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Topic: Viscous

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	Definition of viscous - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Etymology: Middle English viscouse, from Anglo-French viscos, from Late Latin viscosus full of birdlime, viscous, from Latin viscum mistletoe, birdlime; akin to Old High German wIhsila cherry, Greek ixos mistletoe
		2 : having or characterized by viscosity lava>
		See a map of "viscous" in the Visual Thesaurus
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=viscous (65 words)

	D'Alembert's paradox - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is not true for some trivial cases, like fluid at rest or in uniform motion, but becomes evident with the simplest non-trivial viscous flows, like the Poiseuille flow.
		Or if solids are viscous, then they are infinitely so: viscosity does not apply to solids.
		Because the vorticity of the circular motion is cancelled out exactly by shearing: be the deceleration of the fluid with distance: this shearing strain by itself is viscous, but it is cancelled out by the circular motion: irrotational, therefore non-viscous.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/D'Alembert's_paradox (906 words)

	Viscosity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In many situations, we are concerned with the ratio of the viscous force to the inertial force, the latter characterised by the fluid density ρ.
		James Clerk Maxwell called viscosity fugitive elasticity because of the analogy that elastic deformation opposes shear stress in solids, while in viscous fluids, shear stress is opposed by rate of deformation.
		In geology, earth materials that exhibit viscous deformation at least three times greater than their elastic deformation are sometimes called rheids.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Viscosity (1416 words)

	Diesel Progress North American Edition: A comparison of viscous drives and on/off fan drives for diesel engine cooling
		Viscous fan drives are used to reduce the fan load when cooling is not required, and thereby lessen power requirements and related fuel demands.
		Typically, a bi-metallic element on the front of the viscous drive senses the temperature of air passing through the radiator and operates a valve to control the silicone transfer fluid, thus effecting fan engagement and disengagement.
		In the engaged mode the slippage (fluid shear) common to the viscous drive's liquid coupling restricts fan speed and associated cooling capacity by approximately 5 to 10 percent.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0FZX/is_9_65/ai_57044400 (1412 words)

	Journal Contents - The influence of brittle-viscous multilayers on faulting during rifting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In domain with a basal viscous layer overlain by brittle layers, the spacing between conjugate normal faults was larger than in the domain that had a second, upper viscous layer embedded in brittle layers (see experimental set-up; Fig.
		In contrast, in the domain without a second interbedded viscous layer, the grabens were fewer, deeper and wider, and faults extended all the way down to the top of the basal viscous layer.
		Viscous silicone (PDMS) is red, quartz sand is orange and corundum powder is a dark yellow to orange.
	www.virtualexplorer.com.au /2002/7/schreurs3/paper1.html (1070 words)

	Taylor Devices, Inc.-- Fluid Viscous Damping as an Alternative to Base Isolation
		The fluid viscous damper for structures, shown in Figure 1, is similar in action to the shock absorber on an automobile, but operates at a much higher force level.
		Both fluid viscous damping and base isolation have the same objective of significantly decreasing the response of a structure to earthquake excitation.
		With both fluid viscous damping and base isolation it is possible to have a structure remain within the elastic region, so there is no permanent deformation from a seismic event.
	www.quakepro.com /taylor/fvd_alt1.htm (3021 words)

	Archive on Irrotational Motions of Viscous & Viscoelastic Fluids
		A viscous correction of the irrotational pressure is needed to resolve the discrepancy between the zero-shear-stress boundary condition at a free surface and the non-zero irrotational shear stress.
		We derive a viscous correction of the irrotational pressure which presumably arises from a boundary layer induced by the discontinuity of the tangential velocity and shear stress at the interface evaluated using the potential flow solution.
		We show that the irrotational viscous flow with pressure corrections gives rise to exactly the same dispersion relation as the dissipation method in which no pressure at all is required and the viscous effect is accounted for by evaluating the viscous dissipation using the irrotational flow.
	www.aem.umn.edu /people/faculty/joseph/ViscousPotentialFlow (5488 words)

	Earthquakes, Frequently Asked Questions, with a Special Section on New York State: Multidisciplinary Center for ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		The fluid viscous dampers used for this experiment are the same as that provided by Taylor Devices for use on the B2 Stealth Bomber.
		An important benefit of fluid viscous dampers is that they are especially effective in minimizing forces acting on building columns: they reduce drifts and shear forces without introducing axial column forces which are in-phase with column bending moments.
		Fluid viscous damping devices have been proven to be a reliable and affordable solution to seismic design problems, and have been tested on both steel and reinforced concrete building models.
	mceer.buffalo.edu /infoservice/faqs/rsa7_fvd.asp (1252 words)

	MRT - Viscous Coupling Variations article
		In addition, the viscous coupling (VC) apportions engine torque to the front and rear axles depending on the amount of tyre slippage at either end.
		The viscous liquid in these couplings, incidentally, is said to be very tacky and smelly.
		Once the viscous coupling is extracted from the rear transfer case, MRT can perform their unique lathe test.
	www.mrtrally.com.au /performance/viscous_coupling.htm (995 words)

	DEFINITION GENERATOR
		Flow of a viscous fluid at any moment is determined completely by the shear forces acting on it at that moment.
		A viscous fluid can actually be very rigid if it is of very high viscosity.
		Viscous fluids stay in the shape they have at the instant that force is removed (they have no inertia).
	www.webspawner.com /users/definitiongenerator (2300 words)

	Viscous fluid coupling device - Patent 4298111
		In the conventional viscous fluid coupling device, however, a communicating hole for the viscous fluid between the reservoir chamber and the operating chamber is just opened or closed by a thermal responsive valve member upon detection of the prescribed temperature thereby just to control the transmission of the output torque at two stages.
		The amount of the viscous fluid within the operating chamber 18 is determined by the amount transmitted via holes 20, 22 and the amount discharged by the pumping element 24.
		C., holes 20, 22 are closed by the valve member 27 and the viscous fluid within the operating chamber 18 is sent into the reservoir chamber 19 by a pumping function of the pumping element 24 thereby to become substantially the smallest amount of the viscous fluid.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4298111.html (1345 words)

	Aeroc - Viscous Solid
		“Viscous Solid is a seamless collection of carefully crafted songs and soundscapes that begs a close listen...a delicate, wondrous and inspiring aural excursion.” -BPM
		With the stunning Viscous Solid, White has created a seamless album infused with ambience and melody.
		Aeroc occupies a rarified air in which the surreal nature of dreams and the rhythms of everyday waking existence merge to create an unusually naturalistic form of electronic music.
	www.ghostly.com /1.0/ghostly/gi30.shtml (220 words)

	Norman G. Clark - Horton V-Master (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Viscous air-sensing fan drives from Horton Sachs are equipped with a temperature sensor, which constantly senses the coolant temperature indirectly.
		At low temperatures, the viscous air-sensing fan drive runs in no-load operation and at high temperatures, it turns on.
		The viscous air-sensing fan drive prevents the constant and often unnecessary running of the fan, and it drives the fan only when necessary.
	www.ngclark.com.au /Products/HortonVmaster/vmaster.html (267 words)

	A viscous-sealed primary standard
		With this in mind, DryCals are built upon the principle of a viscous seal.
		The DryCal's patented viscous seal is achieved by carefully matching the outer diameter of the graphite-composite piston with the inner diameter of the glass cylinder (flow cell).
		With the viscous seal principal, DryCals earn the distinction of being the world's only dry constant-pressure primary flow standard - in other words, unlike other primary standards, DryCals do not require oil, mercury, or soap solutions to achieve a virtually airtight seal.
	www.biosint.com /faqs/viscous-sealed.htm (196 words)

	Numerical Simulation of Viscous Accretion Disks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		A two-dimensional numerical hydrodynamics code is developed to model viscous accretion discs, employing the method of smoothed particle hydrodynamics.
		From these models it is found that a characteristic mass accretion rate, constant with time, tends to be maintained by the accretion disks, and that mass accretion is inversely proportional to the strength of the local shear viscous force.
		This is a consequence of the damping effect of local viscous forces upon the global non-axisymmetric modes that primarily drive accretion in these disks.
	www.aas.org /publications/baas/v27n4/aas187/S025001.html (150 words)

	Viscous Aerodynamic Drag (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Viscous drag (or skin friction drag) is due to the stresses on the aerodynamic surfaces and in the boundary layer.
		Some of the physical aspects involved in the viscous drag loss are: presence of shear layers, turbulent transition, boundary layer separation.
		Methods for viscous drag reduction rely on techniques that alter the turbulence structure and/or the wall characteristics.
	www.aerodyn.org /Drag/vdrag.html (191 words)

	Viscous
		The temperature distribution (Figure 6) that results from viscous heating in the flow shear has three notable features; no heating at the stagnation point, a peak in heating under the region of accelerated flow, and a near constant skin temperature under the down-stream boundary layer.
		However, the scaling of the viscous heating results with Prandtl number do predict a decrease in the wall temperature as turbulence develops within a constant mean flow and the Prandtl number decreases toward 1.
		Further investigation of the viscous heating effect in turbulent flows is probably necessary for a full understanding of the turbine efficiency monitoring application.
	www.seabird.com /technical_references/viscous.htm (2378 words)

	CSAR Noon Seminar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Viscous potential flow is a theory in which the flow is assumed to be irrotational and viscous effects are retained.
		The theory of viscous potential flow with a pressure correction is applied to problems such as a rising bubble or drop in a viscous fluid, the decay of free gravity waves, and capillary instability.
		In the problem of capillary instability, the growth rates computed using the viscous potential flow with a pressure correction are almost indistinguishable from the exact fully viscous solution.
	www.cse.uiuc.edu /seminars/wang3.html (261 words)

	The Structure and Continuum Emission of Viscous Discs
		In this summing-up of some of the features of this model, a simple analysis of the structure of viscous discs is presented which leads to the generation of radial power-law profiles of the surface density and radial velocity.
		However, the viscous disc model has the feature that angular momentum must be continually supplied to it in order that it maintains its structure.
		The viscous disc model seems to be able to provide a density and velocity field which is consistent with observational results.
	www.astro.virginia.edu /~dam3ma/benews/volume36/porter/porter0.html (1823 words)

	Agate
		By movement of the lava, when originally viscous, the vesicles were in many cases drawn out and compressed, whence the mineral matter with which they became filled assumed an elongated form, having the longer axis in the direction in which the magma flowed.
		Several vapour-vesicles may unite while the rock is viscous, and thus form a large cavity which may become the home of an agate of exceptional size; thus a Brazilian geode, lined with amethyst, of the weight of 35 tons, was exhibited at the Dusseldorf Exhibition of 1902.
		The first deposit on the wall of a cavity, forming the "skin" of the agate, is generally a dark greenish mineral substance, like celadonite, delessite or "green earth," which are hydrous silicates rich in iron, derived probably from the decomposition of the augite in the mother-rock.
	www.jewelry-paideia.com /reference/ref-gemstone-agate-1.php (1967 words)

	Properties of Liquids Section 2 Goulds Pumps - ITT Industries Inc.
		Given the desired capacity and head of the viscous liquid to be pumped and the viscosity and specific gravity at the pumping temperature, Fig.
		The viscous efficiency and the viscous brake horsepower may then be calculated.
		This procedure is approximate as the scales for capacity and head on the lower half of Fig.
	www.gouldspumps.com /printpage.ihtml?pid=120 (275 words)

	Air Friction
		For objects moving at relatively low speeds through a liquid, where turbulence is not a significant factor, then the viscous resistance to the object's motion is approximately proportional to its velocity.
		This resistance can be used to calculate penetration distance into a viscous medium, terminal velocity, and motion description for sinking objects.
		The resistance to an object's motion through a fluid may be termed "fluid friction." It may take the form of viscous resistance in a liquid, or the rather different character of air friction when an object moves through a gas.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/airfri.html (359 words)

	Howstuffworks "How Differentials Work"
		The viscous coupling has two sets of plates inside a sealed housing that is filled with a thick fluid, as shown in below.
		The viscous fluid, stuck between the plates, tries to catch up with the faster disks, dragging the slower disks along.
		In a viscous coupling, the force is applied between the fluid and the sets of plates in the same way as between the yolk and the shell.
	auto.howstuffworks.com /differential9.htm (399 words)

	Re: viscous source term
		The built in sources are activated/deavtivated through the TERMS command in the Q1, the first argument should be toggled to N. From the VR menu, choose "MOdels" then "Solution Control", then the "TERMS 1 SOUR" should be toggled to N for the rlevant variable.
		Re: viscous source term - mt, Mon, 3 Jan 2005, 6:23 p.m.
		Re: viscous source term - tah, Sun, 6 Feb 2005, 9:36 p.m.
	www.cfd-online.com /Forum/phoenics.cgi?read=2312 (202 words)

	Taylor Devices Seismic Dampers and Seismic Protection Products
		A: Fluid Viscous damping reduces stress and deflection because the force from the damping is completely out of phase with stresses due to flexing of the columns.
		Optimal performance of a building with fluid viscous damping is achieved with damping in the range of 20 to 25 percent of critical.
		In comparison, Taylor Fluid Viscous Dampers include a bi-metallic orifice which acts like a thermostat to provide uniform performance over a temperature range of -40 F to +160 F. This excellent thermal stability is combined with all steel construction, having internally threaded joints and no welded or bonded parts.
	www.taylordevices.com /SeismicDampers.htm (2493 words)

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