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Topic: Vision impairment

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	Visual impairment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Visual impairment or vision impairment is vision loss that constitutes a significant limitation of visual capability resulting from disease, trauma, or a congenital or degenerative condition that cannot be corrected by conventional means, including refractive correction, medication, or surgery
		According to the U.S. National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities, "the terms partially sighted, low vision, legally blind, and totally blind are used in the educational context to describe students with visual impairments.
		Low vision applies to all individuals with sight who are unable to read the newspaper at a normal viewing distance, even with the aid of eyeglasses or contact lenses.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Visual_impairment (398 words)

	Questions and Answers About Blindness and Vision Impairments in the Workplace and the Americans with Disabilities Act (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Vision impairment may result in a loss of visual acuity, where an individual does not see objects as clearly as the average person, and/or in a loss of visual field, meaning that an individual cannot see as wide an area as the average person without moving the eyes or turning the head.
		Vision impairment can occur at any time in life, but as a person's age increases, so does the likelihood that he or she will have some form of vision impairment.
		A vision impairment is a disability if: (1) it substantially limits a major life activity; (2) it was substantially limiting in the past (i.e., if an individual has a "record of" a substantially limiting impairment); or (3) an employer "regards" or treats an individual as having a substantially limiting vision impairment.
	www.eeoc.gov /facts/blindness.html (7093 words)

	Glossary of Eye Conditions - American Foundation for the Blind (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Vision loss that may be severe enough to impede a person's ability to carry on everyday activities, but still allows some functionally useful sight.
		Low vision may be caused by macular degeneration, cataracts, glaucoma, or other eye conditions or diseases.
		However, depending on the degree of visual impairment, a person with this condition may benefit from the use of devices for low vision.
	www.afb.org /Section.asp?DocumentID=2139 (4562 words)

	"Comprehensive vision therapy information: faqs, links, pediatric eye care, lazy eyes, crossed-eyes, non-surgical, ...
		Vision therapy is an effective, medically proven treatment for binocular vision impairments, such as double vision, lazy eye, crossed eyes, amblyopia, strabismus, esotropia, exotropia, esophoria, exophoria, hypertropia, hyperopia, loss of stereoscopic vision, poor depth perception, convergency insufficiency, poor tracking, etc.
		Vision therapy is remarkably successful in rehabilitating all types of binocular vision impairments including amblyopia (lazy eye), strabismus (crossed-eyes), esotropia, exotropia, esophoria, exophoria, hypertropia, hyperphoria, as well as other binocular conditions.
		Vision therapy (or orthoptic therapy) is a very effective type of physical therapy for the brain and the eyes.
	www.vision3d.com /eyecare (2052 words)

	Parenting and Child Health - Health Topics - Vision impairment
		When a child's vision problem is permanent and cannot be corrected to give normal vision, this is called a 'vision impairment'.
		Vision impairment is a condition that prevents normal vision in one or both eyes.
		People who have vision impairment may not always recognise our efforts to communicate with them because they may not be aware when we are looking, smiling or waving at them.
	www.cyh.com /cyh/parentopics/usr_index0.stm?topic_id=1677 (2002 words)

	The Human Eye, Its Functions, and Visual Impairment - American Foundation for the Blind (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Myopia is blurred vision that occurs when the eye's focusing mechanism brings light to a focus in front of the retina, usually because the eyeball is very elongated in shape.
		Like the term severe visual impairment, visual impairment is used by researchers who study the population, and is not used in clinical references.
		Low vision is a clinical diagnostic term used to describe impaired vision that cannot be improved by conventional eyeglasses, contact lenses, medications, or surgery in which some good usable vision remains.
	www.afb.org /info_document_view.asp?documentid=201 (1040 words)

	Focus Area Progress Review - Vision Health [About Healthy Vision 2010]
		Vision disorders are the fourth most prevalent class of disability in the United States and the most prevalent cause of handicapping conditions in childhood.
		The science surrounding vision screening, eye disease, injury prevention and eye safety, and vision rehabilitation must be presented in ways that enable health care providers to incorporate these findings into everyday practice and better educate their patients in an effort to improve patient outcomes.
		To understand the impact of eye disease and visual impairment on the health of the Nation, data are needed on the number and characteristics of people with various eye conditions, the effects of these conditions on quality of life, and the economic burden of these conditions.
	www.healthyvision2010.org /about_hv/reviewfinal.asp (6278 words)

	Disability Info: Visual Impairments Fact Sheet (FS13)
		The terms partially sighted, low vision, legally blind, and totally blind are used in the educational context to describe students with visual impairments.
		The rate at which visual impairments occur in individuals under the age of 18 is 12.2 per 1,000.
		Students with low vision or those who are legally blind may need help in using their residual vision more efficiently and in working with special aids and materials.
	www.nichcy.org /pubs/factshe/fs13txt.htm (683 words)

	Vision problems
		Blurred vision is the loss of sharpness of vision and the inability to see small details.
		Changes in vision, blurriness, blind spots, halos around lights, or dimness of vision should always be evaluated by a medical professional.
		Other potential causes of vision problems include fatigue, overexposure to the outdoors (temporary and reversible blurring of vision), and many medications.
	www.umm.edu /ency/article/003029.htm (679 words)

	Vision Impairment, DD, NCBDDD, CDC
		Vision impairment means that a person's eyesight cannot be corrected to a "normal" level.
		Vision impairment may be caused by a loss of visual acuity, where the eye does not see objects as clearly as usual.
		It may also be caused by a loss of visual field, where the eye cannot see as wide an area as usual without moving the eyes or turning the head.
	www.cdc.gov /ncbddd/dd/ddvi.htm (154 words)

	Low Vision and Blindness Rehabilitation - National Plan for Eye and Vision Research [NEI Strategic Planning]
		Research in visual impairment and blindness is aimed at developing and assessing new methods for the rehabilitation of visually impaired individuals through assistive technologies, training, and rehabilitation services and education.
		The leading causes of visual impairment in infants and children are retinopathy of prematurity, deficits in the visual centers of the brain, and structural ocular abnormalities such as cataract and retinal abnormalities.
		Establish the scope of impaired vision and blindness in U.S. society and its ramifications for everyday life, identifying the prevalence of visual impairment, its functional limitations, and the risk factors for visual disability.
	www.nei.nih.gov /strategicplanning/np_low.asp (1659 words)

	Strategies for teaching students with vision impairments
		The extent of visual disability depends upon the physical sensory impairment of the student's eyes, the age of the student at the onset of vision impairment, and the way in which that impairment occurred.
		Vision also may fluctuate or may b e influenced by factors such as inappropriate lighting, light glare, or fatigue.
		If a student with a visual impairment is in class, routinely check the instructional environment to be sure it is adequate and ready for use.
	www.as.wvu.edu /~scidis/vision.html (2295 words)

	VISION, HEARING IMPAIRMENT GET OVERDUE ATTENTION
		Most people do not realize that vision loss and hearing loss are among the top seven chronic health conditions that affect quality of life and medical service use among older adults in the United States.
		Vision and hearing permit people to navigate and stay oriented within their environment.
		The vision and hearing objectives of Healthy People 2010 address the leading causes of visual impairment, which are the age-related eye disorders of diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and cataracts.
	www.asaging.org /at/at-235/IF_Vision_Hearing.cfm (599 words)

	Fact Sheet Cortical Visual Impairment
		TM Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI) is a temporary or permanent visual impairment caused by the disturbance of the posterior visual pathways and/or the occipital lobes of the brain.
		Color vision is generally preserved in children with CVI (color perception is represented bilaterally in the brain, and is less susceptible to complete elimination).
		Vision may be better when either the visual target or the child is moving.
	www.blindbabies.org /factsheet_cvi.htm (1171 words)

	[No title]
		Four of the 9 children (44%) with cortical visual impairment, including two infants with no functional vision, had improvement in their vision noted by the families, vision therapists and ophthalmologists.
		Of that number, two experienced total restoration of vision and a third patient's vision loss was nipped in the bud before total blindness occurred.
		However, his vision is inconsistant, and with his motor limitations we are struggling to find a way for him to communicate.
	miraclemountain.homestead.com /CVI.html (6698 words)

	Vision Impairment
		Vision and eye care professionals recommend that all people should get their eyes examined at least every 2 years, and more frequently if they experience any of the above signs, or sudden onset of symptoms such as pain, halos, or floaters.
		Common signs and symptoms of macular degeneration are: difficulty reading print, seeing details, or recognizing faces; straight lines are frequently distorted and appear wavy; sometimes there is a hole or empty area in the center of vision; parts of word appear to be missing.
		An acute onset of glaucoma will result in blurred vision, halo's around lights, eye pain, occasional blind spots, and problems see: in dim light or night blindness.
	www.nhbvi.com /SSIL/Guide/vision-impairment.html (846 words)

	Low vision simulators
		Of course, wearing a simulator does not portray what it is like to have low vision, as that is a permanent situation that affects a person in ways beyond his or her ability to read or walk about.
		Consumers with low vision have found that these simulators help to get the point across to friends and family who don't understand the importance of putting things back where they belong, closing the cabinet doors in the kitchen, or not leaving things lying around on the steps.
		Low vision simulators quickly help sighted persons not familiar with vision impairment understand the "grey area" between fully sighted and totally blind.
	www.lowvisionsimulators.com (460 words)

	Job Accommodation Network (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Low vision is a term that describes a person with a vision impairment whose vision cannot be improved by correction but has some usable vision remaining.
		A low vision specialist is knowledgeable about conditions associated with low vision and adaptive aids the individual with low vision may benefit from.
		Vision Enhancement products are portable low vision aids that can be worn with glasses or head-mounted.
	www.jan.wvu.edu /media/Sight.html (3245 words)

	Vision of Children - childhood blindness and vision impairment: research updates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		He described a granular texture of the retinal pigment epithelium in the center vision area, spreading to linear rows or arrays in which the hypopigmented cells were clustered.
		Falls predicted correctly that this mosaic of alternating light and dark pigment density in the retinal pigment epithelium of female carriers was the result the different expression of the woman’s two X-chromosomes, one with the normal copy of the gene activated, the other with the altered gene copy turned on.
		For any woman at risk to be a carrier for X-linked Ocular Albinism, her pupils must be dilated and her retinas examined by an informed ophthalmologist who is experienced in this search and understands what he is looking for in the retinal pigment epithelium.
	www.visionofchildren.org /carrier_detect.html (652 words)

	Vision
		It processes incoming light into an image on the retina, which sends a signal that is processed by the part of the brain dedicated to vision.
		This is evidence of a visual impairment known as
		Corrective lenses are the most commonly used methods of correcting visual impairment, with one person in five in the world wearing eyeglasses.
	www.essilor.com /Products/VisionAndVisionDefects/LaVision.htm (217 words)

	Vision Impairment 2, Kids Quest, NCBDDD
		Nearly two-thirds of children with vision impairment also have at least one other developmental disability, such as mental retardation, cerebral palsy, hearing loss, or epilepsy.
		Vision impairment is more common in older people.
		People with vision impairments can use their phone to "read" the daily newspaper.
	www.cdc.gov /ncbddd/kids/kblindpage.htm (969 words)

	Vision of Children - Ocular Albinism, childhood blindness and vision impairment
		Vision of Children - Ocular Albinism, childhood blindness and vision impairment
		Staff and researchers from The Vision of Children recently returned from the 5th World Symposium on Ocular Albinism, which VOC co-hosted with the Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM).
		At Dimension One Spas, a leader in the spa industry, $1 from every "Vision" cartridge sold is donated to VOC.
	visionofchildren.org (445 words)

	Community Services for the Blind and Partially Sighted (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Low vision: vision that cannot be further improved by corrective lenses or medical or surgical intervention, although low vision rehabilitation may help someone to use remaining sight more effectively.
		Macular Degeneration (Age-Related Macular Disease) is the leading cause of vision impairment and legal blindness in people over the age of 50.
		Severe Vision Impairment: U.S. In 1990, the estimated number of persons with severe vision impairment in the U.S. was 4,293,360.
	www.csbps.com /info/default.shtml (519 words)

	Vision Impairment in Children
		Vision impairments one of the more common long term impacts of prematurity.
		As they mature, myopia, amblyopia and more severe vision impairment (including blindness) occur in many children born premature.
		Websites, organizations and mailing liss on diagnosis and treatment, parental support, and living with a child with vision impairment.
	www.comeunity.com /disability/vision (133 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Vision problems
		Sometimes an eye problem is part of a general health problem.
		Blind spots, halos around lights, or areas of distorted vision appear suddenly.
		Your provider will check vision, eye movements, pupils, the back of your eye (called the retina), and eye pressure when needed.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003029.htm (1198 words)

	Vision Impairment Resources
		This page has discusses the causes, classifications, risk factors and treatments associated with Retinopathy of Prematurity, a leading cause of visual impairment in premature infants.
		A comprehensive list of resources for visual impairments and assistive technologies; including online resources, books, magazines, education, medical and legal organizations, and assistive technologies.
		Recommended by Betsy Walker, owner of the V.I. Guide, and the parent of a child who was born prematurely and has vision impairment.
	www.comeunity.com /disability/vision/resources.html (232 words)

	VisionConnection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		If you're considering LASIK surgery to correct your vision, here's what you need to know about the different types of procedures, whether you're a likely candidate, the risks involved and what to ask your doctor.
		This Vision Research Month, read about some of the advances that have been made.
		It's no surprise that older adults with vision impairment are at greater risk for depression than their fully sighted peers.
	www.visionconnection.org (292 words)

	Amazon.com: The Lighthouse Handbook on Vision Impairment and Vision Rehabilitation (2-Volume Set + Free CD-ROM with ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-18)
		Aimed at the healthcare provider and students of optometry or ophthamology, this ambitious two-volume work is, according to its preface, a "comprehensive and interdisciplinary resource" that focuses on both the medical condition of vision impairment and the interdisciplinary field of vision rehabilitation.
		...a comprehensive reference source covering scientific, clinical, social, and rehabilitative aspects of vision impairment and blindness...well-organized and easy-to-use, with contributions from an interdisciplinary group of experts.
		The quality and quantity of information is outstanding and the editors and contributors are leading experts in their respective fields of vision rehabilitation.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0195094891?v=glance (802 words)

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