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Topic: Vitamin P

	vitamin. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Vitamin A (retinol), a fat-soluble lipid, is either derived directly from animal foods such as liver, egg yolks, cream, or butter or is derived from beta-carotene, a pigment that occurs in leafy green vegetables and in yellow fruits and vegetables.
		The B vitamins niacin (nicotinic acid) and niacinamide (nicotinamide) are commonly known as preventives of pellagra, which in 1912 was shown by American medical researcher Joseph Goldberger to result from a dietary deficiency.
		Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, a water-soluble vitamin, was first isolated (from adrenal cortex, oranges, cabbage, and lemon juice) in the laboratories of American biochemists Albert Szent-Gyorgyi and Charles King in the years 1928–33.
	www.bartleby.com /65/vi/vitamin.html (2925 words)

	Independent Living Nutrition - Vitamins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		One of the main functions of vitamin D is to enable the body to absorb calcium and phosphorus, and because of this, excess amounts of the vitamin can be harmful, leading to over-calcification of the bones and teeth, formation of calculus stones in the kidneys and hardening of the arteries due to calcium deposits.
		Vitamin E is known to be essential for muscle development and for preventing the red blood cells from breaking down.
		Vitamin P works to strengthen the walls of the blood vessels, and it is essential for the body to use vitamin C properly.
	www.independentliving.co.uk /vitamin3.html (2036 words)

	Vitamins Multi Minerals Vitamins C E B Mega Minerals Aminos
		Vitamin P (rutin bioflavanoids); the body's proper utilization of Vitamin C is facilitated by Vitamin P. The part of Vitamin P called rutin is especially helpful in preventing recurring bleeding arising from weakened blood vessels.
		Vitamin E intake should be at least 30 units per day; increases in the amount of unsaturated fatty acids (vitamin F) necessitates increase in vitamin E. Tocopherols protect red blood cells from destruction by such poisons in the blood as hydrogen peroxide.
		Vitamin E is required for the synthesis of co-enzyme Q, a factor in the respiratory chain that releases energy from carbohydrates and fats.
	www.beverlyinternational.com /products/vitamins (1277 words)

	Bioflavanoids also know as Vitamin P or flavones (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Vitamin P are a group of water soluble substances which comprise a number of factors including herpseridin, myrecetin, nobiletin, rutin, tangeritin and quercetin and there is no known toxicity symptoms reported with bioflavanoids.
		Vitamin P was first discovered in the white part of citrus fruits and the flavanoids are responsible for making the yellow and orange colours we see in the fruits.
		To maintain the health of capillaries and blood vessels, you need vitamin P, bioflavanoids to work in conjunction with vitamin C, plus the flavanoids enhance the function of vitamin C. Vitamin P, bioflavanoids are also required by the body to aid in resistance to infection and to prevent oxidation of vitamin C within the body.
	www.anewlife.co.uk /vitamin_p.html (326 words)

	Vitamin K (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Vitamin K executes its effects by carboxylation of proteins and as ligand (vitamin K2) for a nuclear transcription factor.
		Vitamin K Recommended Intake Inadequate for Older Adults: In an 84-day study of 21 older women fed a K(1)-restricted diet (18 micro g/d) for 28 days, followed stepwise by 86, 200 and 450 micro g/d of phylloquinone, gamma-carboxylation of prothrombin was restored to normal levels in response to K(1) supplementation at 200 micro g/d.
		Vitamin K maintains the aging retina and suggest that the sparing effect does not reflect the survival-promoting (anti-apoptotic) activities of vitamin K-dependent proteins.
	www.modern-psychiatry.com /vitamin_k.htm (5870 words)

	MedlinePlus Herbs and Supplements: Vitamin K
		Vitamin K1 (phytonadione) is the natural form of vitamin K, which is found in plants, and provides the primary source of vitamin K to humans through dietary consumption.
		Vitamin K2 compounds (menaquinones) are made by bacteria in the human gut, and provide a smaller amount of the human vitamin K requirement.
		Vitamin K is occasionally used to reverse warfarin before surgical procedures, although high doses are generally avoided because of the resulting delay in re-anticoagulation after the procedure.For minor procedures such as tooth extractions, some eye operations, or biopsies, reversal may not be necessary if the INR is 2.5 or lower.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-vitamink.html (4060 words)

	vitamin — FactMonster.com
		vitamin, group of organic substances that are required in the diet of humans and animals for normal growth, maintenance of life, and normal reproduction.
		vitamin: Vitamin K - Vitamin K Vitamin K consists of substances that are essential for the clotting of blood.
		vitamin: Vitamin B Complex - Vitamin B Complex Commonly grouped as the vitamin B complex are eight water-soluble vitamins.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0851047.html (619 words)

	Vitamin C
		Vitamin K is also part of this complex; it helps in coagulation.
		To say that ascorbic acid is vitamin C is like looking at a wheel and saying that it is a car ‑ it is only a small part of a car.
		The synthetic vitamin producers and sellers claim that synthetic vitamins have the same molecular structure as the natural, and are therefore the same or at least have the same effect.
	www.soulpurposechiropractic.com /nutritioncenter/vitaminc.htm (868 words)

	Other Vitamins
		VITAMIN L is thought to be necessary for lactation -- the reason for the "L" -- although it is not officially recognized as a vitamin and dietary sources have not been identified.
		Vitamin P, which is now known as bioflavonoids, is a water soluble vitamin necessary for proper functioning and absorption of Vitamin C. Flavonoids and bioflavonoids are often used interchangably, but not all flavonoids are biologically active while bioflavonoids are.
		VITAMIN X is a term used to denote many unknown substances and a term used for virtually every vitamin isolated during the initial phase of research used interchangeably with "factor x." It appears to be a bacterial growth factor or possibly a derivative of biotin.
	www.innvista.com /health/nutrition/vitamins/others.htm (1776 words)

	Wikinfo \| Vitamin
		Vitamins were first recognised by the diseases that occur from a lack of certain foods; for example, the British Royal Navy recognised that a constituent of limes prevented scurvy (one result of not having enough vitamin C over an extended period of time), so limes were added to the diet of sailors.
		Vitamin D is synthetized by human body, but in quantities that are not always sufficient.
		Whatever Happened to Vitamin F? Vitamin F was the designation originally given to essential fatty acids that the body cannot manufacture.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=vitamin (599 words)

	dvitamin
		Vitamin D was first isolated from tuna fish oil in 1936, and synthesized in 1952.
		Vitamin D deficiency is, of course, to found in people who do not take supplements, who receive little sun exposure, and who do not drink vitamin D fortified milk.
		Vitamin D deficiency is cause or contributor to a wide variety of diseases, many of which appear unrelated to bone problems.
	www.doctoryourself.com /dvitamin.htm (5468 words)

	B vitamins - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Vitamin B is a complex of eight water soluble vitamins, active in cell metabolism.
		Since later research has shown it is in fact a complex of chemically distinct vitamins that happen to often coexist in the same foods, the name has gradually declined in use, being replaced by the generic term "the B vitamins", the vitamin B complex, or by the specific names of each vitamin.
		As might be expected due to its high content of brewer's yeast, beer is a good source of B vitamins [4], [5], although this may not be true of filtered beers [6], [7]; in fact, beer is sometimes referred to as "liquid bread" [8].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/B_vitamin (1067 words)

	Abstracts For The Vitamin C Controversy
		These results suggest that combined treatment with antioxidant vitamins A, E, C, and beta-carotene in patients with recent acute myocardial infarction may be protective against cardiac necrosis and oxidative stress, and could be beneficial in preventing complications and cardiac event rate in such patients.
		After 1 month of vitamin therapy, the onset of LDL oxidation was prolonged over baseline measurements by 71 +/- 67%, and the maximal rate of oxidation was decreased by 26 +/- 25% (both p < 0.001).
		The authors assessed the levels of vitamin c, total and HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols in the blood serum of 140 probands assigned to an 83-member experimental group, and to a 57-member control group.
	www.lef.org /protocols/abstracts/vitaminc08.html (2253 words)

	Benefits of Vitamin P
		Vitamin P helps the body intake and use Vitamin C, and revents the destruction of it by oxidation.
		Vitamin P fortifies the tissue of the capillaries, making them stronger and more effecient.
		Vitamin P can be supplemented in most C-complex formulas, in multi-vitamins, and by itself.
	www.ovdb.com /articles/vitamin-p (149 words)

	Vitamins and Minerals (Science Tracer Bullet - Science Reference Services, Library of Congress
		The term "vitamine" was first proposed in 1912 by the Polish chemist Casimir Funk, in his landmark paper on vitamin theory, which synthesized existing research and paved the way for developments in the field.
		The one-a-day vitamin and mineral supplement, introduced in 1940, quickly gained widespread popularity, especially in the United States, where, by 1997, an estimated half of the population was taking a vitamin supplement on a regular basis.
		Today we recognize approximately 13 vitamins or vitamin groups, as well as 7 major minerals and 10 trace elements, and our understanding of these compounds continues to evolve as we become increasingly aware of their complex nature.
	www.loc.gov /rr/scitech/tracer-bullets/vitaminstb.html (2441 words)

	The Vitamin C Foundation
		Vitamin C reduces the formation of potentially carcinogenic nitrogen-containing compounds in the stomach, offering protection from stomach cancer, researchers have reported.
		Vitamin C deficiency increases the lung pathology of influenza virus-infected gulo-/- mice...
		Vitamin C blocks vascular dysfunction and release of interleukin-6 induced by endothelin-1 in humans in vivo.
	vitamincfoundation.org (1764 words)

	The Vitamin Page
		Vitamin B2: Commonly called Riboflavin, this vitamin is important for energy as are all B vitamins.
		Vitamin B6: Commonly called pyroxidine in various formulas, this B vitamin is important to the nervous system and red blood cells, as well as synergistically working with other B vitamins for energy and stress reduction.
		Vitamin B12: This B vitamin is known as the energy vitamin for its role with other B's in helping to increase cellular energy.
	www.nutrafitness.com /vitamins.htm (1433 words)

	\| Rutin, Bioflavonoids, Vitamin P \| Wellfx.com Infobase \|
		Bioflavonoids are sometimes referred to as vitamin P (P stands for capillary permeability factor).
		Their pairing with Vitamin C is seen often in Vitamin C complexes, but this is just the beginning of the benefits found in Bioflavonoids supplementation.
		Vitamin C and the citrus flavonoid hesperidin have no effect on menopausal symptoms when taken alone.
	www.wellfx.com /InfoBase/vitramin_p.html (601 words)

	P 5-P Plus Magnesium by Klaire Labs
		B-6 is one of the three B-complex nutrients (along with folic acid and vitamin B12) which reduces homocysteine, one of the most recognized heart risk factor whose elevated level in the blood corresponds to greater rates of strokes and heart attacks.
		However, despite the remarkably consistent findings in the research on the use of vitamin B6 in the treatment of autism, and despite its being immeasurably safer than any of the drugs used for autistic children, there are at present very few practitioners who use it or advocate its use in the treatment of autism.
		At the end of the four-month trial it was clear that vitamin B6 was the most important of the four vitamins we had investigated, and that in some cases it brought about remarkable improvement.
	www.millnut.com /P-5-P-Plus-Magnesium-by-Klaire-Labs_p_0-44.html (3404 words)

	vitamin — Infoplease.com
		vitamin, group of organic substances that are required in the diet of humans and animals for normal growth, maintenance of life, and normal reproduction.
		vitamin: Vitamin A - Vitamin A Vitamin A (retinol), a fat-soluble lipid, is either derived directly from animal foods...
		vitamin: Vitamin K - Vitamin K Vitamin K consists of substances that are essential for the clotting of blood.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/sci/A0851047.html (626 words)

	Vitamin P (Bioflavonoids) - Benefits, Deficiency Symptoms And Food Sources
		A group of substances found in nature, that correct abnormal capillary permeability, were collectively called 'permeability vitamins' or vitamin P. When extracted, these compounds have a yellow color (flavonoids), and since they are biologically active they are called 'bioflavonoids'.
		The bioflavonoids are helpful in the absorption of vitamin C and protect the multifunctional vitamin C molecule from oxidation, thereby improving and prolonging its functioning.
		Vitamin P are used extensively in the treatment of athletic injuries because they relieve pain, bumps, and bruises.
	www.womens-health-club.com /vitamins/vitamin-p.htm (477 words)

	Basic Nutrition: Vitamin Primer
		Vitamin A stimulates the secretion of gastric juices needed for protein digestion, plays a vital role in building strong bones and rich blood, contributes to the production of RNA and is needed for the formation of visual purple.
		Vitamin C: A water-soluble vitamin best known for its use in treatment of the common cold, it is also needed for a host of processes including tissue growth and repair, strength of capillary walls, lactation and adrenal gland function.
		Vitamin D: Like vitamin A, vitamin D is needed for calcium and phosphorus absorption and thus is essential for strong bones, healthy teeth and normal growth.
	www.westonaprice.org /basicnutrition/vitaminprimer.html (2706 words)

	Amazon.com: Vitamin P: Books: Barry Schwabsky (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Vitamin P is an image-filled book that provides an international overview of the state of painting today.
		Documenting the most recent concerns, ideas and trends, Vitamin P explores the work of a vibrant new generation that is revitalizing this traditional, but continually updated, medium.
		A book like Vitamin P contains a superb sampling of a huge number of the world's most talented contemporary artists, and in my opinion, everyone who wishes to understand and be inspired by the contemporary art scene could profit from owning a copy.
	www.amazon.com /Vitamin-P-Barry-Schwabsky/dp/071484246X (977 words)

	The Nature of Vitamin C
		Isolating and identifying the nature of vitamin C turned out to be a more difficult task for biochemists than most of the other vitamins that were being identified at the beginning of the twentieth century.
		Vitamin C was found to be very unstable (it is the most unstable of the vitamins), so it was easily lost in chemical procedures to isolate it.
		We speculate that rather than a vitamin, vitamin E is better classified as a vitamin-like substance, only required in humans to spare the low amount of vitamin C normally present in the tissues on a typical low-ascorbate diet.
	vitamincfoundation.org /NaturalC.htm (6395 words)

	Bioflavonoids, "Vitamin P" and Inflammation:
		It was the discovery in Szeged that called attention to the biological actions of flavonoids, and from 1940 onwards, researchers from many countries began studying the biochemical effects of flavonoids such as catechins, proanthocyanidins, rutin, etc. Hungarian researchers had started the research on the biochemistry of flavonoids, and today remain leaders in the field.
		I had the pleasure of discussing vitamin C and the role of electron transport and the electronic desaturation of protein molecules in the cancer process with Dr. Szent-Gyorgyi many times during 1972 through 1979, as well as lecturing together.
		Keep in mind that Dr. Szent-Gyorgyi's experiments indicated that at least a trace of vitamin C must be present to observe the vitamin-like effect of the bioflavonoids.
	www.drpasswater.com /nutrition_library/gabor_interview.html (3574 words)

	Vitamin P - Benefits, Deficiency Symptoms And Food Sources - Bioflavonoids
		Although bioflavonoids are not true vitamins in the strictest sense, they are sometimes referred to as vitamin P. Bioflavonoids are essential for the absorption of vitamin C, and the two should be taken together.
		Vitamin P increases capillary strength and aids in regulating absorption.
		Bioflavonoids act synergistically with vitamin C to protect and preserve the structure of capillaries.
	www.vitamins-minerals-supplements.org /vitamins/vitamin-p.htm (435 words)

	Vitamin C
		Vitamin K is another part of the C complex.
		Bleeders do not have enough vitamin K. Another factor in the C complex is J. The J factor is the part of the C complex which increases the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.
		To say that ascorbic acid is vitamin C is like looking at a wheel and saying that it is an automobile, while it is just a small part of an automobile.
	www.becomehealthynow.com /category/suppsvitc (782 words)

	MedlinePlus Herbs and Supplements: Vitamin B6
		The chemical structure of vitamin B6 was elucidated in 1939.
		Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is required for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine, and for myelin formation.
		Because most lactating women do not consume the RDA of vitamin B6 in their normal diets and do not provide totally breast-fed infants with the RDA of this vitamin, doses as high as 4mg per day of vitamin B6 may be recommended although benefits have not been well proven.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-b6.html (4690 words)

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