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	Ashoka Fellow Profile - Vinaya Kasajoo
		Vinaya believes that the free flow of information in the form of news or opinion is vital to any functioning democracy.
		Vinaya sees that in Nepal, the lack of communications tools and infrastructure means that the rural majority cannot share ideas and information about issues important to their lives.
		Vinaya was born and raised in the small city of Tansen, located some one hundred and eighty miles west of Kathmandu.
	www.ashoka.org /fellows/viewprofile3.cfm?reid=97598 (1008 words)

	Vinaya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Vinaya (a word in Pali as well as in Sanskrit, with literal meaning 'discipline') is the textual framework for the Buddhist monastic community, or sangha.
		At the heart of the Vinaya is a set of rules known as Patimokkha (Pali), or Pratimoksha (Sanskrit).
		Legend has it that the huge volume of teachings was recited from memory, with Ananda reciting the suttas and Upali reciting the Vinaya.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vinaya (460 words)

	Robert Thurman \| The Vinaya Discipline of Buddhist Monasticism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Buddhist Vinaya is a textual and preceptual institution that has guided the individual and communal life of monastic Buddhists for over 2, 500 years in a great variety of cultures.
		In the Theravada Vinaya, there are 227 rules of conduct, arranged in seven groupings, the majority of which are phrased in negative terms, as offences which entail certain penalties.
		After this opening story of the visit at Veranja, the Vinaya begins with the story of poor Sudinna, apparently the first monk to be expelled from the Community, "defeated" in his monastic avocation by his commission of sexual intercourse with his former wife.
	www.bobthurman.com /essay6.shtml (3858 words)

	Vinaya Glossary [eVinaya]
		Cullavagga: The section of the Vinaya Pitaka that includes an elaboration of the bhikkhus' etiquette and duties, as well as the rules and procedures for addressing offences that may be committed within the Sangha.
		Vinaya: the monastic discipline which defines every aspect of the bhikkhus' and bhikkhunis' way of life for the right living and harmony of the Sangha.
		Vinaya Pitaka: the first division of the Tipitaka; the textual framework upon which the monastic community (Sangha) is built.
	www.geocities.com /venkumara/evinaya/glossary.html (2788 words)

	culturebase.net \| The international artist database \| Vinaya Kumar Kasajoo
		Futhermore Vinaya is director of RDP (Rural Development Palpa) a NGO, he founded in 1993, which trains barefoot journalists and encourage fonds to support local media.
		Vinaya believes that access to information relevant to villagers' pressing needs is key to the development of civil society, the effective functioning of democracy, and the economic advancement of ordinary citizens, most of whom live in small villages or other rural settings and the majority of whom are illiterate.
		Vinaya envisages that since rural and underprivileged people do not have access to Internet, the combination of Internet with the community radio and other community media can create amazing effect for those people to access useful and relevant information and knowledge.
	www.culturebase.net /artist.php?1423 (666 words)

	Vinaya Pitaka (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Vinaya Pitaka, the first division of the Tipitaka, is the textual framework upon which the monastic community (Sangha) is built, and includes the code of rules that defines the way of life of Theravada bhikkhus (monks) and bhikkhunis (nuns).
		This unfortunate view misses one crucial fact: it is thanks to the unbroken lineage of monastics who have consistently upheld and protected the rules of the Vinaya for almost 2,600 years that we find ourselves today with the luxury of receiving the priceless teachings of Dhamma.
		The Vinaya is thus an indispensible facet and foundation of all the Buddha's teachings, inseparable from the Dhamma, and worthy of study by all followers -- lay and ordained, alike.
	www.cambodianbuddhist.org /english/website/canon/vinaya (1462 words)

	Events: Controversy; Wages of rebellion, June 15, 2003. The Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		But Vinaya argued that there was no logic in the rule and tucked in her shirt.
		Vinaya felt that this was insulting to the women in the force.
		Vinaya's family consists of her husband Mohandas (a police constable), her aged parents and two school-going kids.
	www.the-week.com /23jun15/events1.htm (861 words)

	Cambodian Buddhist Temple Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Vinaya originally means that which controls the body and speech.
		Agariya Vinaya is the rule for the householder, lay-man and lay-woman.
		Anagariya Vinaya is the rule for the Biddhist Monk.
	www.cambodian-buddhist.org /dhamma_vinaya.html (230 words)

	Vinaya is the foundation of training in a Buddhist monastery - The Patimokkha
		The vinaya forms one of the three 'baskets' of the Buddhist scriptures.
		The vinaya details these incidents along with various 'origin stories' which help in understanding the reasons behind the rules.
		The use of vinaya as part of the process of letting go applies not just socially in relation to 'bad habits' (the conditioning of the mind) but as a reflection on the impersonality of both the mind and the body.
	www.abm.ndirect.co.uk /leftside/monastic/vinaya.htm (1678 words)

	Buddhist Councils - Ven. Rewata Dhamma
		Indeed, it was his express wish that the Buddha always relate all of his discourses to him and although he was not yet an Arahant, he deliberately committed to memory and word for word all the Buddha's sermons with which he exhorted monks, nuns and his lay followers.
		Afterwards seven-hundred monks recited the Dhamma and Vinaya and this recital came to be known as the Sattasati because seven-hundred monks had taken part in it.
		As in the case of the preceding councils, its aim first objective was to affirm and preserve the genuine Dhamma and Vinaya.
	www.urbandharma.org /udharma/councils.html (3575 words)

	Journal of Buddhist Ethics
		Specific vinaya issues discussed include the pātimokkha ceremony, the discussion about vinaya adaptation to the American context, adaptations in the areas of monastic attire and relations with women, and principles of adaptation at work in Theravāda temples in the United States.
		Of course, adaptation of the vinaya to new circumstances occurred almost from the beginning of the Buddha's movement: "The Master did not hesitate to modify the rules to make the life of monks and nuns easier in different climatic and social conditions" (Wijayaratna 1990:53).
		"The Vinaya is something that requires a lot of time to appreciate," one of the monks wrote me. "When I first was ordained, the prospect of memorizing and having to live by a lot of picayune rules was the least appealing part of the training.
	jbe.gold.ac.uk /1/numrich1.html (2908 words)

	Vinaya and 10 Precepts
		Theravada is primarily a religion of monks, since the Theravada tradition understands Buddhism as a method for attaining enlightenment, and monks are those that follow that method according to the guidelines laid down by the Buddha himself.
		Lay people understand their role to be supportive; that is, they help monks to follow the vinaya by giving alms and helping out monks in other ways.
		According to the principles of the Vinaya, those posessions of monks are limited to the things needed for the maintenance of life.
	www.humboldt.edu /~wh1/6.Buddhism.OV/6.Vinaya.html (2605 words)

	What Buddhists Believe - What is Vinaya? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Vinaya is the disciplinary code for self training laid down by the Buddha for monks and nuns to observe.
		However, once the rules had been enumerated by the disciples in the First Council, convened three months after the passing away of the Buddha, it was decided that all the rules should be maintained in toto because no one was certain as to which of the rules should be altered.
		Many people, especially those in the West who have accepted the Buddhist way of life, having read the Vinaya rules in the texts, think that the monks must follow all the rules in toto in any part of the world, in exactly the same manner as they were recorded in the texts.
	www.saigon.com /~anson/ebud/whatbudbeliev/148.htm (2332 words)

	Understanding Vinaya
		The Vinaya states that to make an arrangement, and then travel together with, women, even though it isn't as a couple, is a pacittiya offense.
		This Vinaya of ours is like a fence to guard us from making mistakes, so it's something we need to be scrupulous with.
		"Vinaya" literally means "leading out," because maintenance of these rules "leads out" of unskillful actions, and, by extension, unskillful states of mind; in addition it can be said to "lead out" of the household life, and, by extension, attachment to the world.
	www.buddhistinformation.com /understanding_vinaya.htm (4558 words)

	Vinaya (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The way for a lay person to study the Vinaya is first to learn and practise the lay person’s Vinaya, which gives culture, wisdom, and knowledge.
		So it is futile to learn the monks’ Vinaya, since he or she will criticise the conduct of wayward monks, interfering in the affairs of others.
		Such a person who quotes the Vinaya texts and blames the monks, makes evil kamma because he or she lacks the virtues of a good and moral person.
	www.aimwell.org /Books/Library/Ledi/Dhamma/Vinaya/vinaya.html (3300 words)

	Vinaya Pitaka
		Some see the Vinaya as a throwback to an archaic patriarchy, based on a hodge-podge of ancient rules and customs — quaint cultural relics that only obscure the essence of "true" Buddhist practice.
		This misguided view overlooks one crucial fact: it is thanks to the unbroken lineage of monastics who have consistently upheld and protected the rules of the Vinaya for almost 2,600 years that we find ourselves today with the luxury of receiving the priceless teachings of Dhamma.
		The Vinaya is thus an indispensable facet and foundation of all the Buddha's teachings, inseparable from the Dhamma, and worthy of study by all followers — lay and ordained, alike.
	www.accesstoinsight.org /canon/vinaya (1463 words)

	Buddhism in a Nutshell - Chap 57 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Generally, the Vinaya texts cover the procedure for ordination, lists of major and minor offenses and punishments, rules of seniority, rules observed by the monastic communities.
		Vinaya is one of the Tripitaka in Buddhist teaching.
		Vinaya is observed to manage our bad karma seriously and to extinguish the bad effect incurred..
	www.buddhistdoor.com /bdoor/0208/sources/teach57.htm (470 words)

	Vinaya Pitaka
		The Vinaya contains the code of rules by which monks and nuns are to conduct themselves individually (the Patimokkha), as well as the rules and procedures that support the harmonious functioning of the community as a whole.
		The Vinaya is seen by some as a throwback to an archaic patriarchy, based on a hodge-podge of arbitrary rules and customs that only obscure the essence of "true" Buddhist practice.
		This narrow view misses one crucial fact: it is thanks to the unbroken lineage of monastics who have consistently upheld and protected the Patimokkha rules for almost 2,600 years that we find ourselves today with the luxury of being able to receive the priceless teachings of Dhamma.
	city.tomsk.net /~sutras/vinaya (1261 words)

	Learn more about Buddhism in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		By the Second Council, one hundred years later, the teachings were not in question but the Vinaya rules of monks were.
		Between the 1st century BC to the 1st century AD, the terms Mahayana and Hinayana appeared (in the Sutra of the Lotus of the Good Law) and by the 2nd century AD, Mahayana, formally an offshoot of the Mahasanghika, became clearly defined with the works of Nagarjuna, Asanga and Vasubandhu.
		The Vinaya Pitaka, containing disciplinary rules for the Sangha of Buddhist monks and nuns, as well as a range of other texts which explain why and how rules were instituted, supporting material, and doctrinal material.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /b/bu/buddhism_1.html (3060 words)

	LankaWeb News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		All true Buddhists are indebted to the unbroken lineage of Sanga who have consistently upheld and protected the Vinaya rules for almost 2,600 years that we find ourselves today with the luxury of receiving the priceless teachings of Dhamma.
		Were it not for the Vinaya rules, specifically Patimokkha rules in vinaya pitaka, and for those who continue to abide by it's golden rules even today, there would be no Buddhism.
		Despite of the strict codes of ethics (Vinaya Pitaka) introduced by Lord Buddha himself 2600 years ago, now the new generation of Sri Lankan Bhikkus, who are attempting to enter party politics using the pretext of saving the country from corrupt politicians, can have ramification which may be, at the moment, beyond our comprehension.
	www.lankaweb.com /news/items04/150304-1.html (797 words)

	Damming the Dhamma: Problems with Bhikkhuniis in the Pali Vinaya
		If, as I maintain, the Pali Vinaya consists of a systematic transference of the authority of the Buddha onto the sangha as a corporate body, and if that authority is presented as inherently masculine, then women, by definition, cannot embody the ideal and, therefore, cannot be treated as full members of the sangha.
		The Buddha of the introductory narrative of the Mahaavagga, therefore, is a being characterized by purity of body, speech, and mind, by a physical and ontological separation from the condition of ordinary or supernatural beings, and by a concomitant superiority that derives from his purity and his separateness.
		The decision to proclaim dhamma and vinaya is prompted in both cases by the threat of adhamma (Brahmaa's reference to the "unclean dhamma" and Mahaakassapa's desire to protect true dhamma), and the first action in each text involves the admission of selected persons.
	jbe.gold.ac.uk /6/blackstone991.htm (7645 words)

	Vinaya Principles for Assigning Degrees of Culpability
		In the Vinaya, whenever a monk does a deed that he thinks is, or might be, an offence, it is said "tassa kukkucca.m ahosi": he had remorse, he felt uneasy, he had a guilty conscience (e.g., Vin.III.34).
		The distinction is taken up in the Vinaya commentary (e.g., Vin.A.228), which says that the monastic rules are all on pa.n.nattivajja actions,(24) except for rules which are only broken when the person knows what he is doing (sacittaka) and acts with an unskillful citta, which makes it a loka-vajja rule (Vin.A.228).
		In these various matters, the Vinaya judgement in the case of offences "blamable by the world" seem also to be of direct relevance to lay ethics, while those on offences "blamable by ordinance" generally go beyond this.
	jbe.gold.ac.uk /6/harvey991.htm (6907 words)

	Vinaya Pitaka - Parivara Pali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		Pariværa Pæ¹i which is Book V and the last book of the Vinaya Pi¥aka serves as a kind of manual.
		All the rules, official acts, and other matters of the Vinaya are classified under separate categories according to subjects dealt with.
		Precise procedures are prescribed for settling of disputes and handling matters of jurisprudence, for formation of Saµgha courts and appointment of well-qualified Saµgha judges.
	www.metta.lk /mirror/www.buddhanet.net/parivara.htm (172 words)

	Vinaya Pitaka -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The Pali Vinaya Pit, which is still in theory the rule in Theravada monasteries, although large sections have fallen into disuse, is divided into five major parts grouped into three divisions—Sutta-vibhan (“Division of Rules”), Khandhakas (“Sections”), and Pariva (“Accessory”).
		Includes Vinaya Pitaka, Abhidhamma Pitaka, and Sutta Pitaka containing discourses, doctrine principles, and regulations for the monks and close disciples of Buddha.
		Provides translations of the "Vinaya Pitaka" or Pali scriptures concerning daily conduct; the "Sutta Pitaka" or scriptural discourses attributed to the Buddha; five streaming audio files containing guided meditations of varying lengths; the full-text versions of nine books on Buddhist meditation; and a free ten-week online vipassana meditation course.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9075407?tocId=9075407 (630 words)

	Chapter III
		So Vinaya extricates the person who practises it from making evil kammas by speech and body and so continuing in ‘the wandering-on’; while on the other hand purifying exterior actions so that the interior ones, the workings of the mind, can be purified through the meditations of calm and insight.
		Their Vinaya basically is the Five Precepts, though a wider application of these is seen in the discourse of the Buddha to the young man called Sigála, a sutta that is also called „The Householder’s Vinaya“.
		But in the Vinaya these bare rules are supplemented with their origins in this or that incident, further events, which may modify the rule, analysis as to when one has or has not fallen into an offence, a word-by-word commentary, and finally excusable circumstances which do not count as infractions.
	www.palikanon.com /english/arahats/arahants04.htm (4802 words)

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