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	Vijayanagara Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The empire is generally considered to have reached its peak during the rule of Krishna Deva Raya.
		In 1565, at the Battle of Talikota, the army of Vijayanagara was routed by an alliance of the Deccan sultanates.
		Rama Raya was killed in the Battle of Tallikot and his head (the real head) annually covered with oil and red pigment has been exhibited to the pious Mahomedans of Ahmudnuggur till 1829.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire (1392 words)

	Temples in Karnataka - Virupaksha Temple
		The Virupaksha Temple, located in Hampi is one of the few temples amidst ruins, still in worship.
		The sanctum of Virupaksha has in front an 'antarala', an 'ardha-mandapa' and a large 'maha-mandapa', which is referred to in inscriptions as the 'ranga-mandapa'.
		Facing the Virupaksha temple is the broad Hampi bazaar (about 10.6 m wide and 732 m long), one of the important thoroughfares in the ancient city of Vijayanagara.
	www.indiantravelportal.com /karnataka/temples/virupaksha-temple.html (1166 words)

	Welcome to Punjabkesari.com - Travel & Tourism
		The Virupaksha Temple at the western end is one of the earliest structures in the city.
		Overlooking Virupaksha temple to the South, Hemakuta hill has a scattering of early ruins including Jain temples and a monolithic structure of Narasimha.
		Situated in the citadel area, south of the Hazaara Rama Temple the Queen's Bath is a large square structure, remarkable for the contrast between its plain exterior and the very ornate interior.
	www.punjabkesari.com /Travel/hampi.htm (678 words)

	A Forgotten Empire (Vijayanagar) : a contribution to the history of India by Robert Sewell eBook by BookRags
		I have also been told of an inscription on stone to be seen at the village of Parnapalle (or Paranapalle) in the Cuddapah district, of which a copy on copper-plate is said to be in the possession of one Narayana Reddi of Goddamari in the Tadpatri Taluq of the Anantapur district.
		Pina Raya left a son unnamed, who did nothing in particular, and was succeeded by his son “Verupaca,” by which name Virupaksha is clearly meant.
		Virupaksha was murdered by his eldest son, who in turn was slain by his younger brother, “Padea Rao,” and this prince lost the kingdom to the usurper Narasimha.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/3310/61.html (350 words)

	Vijayanagara
		As the empire began to expand and prosper under Bukka Raya, the capital was established at the more defensible and secure location of Vijayanagara, on the south side of the river.
		It is dedicated to Virupaksha, an aspect of Shiva and his consort Pampa, a local deity.
		Also known as the Virupaksha Temple (not to be confused with the temple of the same name at Hampi), this extensive temple stands in an excavation in the ground, and is surrounded by earth embankments.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/v/vi/vijayanagara.html (1157 words)

	Hampi : Attractions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It leads to the entrance of the Virupaksha Temple, which predates the Vijayanagara kingdom yet remains a center of living Hindu faith (even though Hindu idols have been removed from the surrounding temples).
		Virupaksha's towering gopuram is lavishly sculpted and rises several stories; within its courtyards, monkeys and children careen around ancient pillars, while a sad-faced temple elephant takes tips for much-rehearsed blessings granted with her trunk.
		South of Virupaksha Temple is a temple housing a massive Shiva lingam (phallic symbol) standing in a pool of water.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/print-narrative.cfm?destID=3497&catID=3497010029 (945 words)

	A Forgotten Empire: Vijayanagar By Robert Swell-Book 1 Chapter 10
		He tells us that Virupaksha Raya ("Verupacarao") was a weak and unworthy sovereign, in whose days large tracts of land were lost to the Muhammadans, including Goa, Chaul, and Dabhol; and this statement, at least, is historically accurate.
		Virupaksha was despotic, cruel, and sensuous, "caring for nothing but women and to fuddle himself with drink," so that the whole country was roused to indignation and rebellion.
		From the accession of Krishna Deva Raya to the throne of Vijayanagar in A.D. 1509 we once more enter a period when the history of the country becomes less confused, and we are able to trace the sequence of events without serious difficulty.
	www.nalanda.nitc.ac.in /resources/english/etext-project/history/vijayanagar/book1.chapter10.html (3074 words)

	Your Guide to India - Hampi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This fairy tale city was devoid of all its strength and splendor in 1565 AD when the then ruler Rama Raya was defeated and killed by a confederation of Muslim kings.
		The Virupaksha Temple rises majestically at the western end of the famous Hampi Bazaar.
		An inscription nearby states that it was hewn from a single boulder in 1528 during the reign of Krishnadeva Raya.
	www.yourguidetoindia.com /karnataka/hampi-3.html (1174 words)

	Janmanch.org - Children Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The intention of the warrior princes was to contain the onslaught of the Deccan Sultans and geographically Hampi proved to be ideally located, with steep,rocky mountains on three sides and the mighty river Tungabhadra on the other.
		Popularly known as the ‘golden age’, the empire flourished under the rule of the king who was not only a brave warrior but also a great administrator, a patron of art and architecture.
		On the way between the Virupaksha and the Vitthala temples, there is a cave on the bank of the Tungabhadra, where Sugriva is said to have hidden Sita’s jewels for safety.
	www.janmanch.org /children/kaleidoscope_archive.asp?sector=1&id=30 (832 words)

	Hampi World Heritage Site, India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Virupaksha Temple rises majestically at the western end of the Hampi Bazaar.
		It is the oldest temple at Hampi, constructed in the 15th century, and is dominated by its 50 metre tall gopuram.
		The Virupaksha Temple is undergoing the process of reconstruction now that each stone has been numbered.
	www.globalheritagefund.org /where/hampi_profile.html (1283 words)

	DiscoverIndia Hampi
		The temple of virupaksha, an aspect of Shiva and the guardian deity of the Vijayanagara Kings, rises majestically at the western end of a 700 m long street, once the site of the famous Hampi bazaar.
		The temple is entered through a 50 m tall, elaborately carved gateway that may have belonged to an earlier period and is believed to have been renovated in 1510 by the empire's most famous ruler, Krishna Deva Raya.
		Of this street he says ".....a very beautiful street full of very beautiful houses with balconies and arcades in which are sheltered piligrims....there are also houses for the upper classes, the king has a palace in the same street where he resides when he visits the Pagoda (the temple)".
	www.indiatravelite.com /discoverindia/hampisightseeimg.htm (1522 words)

	Read about Hampi at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Hampi and learn about Hampi here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Possibly predating the city of Vijayanagara, this village continues to be an important religious centre, housing the famed Virupaksha
		1565), when the king Rama Raya was defeated by the combined forces of the
		Virupaksha temple complex: Also known as the Pampapathi temple, it is a Shiva temple situated in the Hampi
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Hampi (579 words)

	[No title]
		The Raya of Vijayanagar had presented Ala-ud-din with a ruby of inestimable price, and this, set in a bird of paradise composed of precious stones, the Sultan placed in the canopy over his throne; but some say that this was done by Muhammad, and that the ruby was placed above his umbrella of State.
		The king neglected to send the Brahman to warn Pertal's family, and on the arrival of news at Mudkal that a large force of the Raya's troops was approaching, the inhabitants fled, and amongst them the girl and her relatives.
		The troops of Warangal deserted the Raya and withdrew.
	www.gutenberg.org /dirs/etext02/fevch10.txt (16168 words)

	Worldisround - Tourist destinations of Karnataka - Spectacular Views in Karnataka pictures
		The Sanctum The sanctum of Virupaksha has in front an 'antarala', an 'ardha-mandapa' and a large 'maha-mandapa', which is referred to in inscriptions as the 'ranga-mandapa'.
		Abutting the southern wall of the courtyard is a hundred- pillared 'mandapa' with three inscriptions in three different languages stating that it was built by Krishnadeva Raya in AD 1516.
		Virupaksha Temple: The biggest temple dedicated to Virupaksha is enclosed in a large quadrangle surrounded by small cells, has a massive gateway and several inscriptions.
	www.worldisround.com /articles/14207/text.html (5771 words)

	1Up India > India > Karnataka > Hampi > places to see at hampi, karnataka
		Virupaksha Temple :The Virupaksha Temple is one of the few temples amidst ruins, still in worship.
		The main festivals of the temple are the Car festival in February and marriage festival of Virupaksha & Pampa in December which are attended by thousands of people each year.
		Achuta Raya Temple :The Tirvengalanatha temple which was built during reign of Achuta Deva Raya is better known by the name of ruler.
	www.1upindia.com /states/karnataka/hampi/visitor-paradise.html (780 words)

	Places of Interest in Hampi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		These are a row of ten chambers with variously shaped vaulted roofs, built symmetrically on two sides of a central two storeyed pavilion.
		South of the Virupaksha Temple, there are two Ganesha Images carved on boulders.
		Though only the stone basements, plaster floors and fragments rubble walls can be seen today, the typical Vijayanagar palace was symmetrically designed with the sequence of rising levels in a 'U' formations, with the private chambers on the top.
	www.bharatguru.com /Newbuzz/Travel/interest.htm (609 words)

	The Vijayanagar Empire 1336 A
		The crowning glory of the region is the temple of Virupaksha.
		Virupaksha, son of Veera Ballala, was in contrast an inefficient and incapable ruler.
		Hampi, the divine abode of Lord Virupaksha, became the capital of Harihara's New Kingdom; it grew in wealth and prosperity during the reign of Bukkaraya and later blossomed into a great city that enchanted tourists from different parts of the world.
	faculty.mdc.edu /jmcnair/Joe26pages/vijayanagar_empire_1336_a.htm (4599 words)

	Information on Hampi,India
		Places of interest in Hampi are Virupaksha temple with its 50m high gopuram,Hemakunta Hill with ruins of Jain temples and a monolithic Sculpture of Narasimha,Vittala Temple,Sule Bazar,Achutaraya Temple,Purandaradasa Mandapa,Royal Center that has Lotus Mahal,the queen's bath and Elephant stables etc.
		The Virupaksha or the Pampapathi temple is the main center of pilgrimage at Hampi.
		It is situated in picturesque surroundings on the southern bank of the Tungabhadra river to the north of Hemkuta hill.
	www.indiaplaces.com /india-monuments/karnataka-hampi.html (618 words)

	Vijayanagara (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Other holy places lie within its extents, including the site of what is said to be Kishkinda, the cave home of Sugriva, the monkey king of the Ramayana.
		It is known that their original base was located in the area.
		The Narasimha statue has recently been restored, the granite strap binding between his knees is a recent addition to stabilise the icon.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Cities-and-towns-in-Karnataka/Vijayanagara.html (1108 words)

	Indian Religion, Temples in the Indian Sub-continent, Hindu Temples, Hindu Religion, My Divine Planet, Indian ...
		To the left of the main shrine is a shrine dedicated to Kappe Chenniga Raya.
		The shrine facing east houses Kappe Chenniga Raya, and the one facing north houses Venugopala.
		Kappe Chenniga Raya received this name because a frog was found in a cavity in this Deity, after it was completed.
	www.mydivineplanet.com /city.asp?city=Belur (658 words)

	Vijayanagara empire : search word
		According to one account, he made Harihara, son of Sangama, who was previously a notable or a minister of Anegondi, his governor there.
		As Muhammud Tughlaq's rule ended amidst revolts against him by his Muslim subjects in the Deccan, the area ruled by Harihara expanded greatly and quickly.
		In 1542, Achyuta was succeeded by Rama (of the third dynasty), who seems to have made a point of unnecessarily provoking the Deccan sultanates, so that eventually they allied against him.
	www.searchword.org /vi/vijayanagara-empire.html (1004 words)

	The Hindu Business Line : Wake-up call for a sleeping legend
		The most powerful king of this empire was Krishna Deva Raya (1423-1446), during whose rule the Vijayanagara Empire extended all the way down to Kanya Kumari.
		Hampi lost its splendour after the defeat and killing of King Rama Raya in 1565 at the hands of a confederation of Muslim kings.
		Today, a major tourist attraction is the Virupaksha (Shiva) temple with origins deep into the 7th century, which features a 50-metre tower.
	www.thehindubusinessline.com /bline/2002/03/02/stories/2002030200032000.htm (371 words)

	A Forgotten Empire: Vijayanagar By Robert Swell-Book 1 Chapter 9
		Mallikarjuna and Virupaksha I. -- Rajasekhara and Virupaksha II.
		This was probably the powerful chief Narasimha Raya, a relation of the king of Vijayanagar, who, intrusted with the government of large tracts, was rising rapidly to independence under the weak and feeble monarch whom he finally supplanted.
		The five separate kingdoms which arose in the Dakhan were those of the Adil Shahs of Bijapur, with whom we have most to do; the Barid Shahs of Bidr or Ahmadabad; the Imad Shahs of Birar; the Nizam Shahs of Ahmadnagar; and the Qutb Shahs of Golkonda.
	www.nalanda.nitc.ac.in /resources/english/etext-project/history/vijayanagar/book1.chapter9.html (2422 words)

	[No title]
		Reign of Krishanadev Raya reached to its zenith not only in terms of expanse of the empire, but also in terms of growth and development of literature, music, art and culture.
		Raya himself was an accomplished poet, musician, scholar and was fluent in Sanskrit, Telugu and Kannada (and perhaps Tamil too!).
		Krishandev Raya and all other rulers of this empire were pious Hidus and were devoted to Dharma, but they had very liberal outlook for other religions.
	www.med.unc.edu /~nupam/postg1.html (2299 words)

	Hampi... ruins of a lost empire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Lord Virupaksha became the patron deity of Vijayanagar rulers and they used the word " VIRUPAKSHA " as their insignia.
		The city was founded in 1336 by two brothers Harihara (also called Hakka) and Bukka who had been taken as prisoners of war by the Delhi Sultan, Mohammed-bin-Tuglak in 1326-1327, when the Chalukyan kingdom of Kampili near Hampi was overthrown.
		The Vijayanagar Empire grew in strength and splendor and resisted all onslaughts till 1565 when the then Vijayanagar commander Rama Raya was defeated by a confederation of Muslim kings and the capital city was ransacked.
	www.webonautics.com /hampi/history2.html (278 words)

	indenomade, Karnataka, Hampi et région
		Dating from the middle of the 15th century, therefore old for the site, it is especially known for the splendid ratha stone which is held in a large court.
		At the entry of this way, a curious gantry, the royal balance, is the place where the sovereign was made weigh at the time of significant ceremonies, for then distributing to the poor of his kingdom his weight of gold and jewels...
		While skirting the river one comes across the Virupaksha temple.A broad avenue bordered of pillars leads to the temple of Achutaraya, in the course of restoration, in the name of the brother-in-law and successor of king Deva Raya Krishna.
	www.indenomade.com /english/DethampiE.htm (963 words)

	Tourism of India - Holiday Ideas
		Dating from the 9th to the 14th century, these are built in the early Vijayanagar style with stone pyramidal roofs.
		On the road outside the Virupaksha Temple stand two wooden temple cars or rathas which are taken out once a year for the car festival.
		built by Krishna Deva Raya with interesting carvings on the pillars and the avatars of Vishnu depicted on the gateway.
	www.tourismofindia.com /hi_old/templearea.htm (495 words)

	Bridges across Hampi's heart (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Yet, heedless to these warnings, the historic Virupaksha bazaar whereprecious stones, diamonds and gold were sold during Krishnadevarya's times,is now being encroached upon and used by residents as a dwelling place.People say they will move out when alternative accommodation is provided.
		Filliozat also brought to light the fact that Hampi is partlyprotected by the State Archaeology Department and partly by the ASI and thatboth had been unable to evolve a uniform policy for the conservation of thisgrand urban site of the medieval period.
		As of now, the Virupaksha templeand its surroundings are under the control of the State ArchaeologyDepartment but the department has no powers to check the activities goinginside the area of its jurisdiction.
	www.indianexpress.com /ie/daily/19991226/ian26067.html (854 words)

	Gapguru.com - Discover India : Hampi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The city was robbed of all its strength and splendor in 1565 AD when the then ruler Rama Raya was defeated and killed by a confederation of Mughal kings.
		Several of the carved pillars were attacked with such fury that they are hardly more than shapeless blocks of stones and a large portion of the central part has been destroyed utterly.
		House of Victory - It was built when Krishnadeva Raya came back from his victorious expedition against the King of Orissa.
	gapguru.com /DestinationDetail.aspx?ItemID=147 (609 words)

	Merrygo Travels pvt. ltd. - discount airfare, flights, hotels, cars, vacation packages, cruises, maps (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Virupaksha Temple, Monolithic Ganeshas, Krishna Temple, Monolithic Narsimha, Hazara Rama Temple, Elephant Stables, Zenana Enclosures, Royal Performance Zone, Royal Residences, Quieen's Bath, Vittala Temple, Achyuta Raya Temple, Kodandarama Temple.
		The Virupaksha Temple located at the western edge is one of the earliest constructions in the city.
		Overlooking Virupaksha temple to the South, Hemakuta hill has several scattered ruins, which includes Jain temples and a monolithic structure of Narasimha.
	www.merrygotravels.com /html/karnataka_travels.htm (1278 words)

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