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Topic: Vlachs

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	Vlachs - LoveToKnow 1911
		The Vlach (Vlakh, Wallach) or Ruman race constitutes a distinct division of the Latin family of peoples, Distriba- widely disseminated throughout south-eastern Europe, tion of both north and south of the Danube, and extending the Vlach sporadically from the Russian river Bug to the race.
		The centre of gravity of the Vlach or Ruman race is at present unquestionably north of the Danube in the almost circular territory between the Danube, Theiss and Dniester; Its and corresponds roughly with the Roman province original of Dacia, formed by Trajan in A.D. From this home.
		The Vlachs of Pindus, and the southern region generally, were, on this hypothesis, to be regarded as later immigrants from the lands north of the Danube.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Vlachs (2625 words)

	History of Vlachs - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Byzantine writer Cecaumenos, in his Strategicon of 1066 wrote that the Vlachs of Epirus and Thessalia came from North of the Danube and from along the Sava and that they were the descendants of the Dacians and the Bessi.
		In the 10th century the Hungarians arrive in the Pannonian plain and, according to the anonymous chancellor of King Bela III of Hungary, the plain was inhabited by Slavs, Bulgars, Vlachs and "pastores Romanorum" (Roman shepherds), although this late writing (1146) might be slightly inaccurate.
		In the 18th century, as many of the Vlachs became involved in the trade between the Occident and Orient, their main city, Moscopole, became one of the most important and prosperous cities of the Balkans, until it was sacked and pillaged by the Ottomans in 1788.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/History_of_Vlachs (453 words)

	Report
		In the post-war era, Vlachs felt they had to be extremely careful, as the two secessionist attempts (in the turn of the century and in the 1940s) made Greece suspicious of a distinct Vlach ethnic identity: hence, Vlach assimilation was extensive and usually ‘voluntary’, i.e.
		Today, Vlach ethnic identity is perceived by many members of the community as distinct from that of the other Greeks who have Greek as their mother tongue (called ‘Grecos’ in Aromanian) but as fully compatible with Greek national identity (likewise for many Arvanites and Macedonians).
		All Vlach speakers are fluent in Greek; in fact, the use of Vlach is being subordinated to the use of Greek especially among the younger generations.
	www.greekhelsinki.gr /english/reports/vlachs.html (2518 words)

	Vlachs
		Since the 19th century the Rumanian historians traditionally claim the Vlachs to be descendants of the ancient Romans who in the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD occupied Dacia, a Roman province located in the regions of Transylvania and the Carpathian Mountains of modern Romania.
		This theory cites the major role the Vlachs played in the formation and development of the Second Bulgarian Empire (also known as the Empire of Vlachs and Bulgars; founded 1185) as evidence that the centre of the Vlach population had shifted south of the Danube.
		By the 13th century the Vlachs were reestablished in the lands north of the Danube, including Transylvania, where they constituted the bulk of the peasant population.
	www.orbilat.com /Encyclopaedia/V/Vlachs.html (519 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Vlachs
		Vlachs (also called Vallachians, Wallachians, Wlachs, Wallachs, Olahs or Ulahs, South Slavic: Власи Vlasi, Greek: Βλάχοι Vláhi, Albanian: Vllehë, Turkish: Ulahlar, Ukrainian: Волохи Volokhy, Polish: Wołosi) is a blanket term covering several modern Latin peoples (linguistic) descending from the Latinised population in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe.
		Morlachs (in Greek: Mavrovlachi or Mauro-Vlachs, meaning Black Vlachs; in Latin sources: Nigri Latini) were a population of Vlach shepherds that lived in the Dinaric Alps (western Balkans in modern use), constantly migrating in search for better pastures for their sheep flocks.
		Vlachs descend predominantly from the Romanised Dacians, Thracians and Illyrians, the indigenous populations of the Balkans, and Roman colonists (from various provinces of the Roman Empire).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Vlachs (1040 words)

	Vlachs Information
		Vlachs (also called Wallachians, Wlachs, Wallachs, Olahs or Ulahs) is a blanket term covering several modern Latin peoples descending from the Latinised population in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe.
		Vlachs descend from the Romanised Thracians (and possibly Illyrians), the indigenous populations of the Balkans, and Roman colonist (from various provinces of the Roman Empire).
		In the 10th Century, the Hungarians arrived in the Pannonian plain, and, according to the Gesta Hungarorum written by an anonymous chancellor of King Bela III of Hungary, the plain was inhabited by Slavs, Bulgars, Vlachs and pastores Romanurum (shepherds of the Romans).
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Vlachs (1329 words)

	NL21_2: The Vlachs of Greece
		The Vlachs are a fairly endogamous people, but we all have many ancestors, and, if we carried to its logical conclusion the theory that an ancestor of a particular ethnic group qualified us for membership of that group, we would all be members of a great many groups.
		It was something of an achievement for the Vlachs to be recognized as a separate millet by the Porte in 1905, although this recognition was probably intended mainly as a divisive tactic to sow dissension between Vlach and Greek.
		There were of course villages where Vlachs conspicuously loyal to the Greek state still spoke the language among themselves and allowed their children to speak it, but economic forces either rendered these villages virtually uninhabitable or brought roads and Greek speakers to them.
	www.farsarotul.org /nl21_2.htm (4917 words)

	Romania History - southern Balkan Vlachs
		Bulgarian texts of the 10th century have many references to Vlachs and areas called Great Vlachia and Little Vlachia roughly corresponding to the current Vlach populations and the Vlachs may have fought on the side of the Bulgarians against the Byzantines.
		A description of the Vlachs of Thessaly's life in the 11th century is similar to their life in the early 20th century.
		There may well have been short lived independent states of mainly Vlach populations in the 14th century, In 1350 the Serbs took much of the area followed by the Turks and the history of the Vlachs through this time is sparse.
	www.eliznik.org.uk /RomaniaHistory/vlach-south.htm (919 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Vlachs
		Vlachs descend from a Slavis ethnic group called "Olah"-s from North-East part of their present country's area, the slaves of the Romanian Empire and finally the semi-nomad pastors of Balcan.
		The Vlach languages, also called the Eastern Romance languages is in the same family like the Proto-Romanian language however they donát have common origion.
		The islamisation of the Meglen Vlachs (Megleno-Romanians): The village of Nânti (Nótia) and the “Nântinets” in present-day Turkey
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Vlachs (1419 words)

	Vlachs - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site
		Vlachs (also called Wlachs, Wallachs, Olahs) are the Romanized population in Central and Eastern Europe, including Romanians, Aromanians, Istro-Romanians and Megleno-Romanians, but since the creation of the Romanian state, this term was mostly used for the Vlachs living south of the Danube river.
		This explains the pockets of Vlachs that could be found all over the Balkans and as far north as Poland and as far west the Czech Republic, and Croatia.
		The religion of the Vlachs is predominantly Eastern Orthodox Christianity, but there are some regions where they are Catholics and Protestants (in Transylvania) and a few are even Muslims (former converts from Greece, living in Turkey since the 1923 exchange of populations).
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=321954 (568 words)

	Giurgia and the Greek vlachs - Koukoudis - by Mavrommati Vaso
		While 'Vlach populations' are presented as milling about over the length and breadth of the central Balkans in the Middle Ages and the Byzantine period, the consolidation of Ottoman rule coincided with a rearrangement of these mediaeval 'Vlach' population groups and their villages and settlements.
		A study of the Vlachs is not a study of an absolutely distinct linguistic group moving about in space and time, but the actual history of the gradual linguistic Latinisation and de-Latinisation of the southern Balkans, with all its local mutations and in direct connection with environmental adaptation and the cultural division of labour.
		The Vlachs' genius as merchants and craftsmen that was born in the mountains served them even more effectively in the dozens of colonies that grew up in almost all the towns in mainland Greece and the most important of the larger villages on the plains and in the foothills.
	www.geocities.com /mavroab/koukoudis3en.htm (3101 words)

	Cultural Survival
		Vlach population figures are notoriously hard to substantiate; the most recent scholar to study the Vlachs, Professor Tom Winnifrith of Warwick University in England, estimated in 1987 that there were 30,000 Vlachs in Greece and 20,000 in Albania, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and Romania.
		The most developed segment of the remaining Vlach population is in Greece; the only remaining Vlach town, Metsovo, is located in Greece; the most appealing nation-state for Vlachs to throw in their lot with has traditionally been Greece.
		Unless some kind of incentive is developed to encourage Vlachs to remain Vlachs (such as funding schools to teach the language, and newspapers to extend its currency and usefulness), it is reasonable to expect this ethnic group to disappear within one or two generations.
	www.cs.org /publications/CSQ/csq-article.cfm?id=1266 (2823 words)

	Romania History - northern Vlachs
		See the page on the southern Vlachs for the Vlachs of the Pindus and Macedonia that separated linguistically around the time of the Slav immigrations and now are known as the Arumani.
		There are few written references to the Vlach peoples as most written accounts during Byzantine and medieval times were from the towns, plains and coasts and it is unlikely the authors even aware of the peoples living in the hills and mountains.
		Possibly the highland pastoral life separated the Vlachs from waves of migrating eastern tribes which took the lowlands by preference as they came from the plains of the Steppes or the lowlands of Germany.
	www.eliznik.org.uk /RomaniaHistory/Vlach-north.htm (1236 words)

	Vlachs
		Vlachs (also called Wallachians, Wlachs, Wallachs, Olahs or Ulahs) is a blanket term covering several modern Latin peoples descending from the Latinised population in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe.
		The Vlach languages have a common origin from the Proto-Romanian language, and the Vlachs themselves originally descend from Roman colonists (from various provinces of the Roman Empire) and Romanised indigenous populations (Dacians, Thracians, and/or Illyrians).
		In the 10th Century, the Hungarians arrived in the Pannonian plain, and, according to the Gesta Hungarorum written by an anonymous chancellor of King Bela III of Hungary, the plain was inhabited by Slavs, Bulgars, Vlachs and pastores Romanurum (Roman shepherds).
	www.mlahanas.de /Greece/History/Vlachs.html (1096 words)

	The Vlach Connection and Further Reflections on Roman History
		Vlach itself is Slavic (taking that form in Czech) and could mean Italian or Romanian, though the same word, with appropriate case endings, turns up in mediaeval Latin (Blachi) and Greek (Blakhoi, pronounced Vlakhi), only applied to the Romance speakers of the Balkans.
		Several islands of Vlach speakers survive in Greece, Albania, and the former Yugoslavia, though the use of the word "Vlach" for these is dying out.
		The Romance speakers of the Balkans enter history in the 12th century as the Vlachs: When the second Bulgarian kingdom broke away from Romania in 1186, the revolt was led by the Asen brothers, who were Vlachs themselves.
	www.friesian.com /decdenc2.htm (7704 words)

	Aromanian Vlachs: The Vanishing Tribes
		A Vlach phalanx in the foothills of Mount Vermion
		The Vlachs, those whose ways of life sophisticatedly combined sedentarism (and the taste for solid villages and massive stone cottages) with the horizon-widening transhumance (later diversified to transport of goods and business travels) were to fall themselves prey to the temptation of nation-building.
		Grecized Vlachs of today -they argue- simply mutants hit by a self-inflicted amnesia, hosted by a Greek nation-state intolerant to the core, should really not be entitled at all to call themselves 'Vlachs'.
	www.vlachophiles.net (10689 words)

	DNA
		The original Vlachs were shepherds with a shared life style, threads of a common language, but otherwise a people who had adopted the marvelous survival technique of assimilation -that is blending into whatever population they happened to find themselves.
		Vlachs migrated along the Carpathian Mountains with their herds and some migrated as far west as the mountains of eastern Moravia, where they were welcomed by the Hapsburg Empire and essentially formed a buffer colony against the Ottoman Empire.
		Vlachs were Roman subjects, and throughout the Empire in Romania and the Balkans, Black African slaves had been imported from across the Mediterranean Sea via Cairo and Carthage.
	www.brazosport.cc.tx.us /~czech/dna.html (1205 words)

	Electronic Banat
		Scientists does not dispute that Vlachs are descendants of the indigenous Balkan population Romanised during the rule of the Roman Empire and that the language they speak is Rumanian.
		The Vlachs enjoy the support of eminent intellectuals among the Banat Rumanians with regard to the mother language and culture and the national minority status.
		The Vlachs began to organise on an ethnic basis in post-Titoist Yugoslavia and in particular after the so-called anti-bureaucratic revolution in Serbia in 1988 when the national homogenisation of the majority population entailed the national homogenisation of minority peoples.
	www.banatul.com /info/banat-history-romanians-in-serbia.shtml (5339 words)

	VLACHS - Online Information article about VLACHS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The name " Vlachs," applied to the Rumans by their neighbours but never adopted by themselves, appears under many It, name.
		Rum-walas, and it is to be observed that Rum is one of the words by which the Vlachs of eastern Europe still know themselves.
		original Daco-Roman population of this region, the Vlachs of Turkey and Greece are similarly descended from the Moeso-Roman and Illyro-Roman inhabitants of the provinces lying south of the river.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /VIR_WAT/VLACHS.html (3707 words)

	2001/04/04 20:07 The Balkans' Hidden Minorities: Greece's Vlachs and Bulgaria's Pomaks
		This made it very easy for the Vlachs to be included in the Orthodox Greek population, although for a short period of time the Vlachs were recognized as a separate millet.
		Furthermore, not all Vlachs chose the Greeks as a source of identification; some looked up to their linguistic kin, the Romanians, who for a while set up schools in the Romanian language, a development that generated a split within the Vlach community.
		Apart from being a successful survival strategy for a 'hidden minority,' this fervent Vlach identification with the Greek majority does not seem to be particularly problematic, especially in the context of Balkan patterns of coexistence.
	www.aimpress.ch /dyn/trae/archive/data/200104/10404-003-trae-ath.htm (2258 words)

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