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	Villette (novel) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, the novel is celebrated not so much for its plot as in its acute tracing of Lucy’s psychology, particularly Bronte’s use of Gothic doubling to represent externally what her protagonist is suffering internally.
		Villette’s final pages are ambiguous; though Lucy says that she wants to leave the reader free to imagine a happy ending, she hints strongly that M. Paul's ship was destroyed by a storm on his return from the West Indies, killing him.
		Villette also incisively explores isolation and cross-cultural conflict in Lucy’s attempts to master the French language, as well as the conflicts between her English Protestantism and the Catholicism (her denunciation of which is unsparing: 'God is not with Rome') of Labassecour.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Villette_(novel) (1109 words)

	Villette by Charlotte Bronte: A searchable online version at The Literature Network
		Villette is a masterpiece of emotion and Charlotte Bronte was a true master of emotion.
		If you enjoyed "Villette", or are examining the work critically, try looking at fascinating earlier novel "The Professor", which uses much of the same source material but with significant and illuminating variations, particularly the fact that the narrator is a male persona.
		Villette isn't necessarily a happy book, but Charlotte Bronte wrote it extremely well, and the characters seem real, perhaps because of their lack of perfection in life.
	www.online-literature.com /brontec/villette (902 words)

	"I Should be Getting Paid for This": Hysteria and the Reader as Analyst in Bronte's Villette
		But in the case of Villette, it is the textually implied reader that is positioned as analyst: Lucy herself consciously invites her reader to analyze her by addressing herself to the reader as well as by the explicit way she recognizes that she is in the position of narrator.
		Villette is entirely a flashback, a reminiscence of Lucy's life, a way of recreating, reclaiming and validating her past experiences.
		Villette emerges at a time when women experienced tensions as authors/producers of literary texts and their fictional projections as the inhabiters of those texts.3 These tensions produce bodily manifestations for which there is no organic cause.
	www.trincoll.edu /zines/papers/1997/paid.html (7265 words)

	PVM's Homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Stuff of Villette is simple -- Lucy Snowe, apparently without fortune or family, hardly with friends, leaves England after death of her employer, becomes a helper, then a teacher in a school in Villette, falls in love with and is finally proposed to by M. Paul Emmanuel, despite opposition of his Catholic friends.
		The emphasis in the novel falls on Ginevra's substantiality; as Lucy notes when after her marriage she triumphantly exclaims 'I have my portion', there is an element of the trade-minded bourgeoise in Ginevra.
		In a novel where everything seems to relate to Lucy's mind, impinging on her or echoing her, realism is not what we expect.
	www.st-andrews.ac.uk /~bp10/pvm/en3040/villette.shtml (2052 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Charlotte Brontë (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Nevertheless writing her last novel, Villette, the first to be published under her own name, was a painful struggle with isolation and anxiety and, at times, she longed for the protective anonymity once bestowed by her identity as “Currer Bell”.
		Villette, published in 1853, reworked material from The Professor but also drew on her more recent experiences, in particular the character of Dr John which was a thinly veiled portrait of her publisher, George Smith, from whom Charlotte may have entertained hopes of marriage.
		Villette was the most autobiographical of her novels and was harshly criticised by Harriet Martineau (thus effecting a cooling in the friendship between the two writers) for its emphasis on romantic love.
	www.literaryencyclopedia.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=582 (2348 words)

	recbooks.htm
		Villette is a thoroughgoing study of depression, but Brontë has also honed her talent for dry wit; the careful reader will be rewarded with nuggets of understated but pointed sarcasm.
		The novel was inspired by an incident recounted by Byron in a letter, in which several people purportedly saw him in London on a particular day in which he was actually lying ill in Egypt.
		The novel is starkly realistic yet humane in its point-of-view, and it is infused with magic at the same time.
	hss.fullerton.edu /english/AStein/recbooks.htm (1702 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Villette
		Villette is the darkest of Charlotte’s novels; it exudes an aura of melancholic pessimism that matches its creator’s mood during its writing.
		Villette, possibly as a result, is a darker novel than Jane Eyre or Shirley, the heroine is deliberately cold and caustic, and the ending refuses the conventional happy marriage.
		Villette is one of the most powerful evocations of the plight of the intelligent, single woman in mid-Victorian Britain, rendering as it does a consciousness blighted in its hopes for love and belonging but determined to endure.
	www.litencyc.com /php/sworks.php?rec=true&UID=8625 (1945 words)

	BRONTE - LoveToKnow Article on BRONTE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		She replied in the same month with this longer novel, and Jane Eyre appeared in October 1847, to be wildly acclaimed on every hand, although enthusiasm was to receive a counterblast when more than a year later, in December 1848, Miss Rigby, afterwards Lady Eastlake (1809 1893), reviewed it in the Quarterly.
		During the year 1852 she worked hard with a new novel, Villette, which was published in January of 1853.
		Her novel Wut keying Heights stands alone as a monument of intensity owing nothing to tradition, nothing to the achievement of earlier writers.
	85.1911encyclopedia.org /B/BR/BRONTE.htm (2823 words)

	Brontë Parsonage Museum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Villette - 'little town' - is a rather condescending description of Brussels, the city where Lucy Snowe and her creator, Charlotte Brontë, worked as schoolteachers and had deep emotional experiences.
		Charlotte's last completed novel is her most autobiographical and most complex.
		Villette is a reworking of material from Charlotte's first novel, The Professor (then still unpublished), and depicts, thinly-disguised, her passion for M Heger, her Brussels school master, and her attraction to George Smith, her young publisher.
	www.bronte.org.uk /brontes/novel/villette.asp (552 words)

	572biblio
		"On the Margins of the Acceptable: Charlotte Brontë's Villette." Literature and Theology 10 (1996): 148-59.
		Rochester: Excess and Restraint in Jane Eyre." Novel 10 (1977): 145-57.
		Egoism and Self-Discovery in the Victorian Novel: Studies in the Ordeal of Knowledge in the Nineteenth Century.
	hss.fullerton.edu /english/astein/572biblio.html (3880 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Villette
		Villette, fourth and final novel by Charlotte Brontë, published in 1853.
		Charlotte Brontë’s novel Villette contains many autobiographical elements—loneliness, isolation, loss, and unrequited love are some of the major...
		In 1850, Charlotte met and befriended Elizabeth Gaskell who was later to write her biography.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /Villette.html (79 words)

	Villette - Charlotte Bronte - Penguin Group (USA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		There she struggles to retain her self-possession in the face of unruly pupils, an initially suspicious headmaster, and her own complex feelings, first for the school’s English doctor and then for the dictatorial professor, Paul Emmanuel.
		Charlotte Brontë’s last and most autobiographical novel is a powerfully moving study of isolation and the pain of unrequited love, narrated by a heroine determined to preserve an independent spirit in the face of adverse circumstances.
		New Introduction examines the novel's social and historical context and argues for its importance as an exploration of imperialism
	us.penguingroup.com /nf/Book/BookDisplay/0,,0_0140431187,00.html (166 words)

	Villette - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Villette and La Villette is the name or part of the name of several communes in Europe:
		Villette, a commune in the canton of Vaud
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Villette (108 words)

	Villette (Oxford World's Classics) Book at Shop Ireland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		I found myself reading this novel after Jane eyre and wuthering heights (as i am sure most readers probably will) but it is just possible that this book surpasses even those wonderful novels.
		It is criminal that "Villette" is not widely recognised as Charlotte Brontë's tour de force.
		Villette should be required reading for all students of liturature for its use of symbolism and the narrators depth of soul.
	www.shopireland.ie /books/reviews/0192839640 (868 words)

	The English Novel to 1900 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In addition to detailed class discussion of four representative novels, the course will provide lectures and discussion on 1) the historical development of the novel and 2) the cultural milieu of eighteenth- and nineteenth-century England.
		This course will provide an understanding of 1) four representative novels of the period 2) the historical development of the English novel to 1900 and 3) the cultural context in which the English novel evolved and flourished.
		For each passage you will be expected to identify a) the novel from which the quotation is extracted b) the author of the passage and c) the characters speaking, spoken to or spoken about in the passage.
	www.viterbo.edu /personalpages/faculty/RRuppel/Novel.html (556 words)

	Jane Eyre: Book Descriptions
		With her final novel, Villette, Charlotte Bronte reached the height of her artisitic power.
		One is the shy Caroline Helstone, who is trapped in the oppressive atmosphere of a Yorkshire rectory and whose bare life symbolizes the plight of a single women in the nineteenth century.
		As Charlotte's first novel, it lacks the passion her other writing so beautifully exhibits, but shows her growing love and talent for the written word.
	www.angelfire.com /nc/janeeyre/description.html (498 words)

	Journal of Student Writing
		In Villette, Brontë uses the political act of writing to participate in a dialogue with her literary protagonist where artistic aesthetics and female identity are debated and re-constructed; Lucy Snowe articulates this purpose in the above epigraph where she defines her relationship to art.
		Within the literary forum of her novel, Brontë subversively debates the perception of the woman artist in ways she probably could not were she to address this issue in a more direct, critical manner.
		Villette is arguably one of the most radical and insightful books on the issues surrounding the aesthetics of female voice, character, and the woman writer.
	www.lib.unb.ca /Texts/JSW/number21/sutherland.html (6067 words)

	Talkin' Broadway - What's New on the Rialto? - "Utah Shakespearean Festival" - 7/6/00
		One of the strongest themes of the novel that moves me emotionally is the theme of forgiveness.
		In the narrative from the novel, this takes place as a sort of question and answer session that the two girls are having.
		Another moment in the novel that was pleading to be turned into a song was one that I missed entirely in my first reading, but John Caird, the co-director and book writer of Jane Eyre, saw immediately.
	www.talkinbroadway.com /rialto/past/2000/7_9_00.html (1705 words)

	Villette (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Villette is just as much worth reading as Eyre.
		Strange circumstances bring back old friends from the past, and new friends show her that she is, in fact, worthy of love.
		Although the prose is beautiful, this novel is full of a sort of dark and ominous feeling that is so affecting that it is almost impossible to take your eyes off the page.
	www.classic-literature.co.uk /book-store/0140434798/Villette.html (224 words)

	Hoeveler -"Smoke and Mirrors: Internalizing the Magic Lantern show in _Vilette_"- Gothic Technologies: ...
		Critics have persistently faulted the novel for its "unreliable narrator" (Knies) and its "odd structure" (Martin); however, an understanding of how Brontë uses and critiques the highly visual theatrical machinery of her era actually works to clarify both the purpose and the structure of the novel.
		Throughout the first half of this novel Lucy continues in the stance of an objective observer and is content with inhabiting the "watch-tower of the nursery, whence I.
		She is compelled to read the nun as a text or a tradition that has meaning, whereas we learn by the end of the novel that the nun has no meaning apart from Lucy's compulsions to read her as a real personage with personal significance to her.
	www.rc.umd.edu /praxis/gothic/hoeveler/hoeveler.html (7436 words)

	Fictionwise eBooks: Villette [Secure Microsoft Reader] by Charlotte Bronte
		Lucy Snowe, the narrator of Villette, flees from an unhappy past in England to begin a new file as a teacher at a French boarding school in the great cosmopolitan capital of Villette.
		Brontë's strikingly modern heroine must decide if there is any man in her society with whom she can live and still be free.
		Written before the philosophy of existentialism was formulated, the novel's view of the world can only be described as existential....
	www.fictionwise.com /ebooks/eBook4608.htm (836 words)

	eBay - Book: Villette (ISBN: 037575850X) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Her father requested a happy ending to the story, but the best she could do was to supply a somewhat ambiguous one that has provided a puzzle for Brontë scholars since the book was published.
		Villette by A.S. Byatt; Ignes Sodre; Charlotte Bronte
		Villette is a beautiful book, full of Charlotte Bronte's skill in representing people, scenery, situations and emotions in a way that brings them to life.
	product.ebay.com /Villette_ISBN_037575850X_W0QQfvcsZ1388QQsoprZ1908398 (612 words)

	Alibris: Charlotte Bronte
		Charlotte Brontë's first novel, published in 1847, was based in part on the author's own days in a brutal boarding school where two of her sisters died of tuberculosis; her characterization of the place in her first published work was an act of revenge.
		From two novel fragments that Charlotte Brontë left behind at her death, Clare Boylan has constructed a novel about a girl--the eponymous Emma--with mysterious parentage whose life and adventures go beyond Brontë's usual milieu of mansion and schoolroom, taking her to the perilous London streets of 1851.
		This 1859 novel, set during the Luddite riots, is centered on the character of Robert Moore, a mill-owner who, despite the outrage of his workers, introduces new machinery at his mill--an act that ends in violence.
	www.alibris.com /search/books/author/Bronte,Charlotte (1187 words)

	Villette (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		I knew that I did not like her, but not until the end of the novel, did I really know why.
		The only good thing about the ending of the novel is that for once we see a strong, independent woman.
		She should be one of the role models in this novel.
	las.alfred.edu /~egl/grove/spring99/egl300/villette.html (1002 words)

	Amazon.com: Villette (Everyman's Library (Cloth)): Books: Charlotte Bronte (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		While this is a highly regarded novel of Bronte's, it's also a lesser-known work and its appearance in audio promises newcomers the delight of Bronte's observational prowess wrapped in an engrossing audio format.
		In "Villette", Bronte gives us Lucy Snowe, whom she resembled in many ways: plain, prim, no-nonsense, practical to a fault, and suffering the pains of unrequited love.
		Certainly various scenes in Villette can be traced to what actually happened to Charlotte Bronte in her own lifetime.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0679409882?v=glance (1689 words)

	Transforming the Literary Landscape:
		In the Hampshire village of Chawton, where Jane Austen wrote her most famous novels, practitioners from a number of different disciplines, including archaeology, gardening, country house and garden history, building conservation and restoration, project management, and social and literary history, are currently transforming the English literary landscape – literally and metaphorically.
		Villette, published two years later, to see how deeply such thinking is inscribed in the culture of mid-nineteenth century England.
		Mansfield Park – the novel that she completed soon after that long summer of 1813!) The landscape is being restored to something like its design in Jane Austen’s day, and here we benefit from the expertise of Gilly Drummond DL and of Cassandra Knight, our consultant landscape architect.
	www.pemberley.com /mwheeler.html (5233 words)

	Chateau de Villette Da Vinci Code Tours (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The story developed to the surprise discovery in the hayloft of the chateau’s barn and the escape of the characters through Chateau's 185 acres grounds.
		A stay at Villette will be both educational and entertaining by its beauty of architecture, history, art and the intrigue of “The Da Vinci Code” story.
		Villette offers a 6 days/5 nights Da Vinci Code package which include lodging in the chateau’s deluxe bedrooms.
	www.frenchvacation.com /daVinciCodeTour.htm (322 words)

	Broadview Press: Villette
		Charlotte Brontë’s contemporary George Eliot wrote of Villette, "There is something almost preternatural in its power." The deceptive stillness and security of a girls’ school provide the setting for this 1853 novel, Brontë’s last.
		Modelled on Brontë’s own experiences as a student and teacher in Brussels, Villette is the sombre but engrossing story of Lucy Snowe, an unmarried Englishwoman making her way in a culture deeply foreign to her.
		Providing a rich analysis of the complex themes of the novel, the introduction at once acknowledges and limns the text's resistance to codification and carefully suggests the beautiful patterns in its seeming inconsistencies.
	www.broadviewpress.com /bvbooks.asp?bookid=739 (416 words)

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