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Topic: Villein

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Signeurialism

Manorialism

	VILLENAGE - LoveToKnow Article on VILLENAGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There was one exception to this harsh treatment of villeins, namely, the rustic tenantry in manors of ancient demesne, that is, in estates which had belonged to the crown before the Conquest, had a standing-ground even against their lords as regards the tenure of their plots and the fixity of their services.
		In the case of mixed marriages, the condition of the child is determined by the free or villein condition of the tenement in which it was born.
		A villein might be allowed to bring a penny instead of bringing a chicken or to pay a rent instead of appearing with his oxen three times a week on the lords fields.
	85.1911encyclopedia.org /V/VI/VILLENAGE.htm (3413 words)

	Manorialism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Villein holdings were held nominally by arrangement of lord and tenant, but tenure became in practice almost universally hereditary, with a payment being made to the lord on the succession of another member of the family.
		Villein land could not be abandoned, at least until demographic and economic circumstances made flight a viable proposition; nor could they be passed to a third party without the lord's permission, and the customary payment.
		Sub-letting of villein holdings was not uncommon, and labour on the demesne might be commuted into an additional money payment, as happened increasingly from the 13th century.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Manorialism (1719 words)

	villein on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The villein was a person who was attached to the manor and who performed the servile work of the lord and in some respects was considered the property of the lord.
		In privileged villeinage the services to be rendered to the lord were certain and determined; in pure villeinage the services were unspecified, and the villein was, in effect, subject to the whim of the lord.
		The villein in England was protected by law against all except his lord, and some guarantee against the lord's power was gradually extended by the royal courts.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/v1/villein.asp (455 words)

	villein
		Villeins were not slaves, and were named as freemen and freewomen in medieval documents, but they were not free.
		At the time of the Domesday Book (1087) the villeins were the most numerous element in the English population, providing the labour force for the manors.
		Life for a medieval villein was undoutedly hard, as shown in documents such as ‘Pierce the Plowman's Crede’ (c.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0015753.html (328 words)

	St. George Tucker: Of the Modern English Tenures
		THESE villeins, belonging principally to lords of manors, were either villeins regardant, that is, annexed to the manor or land; or else they were in gross, or at large, that is, annexed to the person of the lord, and transferable by deed from one owner to another
		For the children of villeins were also in the same state of bondage with their parents; whence they were called in Latin, nativi, which gave rise to the female appellation of a villein, who was called a neife.
		VILLEINS, by this and many other means, in process of time gained considerable ground on their lords; and in particular strengthened the tenure of their estates to that degree, that they came to have in them an interest in many places full as good, in others better than their lords.
	www.lonang.com /exlibris/tucker/tuck-306.htm (6075 words)

	VILLENAGE - LoveToKnow Article on VILLENAGE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The customary arrangements of the work of villeins, however, render this contrast rather fictitious.
		common incident of villein tenure, although, of course, its very name proves its intimate connection ~with the outfit of soldiers (here-geatu).
		The most important of villein services is the week-work performed by the peasantry.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /V/VI/VILLENAGE.htm (3413 words)

	Villein - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A villein is, in the feudal system, a member of the class of serfs tied to the land, distinguished from those in actual slavery, but restricted by law from exercising the rights of a free man. The word, identical in origin to villain, derived from the Latin villanus, pertaining to the landed estate or villa.
		Villein FM is the name of a fictional radio station.
		This page was last modified 07:47, 8 October 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Villein (117 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Land-Tenure in the Christian Era
		The medieval, or feudal, manor had at its head a lord who might be an individual, or a corporation such as a monastery or an office such as the Crown or the Archbishopric of Canterbury and these lords were of course the units out of which the feudal hierarchy was built up.
		Indeed, it was the definition of a villein that he was one, who, rising in the morning, could not tell of his own will what he should have to do before night.
		The villein was not said to own, but to hold; he held of his lord in return for service, and by a bond which, though it was not military and honourable, as was fides, was yet based upon the same ethical conception of a moral due, rather than an economic contract.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08775a.htm (8607 words)

	Knighthood, Chivalry & Tournament Glossary of Terms
		Villeins lived in villages, attached to a lord’s holdings, all but a slave.
		Villeins had few rights, and only in rare circumstances were released from their bondage.
		Villeins held few rights, unable to fish in the lord’s rivers, to hunt or draw firewood from his forests, marry his daughter off without permission (and a fee, generally), or commit his son to Holy Orders.
	www.chronique.com /Library/Glossaries/glossary-KCT/gloss_v.htm (883 words)

	TITLES AND CLASSES OF SOCIETY
		Regardant Villein : A person who performed the lowest manorial services but was annexed to the lord's manor rather than to his person.
		He was above the status of a slave but was, excepting the Regardant Villein (qv), usually annexed to the lord's person, in which case he was termed a Villein in Gross.
		Neither he nor his daughter could marry without the lord's permission, nor could he bring a suit in the king's court, or acquire land that would not be taxed.
	www.troy.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk /g_titles.htm (1768 words)

	History of Herringfleet and St. Olaves - part 3: Medieval period (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The villein was a partially free peasant (as distinct from the serf who had no freedom) and though he could not serve on juries, the villein did accept public duties imposed by the crown on the hundreds and vills.
		The villein emerged as one who virtually had the same rights as freemen - he was a tenant at will, and could be ejected at the lord's pleasure, but in fact, if he rendered his labour-dues to the lord, the villein tenement became hereditary.
		As villein or freeman prospered, a minor thane (old Norse) or thane occupying a position between the ordinary freeman and the hereditary nobility, would wish to emphasise his status by building a (wooden) church, the absolute property of the thane with no endowments.
	www.lothingland.page.co.uk /hso3.htm (523 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Wm: he ought not to answer writ, becse Simon is his villein belonging to his manor of Pusey in Berk, and he and all his ancestors,etc,etc. Simon: he is free and not villein, and on this to inquiry by country...
		Defs: Peter is villein belonging to their manor of West Elley, and they and all ancestors, etc,etc,.
		Quers: they are free men and not villeins...jury eventually finds thatthey are free,, and not villeins, assesses damages at 12 marks, costs at 6 marks, so considered that they should recover 18 marks, and John halle and Agnes capiatur.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/hgarrett/researchfiles/pro/cp763.txt (1778 words)

	Villein
		Date "villein" was first used in popular English literature: sometime before 1596.
		"Villein" is generally used as a noun (singular) -- approximately 100.00% of the time.
		"Villein" is used about 7 times out of a sample of 100 million words spoken or written in English.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /vi/villein.html (449 words)

	TILIBERIA DOMESDAY BOOK ENTRIES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		VILLEIN: A 'free' peasant who gave dues and services to his lord in exchange for land.
		Then as now 2 ploughs on the demesne, and 4 ploughs belonging to the men, and 1 villein and 11 bordars and 2 serfs and 4 hides of wood.
		Then as now 3 ploughs on the demesne and one plough belonging to the men, and 5 villeins and one bordar and 6 serfs.
	members.aol.com /Tilburygen/domesday.htm (528 words)

	How the Hoernersburg Lego Castle Got Its Name
		Even when a villein died his family had to pay a tax called a heriot, which was the dead man’s best beast, or the equivalent amount in money.
		Freemen in the town had the advantage of a trial by their neighbors, but villeins were usually tried by the baron himself – and the baron was rarely fair.
		The villeins were told to stand behind the freemen so that the Emperor couldn’t see their worn and dirty clothes.
	members.rcin.net /hoernersburg/HornersburgStory.htm (7790 words)

	An argument in the case of James Sommersett : a machine readable transcription.
		If he was a villein regardant, he passed with the manor or land to which he was annexed, but might be severed at the pleasure of his lord (e).
		If he was a villein in gross, he was an hereditament or a chattel real according to his lord's interest; being descendible to the heir where the lord was absolute owner, and transmissible to the executor where the lord had only a term of years in him (f).
		Suffering the villein to be on a jury, to enter into a religion and be professed, or to stay a year and a day in antient demesne without claim, were enfranchisements.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /ll/llst/096/llst096.sgm (12672 words)

	Vilein - When Shame discovers Danger, the vilein, asleep in the Garden of Delight, the rose that he should have In ...
		The Legal Term * Villein * Defined and Explained * Villein * VILLEIN - In France: a rural or urban non-noble The feudal villein of the lowest order was unprotected as to property, and subjected to the post ignoble.
		Vil·lein also vil·lain (P) Pronunciation Key new search, or try your search for "villein" at:.
		A villein is, in the feudal system, a member of the class of serfs tied to the land, distinguished from those in actual slavery, but restricted by law from exercising the rights of a free man.
	www.destarter.com /villein/vilein.html (479 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		JH: Plaintiff is villein, belonging toJohn Wroughton and Edward Hampden of manor of Hampden; and 10April, 8 Henry 7, they demised minor to JH, at will of JW and Edw, and sohe was possessed,holding at their will.
		JA: JS is his villein, belonging to manor of Ilbruer.
		Nich: plaintiff is a villein, belonging toJohn Wroughton and Edw Hampden, of manor of Hampden.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/hgarrett/researchfiles/pro/cp934.txt (731 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The said Hunt, land in donington formerly of John Alward, a villein regardant of complainant's manor of Bicker.
		To the right honorable Sir thomas Audeley knight lord chancellor of England (1533-38) Summary: Antony robertson of boston, Lincolnshire, gent, complains, that where one Thomas Tempest of Lincolnshire, knight, and Roger Hylton of Donyngton, esq, were seised of manor of Byker, and so seised the xxv day of oct, 24 hen.
		8, whereby petitioner seised of premises; and where one thomas alward of Walpole in Norfolk was villein regardant unto the manor, and was seised of a tenement and 8 acres of land set in Fosdyk in Lincolnshire, in his demesne as of fee, and so being seised, 20 Nov, 24 Hen.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /courses/hgarrett/researchfiles/c1/c877'45.pro (500 words)

	Delince Manor Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Villeins, who hold 30 acres plots of land, are usually able to feed themselves and pay their dues, often with a small surplus.
		Freemen holding more than 60 acres may keep 80 sheep and up to eight oxen, villeins and other freemen up to 40 sheep and four oxen, half-villeins 20 sheep and two oxen and cottars half a dozen sheep and just one ox, if they can afford one.
		Several of the women in the village brew ale, usually from malted barley, which they sell by the jug or barrel.
	www.minarsas.demon.co.uk /harn/lynnfana/delince.htm (1359 words)

	ACMusic - Artists
		Villein were a Christian Hard Rock band from southern Sydney.
		The guys were ninety percent of the way through recording their debut album with National distribution when their guitarist, Dave Booth, was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis, leaving the band in a spot of bother.
		The album may never be finished, but if you'd like to hear a copy of what they have done, just send the guys an email at dave@bloodlove.com and we'll see what we could do.
	pandora.nla.gov.au /parchive/2001/S2001-Mar-7/acmusic.nu/artistdetailc86e.html (262 words)

	villein
		There will be ten cottages in the place of this park, and ten families will live on its revenue.
		So would it be if the villein were to flee before his hoe by which he gains his livelihood, and with which he toils.
		So would it be if the falcon were to flee from the duck, and the gerfalcon from the heron, and the great pike from the minnow, and if the stag were to chase the lion; so do things go topsy-turvy.
	www.cooldictionary.com /words/villein.word (431 words)

	1257, Life as a villein. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		He's a fair man and is good at talking to important people which is why we, the villagers chose him to be Reeve.
		His job is to meet with the Bailiff, who really is a nasty piece of work, and decide on the 'week and boon' work each of us villeins has to do during the year.
		Robert over there is another villein but earlier this year he was made the Hayward for two months.
	www.studentcentral.co.uk /_life_as_a_villein_9391 (298 words)

	HERO GAMES Discussion Boards - Land and Wealth
		A typical peasant longhouse, such as a 13th century half-villein or villein might live in, is approximately 4.5m by 20m (90 sq m), so would cost 10 points.
		It stands in a toft (plot) of about half an acre (0.2 hectare, or 2000 sq m); our base grounds are the same dimensions as the house (90sq m), to the toft will cost an additional 4pts (for 1440 sq m, but rounded in the character's favour).
		You might want to add another disadvantage (must be paid for by rent if free lands, or labour if unfree lands), but since everybody except the king in a feudal society had to pay some kind of rent or service for their holdings, I'd rule this as a campaign-required +0 disadvantage.
	www.herogames.com /forums/printthread.php?t=13720 (2799 words)

	Legal Definition of Villein
		The 'Lectric Law Library's Lexicon On * Villein *
		VILLEIN - In France: a rural or urban non-noble.
		A rural free-man in England: a peasant with enough land to support his family.
	www.lectlaw.com /def2/u036.htm (61 words)

	Information on villein
		[In this sense written also villan, and villein.] [1913 Webster] If any of my ansectors was a tenant, and a servant, and held his lands as a villain to his lord, his posterity also must do so, though accidentally they become noble.
		villein n : (Middle Ages) a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord [syn: serf, helot]
		26 Moby Thesaurus words for "villein": bondmaid, bondman, bondslave, bondsman, bondswoman, captive, chattel, chattel slave, churl, concubine, debt slave, galley slave, helot, homager, liege, liege man, liege subject, odalisque, peon, serf, servant, slave, subject, theow, thrall, vassal
	www.wkonline.com /d/villein.html (319 words)

	Vampire the Dark Ages: Medieval Terminology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Ad Censum: Status of villeins who pay a cash rent in lieu of labor services.
		Merchet: A fee paid by a villein for a daughter's mariage.
		Mortuary: Death duty paid by villein to parish church, usually second-best beast or chattel.
	users.aol.com /roguexxxxx/terms.html (950 words)

	villein socage : Definition from the Online Dictionary at Datasegment.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		1 definition found villein socage - Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 : Socage \Soc"age\, n.[From Soc; cf.
		The service must be certain, in order to be denominated socage, as to hold by fealty and twenty shillings rent.
		[Written also soccage.] [1913 Webster] Note: Socage is of two kinds; free socage, where the services are not only certain, but honorable; and villein socage, where the services, though certain, are of a baser nature.
	onlinedictionary.datasegment.com /word/villein+socage (110 words)

	Reading--Feudal Contract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Other tenants, called villeins, were legally free but subject to the authority of the lord.
		Each villein had a contract with his lord spelling out his rights and duties.
		John of Cayworth [villein] holds from his lord one house and thirty acres of land.
	www.historyteacher.net /GlobalHistory-1/Readings/FeudalContract.htm (390 words)

	villein (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The villein was usually a women who worked in a manor.
		Sometimes they worked in fields or grape vineyards, but most of the time they worked in or around the house doing chores.
		She would make bread and make the clothing for the entire Lord's family.
	liberty.k12.mo.us /ad/challenge/Think%20Quest/Castles_Site/villeins.htm (66 words)

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