the embodiment of sin, and this is a central motif to some of Vermeer’s works: The Glass of Wine (c.1658-1660).
		Vermeer: A View of Delft by Anthony Bailey.
	www.abcgallery.com /V/vermeer/vermeerbio.html (778 words)

	Marcel Proust: where is the "petit pan de mur jaune" in Vermeer's "View of Delft"?
		Proust was apparently revived by Vermeer for he managed to go on to the Ingres exhibition and then to lunch at the Ritz before returning home, though according to Painter he was still 'shaken and alarmed' by the attack.
		The supposed identity of Proust's little patch of yellow wall in Vermeer's View has been analyzed by a number of literary and painting critics but surprisingly, there is no consensus as just which area he had in mind.
		The fl and white reproduction of Vermeer's View of Delft in the Van Zype monograph.
	essentialvermeer.20m.com /proust/proust.htm (2461 words)

	The New Arcadia Review :: Articles :: A View of Delft
		According to the caption underneath, it was A View of Delft, by an artist whose name I sounded to myself with an English J as Jan Vermere.
		This latter canvas presents a view across tilled fields of a line of village houses and trees with a small stretch of blue sky behind it.
		My experience with A View of Delft was still buried under the avalanche of adolescence and young adulthood when I first read In Search of Lost Time and arrived at the narrator’s account of the death of Bergotte, Proust’s fictional archetype of the novelist.
	www.bc.edu /publications/newarcadia/archives/3/aviewofdelft (4705 words)

	Delft - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Delft is a city in South Holland (Zuid-Holland), the Netherlands, located halfway between Rotterdam and The Hague (Den Haag).
		The association of the House of Orange with Delft began when William of Orange (Willem van Oranje), nicknamed William the Silent, took up residence there in 1572.
		Due to the large number of university students at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), the population has a large number of males aged between 18 and 30.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Delft (497 words)

	Vermeer: A View of Delft by Anthony Bailey, ISBN 0805067183 And Drogas y Pornografias (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Vermeer married well, had many children, and enjoyed a respectable local reputation as a painter until his death in 1675.
		Today, Vermeer's thirty-five paintings are regarded as masterpieces. In Vermeer: A View of Delft, Anthony Bailey presents a compelling portrait of Vermeer's life and character, long lost to history.
		In the bustling artistic life of Delft, Vermeer was one of many painters and skilled craftsmen who enjoyed a society of mutual influence and assistance.
	www.baldingerlighting.com /view.htm (358 words)

	Johannes Vermeer (1632-1675) \| Special Topics Page \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Although Vermeer's work was known to other connoisseurs in Delft and the neighboring court city of The Hague, and a few of his paintings sold to individuals farther afield (Antwerp and Amsterdam), most Dutch painters turned out hundreds of pictures for a much broader market.
		In 1653, Vermeer married the daughter of a wealthy Catholic divorcée; the painter converted to their religion and moved into their house in the heart of Delft.
		Vermeer was intensely preoccupied with the behavior of light and other optical effects such as sudden recessions and changes of focus.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/verm/hd_verm.htm (803 words)

	Jan Vermeer - Jan Vermeer Oil Paintings, Jan Vermeer Biography & Jan Vermeer Gallery
		Vermeer was a Dutch painter who excelled in portraying comfortable interior scenes that are composed with mathematical clarity and suffused with cool, silvery light.
		Their small number is the result of Vermeer's deliberate, methodical work habits, comparatively short life, and the disappearance of many of his paintings during the period of obscurity following his death in Delft on December 15, 1675.
		Vermeer was forgotten after his death and not rediscovered until the late 19th century.
	www.huntfor.com /absoluteig/vermeer.htm (213 words)

	TIME Pacific \| A Clear View from Delft \| May 7, 2001 \| NO. 18
		Vermeer had few benefactors, and he gained no more than a quarter of his income from painting; most came from his mother-in-law and his work as an art dealer.
		The son of an innkeeper, Vermeer was the father of 15 children, a Roman Catholic-leaning Protestant and a home-towner who rarely left Delft.
		In a Vermeer painting serenity prevails and, as Bailey notes, a viewer is taken into a room and invited to walk around and talk to those present.
	www.time.com /time/pacific/magazine/20010507/view.html (573 words)

	New Statesman: He is everywhere. - Review - book review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Born in Delft in 1632, Vermeer was the son of an innkeeper.
		Vermeer was a "headman" of the Delft artists' guild, though he painted only two or three paintings a year, and was highly valued in his lifetime -- a baker paid 600 guilders (one or two years' wages) for one of his single figures.
		Perhaps we love Vermeer's velvety interiors not because they are like photographs, but because their mixture of softbloom and sharpness exactly captures the way human beings reclaim the world from vagueness, an inch at a time -- that curve of a pearl earring, this patch of sunlight.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FQP/is_4533_130/ai_74494070 (1218 words)

	Vermeer's Delft touch - The Washington Times: Travel - October 16, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		In the middle of the square is a statue of the jurist Hugo Grotius, native son and the father of international law and a contemporary of Vermeer (1632-75).
		Vermeer's baptism on Oct. 31, 1632, was recorded in the registry of the Nieuwe Kerk (New Church).
		Vermeer's masterpiece sold for 2 guilders and 30 cents in 1882 and was donated to the museum in 1918.
	washingtontimes.com /travel/20041015-101550-2448r.htm (2687 words)

	View of Delft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		"View of Delft" is prominently hung in the center of the second room.
		"View of Delft" is the only painting of Vermeer that lends itself to comparison with a known motif.
		Study of contemporary topographical drawings and paintings of Delft reveals that Vermeer freely adjusted the cityscape in the interests of his composition.
	www.glyphs.com /art/vermeer/delft.htm (439 words)

	View of Delft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The precise place where he painted it has been located- the upper story of a particular house- but by no means is the painting a copy of what his eyes saw.
		Vermeer condensed part of the image and spread out other parts to forn a beautifully balanced composition.
		Vermeer was 'rediscovered' in the mid-1930's and scholars are still trying to stitch together his life story.
	www.mystudios.com /treasure/vermeer/delft_review.html (83 words)

	AllRefer.com - Delft (Benelux Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		and chartered in 1246, Delft was an important commercial center until superseded (17th cent.) by Rotterdam.
		The aspect of old Delft has changed little since Jan Vermeer, who was born and lived there (17th cent.), painted his famous View of Delft.
		The city's notable buildings include a 13th-century Gothic church (Oude Kerk); the Gothic Nieuwe Kerk (15th cent.), with the tombs of William the Silent, who was assassinated in Delft, and the humanist Hugo Grotius, who was born there; and the 17th-century town hall.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/D/Delft.html (213 words)

	Global Gallery - Johannes Vermeer - Artist Biography
		He was born in Delft, where he spent his entire life.
		He was also known as Vermeer of Delft and as Jan or Johannes van der Meer.
		His career is a mystery to art historians because, although his work was of the finest quality, his output was too small to have been the sole support of his family of 11 children.
	www.globalgallery.com /artist.bio.asp?nm=johannes+vermeer (240 words)

	View of Delft (detail) by VERMEER VAN DELFT, Jan
		This not only calls attention to the vastness of the sky, but serves to draw the eye into the heart of the city, which is bathed in warm sunshine.
		Vermeer also used various textural effects to convey the physical presence of Delft.
		In the tallest tower, Vermeer applied a thick impasto of yellow to accentuate the sunlit areas.
	www.wga.hu /html/v/vermeer/02c/13view1.html (98 words)

	WebMuseum: Vermeer, Jan
		His teacher may have been Leonaert Bramer, a Delft artist who was a witness at Vermeer's marriage in 1653, or the painter Carel Fabritius of Delft.
		During the late 1650s, Vermeer, along with his colleague Pieter de Hooch, began to place a new emphasis on depicting figures within carefully composed interior spaces.
		Moralizing references occur in several of Vermeer's works, although they tend to be obscured by the paintings' vibrant realism and their general lack of narrative elements.
	www.ibiblio.org /wm/paint/auth/vermeer (823 words)

	Vermeer
		His work -particularly the View of Delft - was admired by several impressionistic painters, and inspired both Proust and Claudel.
		His life is however badly known: a weaver's son, he was baptized in Delft in 1632; apprenticed to Leonaert Bramer, he is then thought to have worked at C Fabritius whose influence he was under.
		Vermeer painted some allegorical subjects, in particular two paintings where figure exceptionally a single male character and which proceed partly of the genre painting (The astronomer, v.1668 et The geographer, v.1669, which would symbolize one the ground and the other the sky),
	perso.wanadoo.fr /yann.franqueville/Vermeer/English/vermeer_english.htm (870 words)

	Jan Vermeer
		The works by Fabritius are few, but his contemporaries speak of him as a man of remarkable power, and the paintings now ascertained to be from his hand, and formerly ascribed to Rembrandt, prove him to have been deeply imbued with the spirit and manner of that master.
		His circumstances cannot have been flourishing, for at his death he left twenty-six pictures undisposed of, and his widow had to apply to the court of insolvency to be placed under a curator, who was Anton van Leeuwenhoek, the scientist.
		For more than two centuries Vermeer was almost completely forgotten, and his pictures were sold under the names and forged signatures of the more popular Pieter de Hooch, Metsu, Ter Borch, and even of Rembrandt.
	www.nndb.com /people/689/000084437 (761 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Vermeer: A View of Delft (Owl/John MacRae Books): Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		At a time when painters were in abundance in Delft and industry was striving, the picture of Vermeer is still that of a struggling artist trying to feed and clothe a large family.
		It is a wonder, Bailey points out, that amidst all the noise and commotion that must have gone on in his house and the financial problems that must have weighed heavily on his shoulders, that he was still able to paint such masterpieces that put the beholder at ease merely by their stillness.
		Vermeer was never an "all-inclusive artist" notes Bailey and none of his paintings incorporate a single flower.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0805069305 (835 words)

	Jan Vermeer
		Vermeer was a Master in the Delft painters' guild from 1653, was elected Dean (hoofdman) in 1662-3 and 1670-71, and was highly regarded in his lifetime, although he seems to have never been particularly wealthy, leaving his wife and 11 children in debt at his death.
		The often discussed sparkling pearly highlights in Vermeer's paintings have been linked to his probable use of a camera obscura, the primitive lens of which would produce halation and, even more noticeably, exaggerated perspective.
		Vermeer's interest in optics is also attested in this work by the accurately observed mirror reflection above the lady at the virginals.
	www.artchive.com /artchive/V/vermeer.html (531 words)

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